（雙語）《2016中國的航天》白皮書（11）
2、多邊合作
(2) Multilateral cooperation
——中國積極參加聯合國和平利用外層空間委員會及其科技小組委員會、法律小組委員會的各項活動，積極參與外空活動長期可持續性等國際空間規則磋商，簽署《中國國家航天局與聯合國對地觀測數據和技術支持諒解備忘錄》，積極推動中國對地觀測衛星數據在聯合國平臺上的共享與合作。
– China takes an active part in activities organized by the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and its Scientific and Technical Sub-committee and Legal Sub-committee, and negotiations on international space rules such as the long-term sustainability of outer space activities. It signed the MeMorandum of Understanding between the China National Space Administration and the United Nations on Earth Observation Data and Technical Support, actively promoting data sharing and cooperation between China’s earth observation satellites on the UN platform.
——中國積極支持聯合國災害管理與應急響應天基信息平臺北京辦公室開展相關工作。聯合國在北京設立空間科學與技術教育亞太區域中心（中國），促進國際空間領域的人才培養。
– China supports the relevant work of the Beijing office of the United Nations Platform for Space-based Information for Disaster Management and Emergency Response. The UN set up the Regional Center for Space Science and Technology Education in Asia and the Pacific (China) in Beijing to promote personnel training in the international space arena.
——中國在亞太空間組織合作框架下，積極參與推動亞太空間合作組織聯合多任務小衛星星座項目，成功舉辦以“‘一帶一路’助力亞太地區空間能力建設”爲主題的亞太空間合作組織發展戰略高層論壇，並發表北京宣言。
– Within the framework of the Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization (APSCO), China actively participated in the APSCO Joint Small Multi-mission Satellite Constellation Program. It also organized the APSCO Development Strategy Forum with the theme of “the Belt and Road Initiative for Facilitating Regional Capacity Building of the Asia-Pacific Countries,” at which the Beijing Declaration was adopted.
——中國與巴西、俄羅斯、印度、南非等國航天機構共同發起並積極推動金磚國家遙感衛星星座合作。
– China and the space agencies of Brazil, Russia, India, and South Africa co-sponsored and actively promoted cooperation in the BRICS remote-sensing satellite constellation.
——啓動實施中國—東盟衛星信息海上應用中心、瀾滄江—湄公河空間信息交流中心建設等項目。
– China launched the China-ASEAN Satellite Information Maritime Application Center, and Lancang-Mekong River Spatial Information Exchange Center.
——中國積極參與機構間空間碎片協調委員會、空間與重大災害憲章、地球觀測組織等政府間國際組織的各項活動。成功舉辦第31屆空間與重大災害憲章理事會、第32屆機構間空間碎片協調委員會等國際會議。
– China actively participated in activities organized by the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC), International Charter on Space and Major Disasters, Group on Earth Observations, and other intergovernmental organizations. It hosted the 31st Council of the International Charter on Space and Major Disasters, the 32nd Meeting of the IADC and other international conferences.
——中國積極參與全球衛星導航系統國際委員會活動，成功舉辦第7屆全球衛星導航系統國際委員會大會，積極推動北斗系統與其他衛星導航系統兼容與互操作，推廣普及衛星導航技術，與多個國家和地區開展衛星導航應用合作。
– China actively participated in activities organized by the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) and held the Seventh ICG Conference. It actively improved the compatibility and interoperability of the Beidou system with other satellite navigation systems, popularized satellite navigation technology, and cooperated with a number of countries and regions in satellite navigation applications.
——中國積極參與國際宇航聯合會、國際空間研究委員會、國際宇航科學院、國際空間法學會等非政府間國際組織和學術機構的各項活動，成功舉辦第64屆國際宇航大會、2014年聯合國/中國/亞太空間合作組織空間法研討會、第36屆國際地球科學與遙感大會等國際會議。在聯合國空間應用項目框架下成功舉辦首屆載人航天技術研討會。
– China actively participated in activities organized by the International Astronautical Federation, International Committee on Space Research, International Academy of Astronautics, International Institute of Space Law, and other non-governmental international space organizations and academic institutes. It held the 64th International Astronautical Congress, 2014 United Nations / China / APSCO Workshop on Space Law, 36th International Conference on Earth Science and Remote-Sensing, and related international conferences. It also held the First Seminar on Manned Spaceflight Technology within the framework of the United Nations Program on Space Applications.
——中國積極參與全球防災減災國際事務協調，通過聯合國災害管理與應急反應天基信息平臺、聯合國亞洲及太平洋經濟社會理事會、空間與重大災害憲章等機制，爲國際重大災害救援工作提供了衛星數據支持和技術服務。
– China actively participated in the international coordination of global disaster prevention and reduction, and provided satellite data support and technical services for major international disaster-relief efforts through the United Nations Platform for Space-based Information on Disaster Management and Emergency Response, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, International Charter on Space and Major Disasters, and related mechanisms.
3、商業活動
(3) Commercial activities
中國積極鼓勵和支持企業參與空間領域國際商業活動，完成尼日利亞通信衛星、委內瑞拉遙感衛星一號、玻利維亞通信衛星、老撾一號通信衛星、白俄羅斯一號通信衛星等衛星出口和在軌交付，爲土耳其藍突厥2號地球觀測衛星提供商業發射服務，成功搭載發射厄瓜多爾、阿根廷、波蘭、盧森堡等國的小衛星，積極開展空間信息商業服務。
China encourages and supports Chinese enterprises to participate in international commercial activities in the space field. It has exported satellites and made in-orbit delivery of Nigeria’s communications satellite, Venezuela’s remote-sensing satellite-1, Bolivia’s communications satellite, Laos’ communications satellite-1 and Belarus’ communications satellite-1. In addition, it provided commercial launch service for Turkey’s Gokturk-2 earth observation satellite, and when launching its own satellites took on small satellites for Ecuador, Argentina, Poland, Luxembourg and other countries. It has also provided business services concerning space information.
（三）未來五年重點合作領域
Key areas for future cooperation
未來五年，中國將以更加積極開放的姿態，在以下重點領域廣泛開展國際空間交流與合作：
In the next five years, China will, with a more active and open attitude, conduct extensive international exchanges and cooperation concerning space in the following key areas:
——“一帶一路”空間信息走廊建設，包括對地觀測、通信廣播、導航定位等衛星研製，地面和應用系統建設，應用產品開發等。
– Construction of the Belt and Road Initiative Space Information Corridor, including earth observation, communications and broadcasting, navigation and positioning, and other types of satellite-related development; ground and application system construction; and application product development.
——金磚國家遙感衛星星座建設。
– Construction of the BRICS remote-sensing satellite constellation.
——亞太空間合作組織聯合多任務小衛星星座和大學生小衛星項目建設。
– Construction of the APSCO Joint Small Multi-mission Satellite Constellation Program and University Small Satellite Project Development.
——月球、火星等深空探測工程與技術合作。
– The Moon, Mars and other deep space exploration programs and technical cooperation.
——載人航天空間實驗室、空間站建設及應用。
– Inclusion of a space laboratory and a space station in China’s manned spaceflight program.
——空間科學衛星、遙感衛星、有效載荷等工程研製。
– Research and development of a space science satellite, a remote-sensing satellite, payloads, etc.
——數據接收站、通信關口站等地面基礎設施建設。
– Construction of ground infrastructure such as data receiving stations and communications gateway stations.
——對地觀測、通信廣播、導航定位等衛星應用。
– Satellite applications, including earth observation, communications and broadcasting, navigation and positioning.
——空間科學探索研究。
– Exploration and research on space science.
——航天發射及搭載服務。
– Launching and carrying services.
——航天測控支持。
– Space TT&C support.
——空間碎片監測、預警、減緩及防護。
– Space debris monitoring, early warning, mitigation and protection.
——空間天氣領域合作。
– Space weather cooperation.
——衛星整星、衛星及運載火箭分系統、零部件、電子元器件、地面設施設備等產品進出口和技術合作。
– Import and export of and technical cooperation in the field of whole satellites, sub-systems, spare parts and electronic components of satellites and launch vehicles, ground facilities and equipment, and related items.
——空間法律、空間政策、航天標準研究。
– Research on space law, policy and standards.
——航天領域人員交流與培訓等。
– Personnel exchanges and training in the space field.
結束語
Conclusion
當今世界，越來越多的國家高度重視並積極參與航天事業發展，航天技術已廣泛應用於人們日常生活的方方面面，對人類社會生產生活方式產生重大而深遠的影響。
In the present-day world, more and more countries are attaching importance to and taking an active part in developing space activities. Moreover, space technology is being widely applied in all aspects of our daily life, exerting a major and far-reaching influence on social production and lifestyle.
和平探索和利用外層空間是人類不懈的追求。站在新的歷史起點上，中國將加快推動航天事業發展，積極開展國際空間交流與合作，使航天活動成果在更廣範圍、更深層次、更高水平上服務和增進人類福祉，同各國一道，不斷把人類和平與發展的崇高事業推向前進。
It is mankind’s unremitting pursuit to peacefully explore and utilize outer space. Standing at a new historical starting line, China is determined to quicken the pace of developing its space industry, and actively carry out international space exchanges and cooperation, so that achievements in space activities will serve and improve the well-being of mankind in a wider scope, at a deeper level and with higher standards. China will promote the lofty cause of peace and development together with other countries.
