駐英國大使劉曉明英中貿易協會歡迎午宴講話
尊敬的白樂威爵士，各位企業家朋友，女士們，先生們：
Sir David Brewer, Members of the business community, Ladies and Gentlemen,
首先感謝英中貿協爲我舉行盛大的歡迎宴會，我深感榮幸。我認爲這不僅僅是對我個人的熱烈歡迎，而是對我代表的國家—中國的熱烈歡迎。
May I start by thanking China-Britain Business Council (CBBC) for hosting today's lunch. This is not only a gesture of welcome for me personally but also a reflection of CBBC's long-standing commitment to China-UK relations.
我是於三周前抵英履新的。臨來前，聽說一些英國朋友曾好奇地問，中國爲什麼派一位駐朝鮮大使轉任駐英國大使？顯然他們想知道英國和朝鮮有什麼相同點？從表面看，英國和朝鮮可能截然不同：朝鮮在亞洲，英國屬歐洲；朝鮮四季分明，英國的天氣有點“獨特”。但我抵達倫敦後，確實發現英國和朝鮮之間“鮮明”的相似，這就是對紅色的喜愛。朝鮮就不必說了。紅色在英國也隨處可見。紅色的公共汽車、電話亭和郵筒，這是倫敦的標誌物；阿森納、曼聯、利物浦足球隊是紅色的；匯豐銀行、特易購（TESCO）、沃達豐（VODAFONE）等企業標誌是紅色的；我剛去拜會了上院議長，發現英國上院也是紅色的。當然我們不該忘了今天活動的主辦者—英中貿協的徽標也是紅色的。看來，紅色使英國和朝鮮找到了共同點。不僅於此，我們中國人也非常喜愛紅色，因爲紅色象徵幸運、幸福和繁榮。
Before I came here, I heard that some British friends asked why China should send someone from Pyongyang to serve in London? Apparently, they were keen to know if there were any similarities between Pyongyang and London. On the face of it, there might not seem to be that many similarities. For a start one country is in Asia and the other in Europe. The DPRK has distinct seasons, while I am told in the UK the weather is, well, unique. But only after my arrival, did I discover that both countries like the colour red. In the DPRK needless to say, one sees red wherever one goes. And then I come to London, and red is everywhere! One can see red double-deckers, red telephone booths and red post boxes, which are distinctive symbols of London. Well-known football teams like Arsenal, Manchester United and Liverpool have red logos, so have leading companies such as HSBC, TESCO, and Vodafone. In fact I just came from a meeting with the Lord Speaker only to discover the House of Lords is red, too. Naturally our host today the CBBC also has red in its logo. So you see, red is what unites both countries. And where do I fit in to all this? Well, I needn't tell you how much we prize the colour red back home. For us it means luck and happiness and prosperity.
讓我們回到中國的主題！
Well, let me come back to China.
不久前，溫家寶總理在兩會的記者招待會上表示，“2009年是進入新世紀以來中國經濟最爲困難的一年，2010年將是中國經濟最爲複雜的一年”。我注意到許多英國媒體都引用了這句話。
Premier Wen Jiabao recently made a much publicized comment about the Chinese economy, saying that 2009 has been the Most difficult year so far in the new century, and 2010 would be the year when China faces the most complicated economic landscape.
溫總理爲什麼這麼說？2009年初，由於國際金融危機蔓延，中國經濟深受影響，出口大幅下滑，一些行業產能過剩，部分企業經營困難，就業形勢十分嚴峻。但針對困難形勢，中國政府出手快、出拳重，通過採取一攬子措施，中國的經濟率先企穩回升。2009年，中國GDP增長了8.7%，超過了8%的預期目標。
Why should the Premier say so? The Chinese economy was hit hard in the beginning of 2009, with export sliding, serious difficulty for many companies and rising employment pressure. The Chinese government responded with a decisive stimulus package, which brought about 8.7% growth, exceeding the 8% target.
2010年，雖然世界經濟出現整體復甦的形勢，但復甦仍很脆弱，形勢還可能出現反覆，甚至二次探底。中國經濟雖然出現了企穩回升，但是許多企業的經營狀況還沒有根本好轉，它們主要靠政策的支撐。爲此，中國政府堅持把轉變發展方式、調整結構放在重要位置，改變中國經濟發展的不平衡、不協調和不可持續的問題。溫家寶總理強調，中國今年必須着重處理好保持經濟平穩較快發展、調整經濟結構和管理好通脹預期三者的關係，從中走出一條光明的道路。
In 2010, the global economic recovery has so far remained fragile. And in China many companies are still reliant on policy support. The focus this year in China is to strike a proper balance between fast growth, adjusting economic structure and managing inflation. And this is by no means easy.
隨着中國的發展，中國與世界的關係已經發生了歷史性變化，中國經濟已經成爲世界經濟的重要組成部分，中國已經成爲國際體系的重要成員，因此外界也在密切地關注着中國。我們歡迎外界對中國善意、建設性的意見和批評。但也必須實事求是地看待和分析。最近我就聽到了一些關於中國的說法，歸納起來有三條：
As the financial crisis has shown, the Chinese economy is now very much a part of the global economy. There is understandably greater interest among the outside world in China, and how it relates to other countries in fostering global recovery. Here I would like to briefly address three recent perceptions of China in Western countries.
第一個說法是中國對外“強硬”了（Assertive）。根據牛津字典的解釋，Assertive是指“表現堅強和自信的性格”；（Showing a strong and confident personality）。那麼，這到底是在批評中國，還是在表揚中國呢？如果是批評，難道中國在涉及自己主權和領土完整等核心利益的問題上堅強和自信不對嗎？爲什麼有人總是期望中國對外軟弱？“軟弱”難道符合中國的利益？且不論強硬到底什麼意思，我願強調的是，中國外交政策沒有變化，中國外交的基本思想仍是堅持和平發展、謀求合作與和諧，實現互利共贏。
First, the perception that China has become more assertive. I can assure you that there has been no change in China's foreign policy. Promoting peace and development, cultivating cooperation and harmony remains the guiding principle in China's foreign policy. Yet like other countries, China needs to stand up for its principles and core interests.
第二個說法是中國投資環境差了。他們指的大概是谷歌和力拓事件，但事實勝於雄辯。最近有一項調查顯示，90%受訪的外資企業表示，中國仍是全球首選的投資地。去年，中國吸引的外資額繼續在發展中國家中居首位，超過900億美元。
Second, the perception that the investment climate in China is deteriorating. Some may have in mind cases like Google and Rio Tinto. Facts speak louder than words. A recent survey shows that 90% of foreign companies interviewed consider China a top place for their investment. China remained the biggest recipient of FDI among developing countries last year, attracting US$ 90 billion in investment.
中國實施對外開放的方針沒有變，也不會變。改革開放是中國的基本國策，是人心所向。正是因爲中國32年的改革開放政策，中國纔會發生翻天覆地的變化，經濟飛速發展，綜合國力增強，人民生活水平大大提高。胡錦濤總書記曾明確指出，中國將堅持改革開放政策，停頓和倒退沒有出路。中國沒有也不會“開歷史的倒車”。
Opening up remains China's basic state policy and enjoys the support of the Chinese people. China's change and progress in the past 32 years would be unthinkable without opening up. As President Hu Jintao pointed out, suspension or backtracking of reform is not an option.
我特別注意到，最近英國駐華大使館網站在做一個“英國人在中國”的專欄，很多英國人介紹了自己在中國的成功故事。其中有一個叫鄧肯•克拉克（Duncan Clark）的企業家，他1994年來到北京，從事中國互聯網和電子商務開發，曾與阿里巴巴的馬雲一起共同創業，如今他是北京英國商會的副主席。克拉克說，“居住在當今的中國，就像是在觀看一部引人入勝的影片，很難讓人在中途起身離開”。看來，並不是所有人都在抱怨中國市場環境，更不是所有人都準備“中途離開”。
I can also site the example of a British businessman Mr Duncan Clark, who came to Beijing in 1994 to develop e-commerce in China. He is now the Vice President of the British Chamber of Commerce in Beijing. "Living in China today," he said, "is like watching a gripping film-it's just too hard to get up and leave half-way." The key is to make the most out of the opportunities that clearly exist in China.第三個說法是人民幣該升值了。就在10天前，溫家寶總理在記者招待會上對這個問題作了明確闡述。人民幣匯率機制改革是從2005年7月份開始的，到現在人民幣的幣值對美元升值21%，實際有效匯率升值16%。在國際金融危機爆發和蔓延期間，人民幣匯率保持基本穩定對世界經濟復甦做出了重要貢獻。2008年7月到2009年2月，也就是世界經濟極爲困難的時期，人民幣並沒有貶值，而實際有效匯率升值14.5%。
Third, the perception that RMB should be revalued. Last weekend in a press conference, Premier Wen gave a clear explanation of this issue. Since July 2005 when reform started, RMB has appreciated by 21% against the US dollar, or 16% in real terms. Between July 2008 and February 2009 when the global economy was in the most difficult phase, the real exchange rate of RMB rose by 14.5%. A basically stable RMB has contributed to the recovery of the global economy.
一國的匯率是由一國的經濟決定的，匯率的變動也是由經濟的綜合情況來決定的。我們主張自由貿易，無意利用人民幣匯率來維持貿易競爭優勢。舉一組數據：2009年，中國外貿出口下降了16%，但是進口只降低了11%，順差減少了1020億美元。去年美國對外出口整體下降17%，但對中國出口僅下降0.23%。歐盟對華出口額甚至增長了4％，英國對華出口也增長了5.3%。今年前兩個月，中國進口增長高達64%，比出口增速高出32個百分點，貿易順差減少50.5%。總之，人民幣將繼續堅持以市場供求爲基礎、有管理的浮動匯率制度，中國將進一步推進人民幣匯率形成機制的改革，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩定。
China is a supporter of free trade and has no intention to gain undue advantage through the exchange rate. Let me cite a set of figures. US export to China last year dropped by a mere 0.23% compared with 17% drop overall. According to British figures, British export to China even grew 5.3%. In the first two months of the year, China's import went up 64%, 32 percentage points higher than its export growth. All in all, China will continue to reform the RMB exchange rate regime and keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate level.
上述這些問題，如果歸結爲一條，那就是中國與西方關係的問題，中西方關係到底是競爭關係，還是合作關係？從微觀層面看，特別是從各自企業層面看，我不否認存在競爭，市場經濟本身就是競爭經濟，這就是亞當•斯密在《國富論》提出的“看不見的手”。但亞當•斯密在《道德情操論》又提出了“另一隻看不見的手”，就是人們在相互競爭獲取財富的過程中，同時也在實現着人類福祉這一更大的社會目的。因此從宏觀層面看，中西方關係不是“零和遊戲”，是既競爭，又合作，從而實現着互利共贏、共同發展。這就是中國人說的，“一榮俱榮，一損俱損”。
The above trends in Western opinion of China indicate a deeper challenge of our relationship. We both understand the need to develop a stable and effective partnership between China and the West in an era of globalization. And we both have deep held principles and ideas in dealing with each other. We need to work harder to increase mutual understanding and trust and learn to address differences in a constructive way. Only by doing so can we ensure stable and sound development of our relations. This is true of China's relations with the West in general and with Britain as well.
女士們、先生們，
在中西方關係中，中國和英國的關係是一組重要的大國關係。我到英國後，不少人對我說：“你來得正是時候！”我問爲什麼？他們告訴我，一是因爲英國將要進行大選，由於主要黨派勢均力敵，這次大選很有看頭。二是因爲中英關係剛剛經歷了一些波折，處在關鍵的節點。
I have come at an interesting time in our relationship. It's an election year in Britain. And China-UK relations have just emerged from recent twists and turns.
大選我不便評論，我想就中英關係談幾點看法：
首先、中國和英國都是偉大的國家，兩國都有悠久的歷史和燦爛的文化。自1793年兩國首次正式接觸起，兩國關係經歷了風風雨雨217年。目前，中英關係正處在歷史上的最好時期。
其次，中英在世界上都具有重要地位和影響，都致力於促進世界的和平和穩定，兩國關係具有戰略和全球意義。就在上週，中英舉行了提升級別後的首次戰略對話，進一步表明兩國都將對方視爲戰略伙伴。
第三，中英目前合作呈“百花齊放”的特點，經貿、金融、教育、文化、科技、衛生和可持續發展等各領域合作全面、深入。雙方在國際和全球事務中保持着密切磋商與協調。很多國際問題的解決，都既離不開英國，也離不開中國。
This has been in the context of growing mutually beneficial cooperation in a wide range of areas such as trade and investment, education, culture, science & technology, and sustainable development.
第四，中英關係越來越成熟穩定。儘管去年底中英間出現了一些分歧，但我們看到兩國關係的基本面沒有改變，各領域合作仍在深入發展。米利班德外交大臣剛剛成功訪華，雙方一致認爲應加強溝通與合作，使中英關係翻開新的一頁。
I must say that our relationship remains fundamentally sound. It has gone way beyond the bilateral level and has taken on greater global and strategic significance. Only last week, during Secretary Miliband's visit to China, the two sides agreed to upgrade the level of our strategic dialogue. This shows the importance both sides place on our relationship and its growing maturity.
中方願與英方站在新的歷史起點上，加強兩國政治互信，深化各領域合作，擴大戰略共識和利益，推動兩國關係不斷向前發展，促進世界的和平、穩定和繁榮。這也是我作爲新任中國駐英國大使的使命，我將矢志不渝，鞠躬盡瘁。
As the new Chinese Ambassador to Britain, my mission is to work with the British side to enhance dialogue, deepen cooperation in key areas and expand mutual understanding and trust. I will always stay on course and work to the best of my efforts.
中英經貿關係是兩國關係的重要基礎。英國是自由貿易思想的發源地，而中國是新興的貿易大國，中英都堅決反對貿易保護主義，努力推動多哈回合儘早取得成果，兩國具有牢固的共同利益。目前，英國仍是歐盟內最大的對華投資國，累計項目超過6000個，總投資額達到164億美元。英國也是中國投資最多的歐洲國家，倫敦已經成爲中國企業向歐洲拓展時最受青睞的目的地。
One of the priority areas I would like to talk about is trade and investment ties between our two countries. With a total investment of US$ 16.4 billion, Britain remains the biggest EU investor in China. It has also received more Chinese investment than any other EU country.
但我們也必須看到，中英貿易規模仍然較小，去年雙邊貿易額爲391億美元，只佔中國對外貿易總量的1.7%，英國對外貿易總量的4%不到。這主要是由於語言、信息、人才等障礙，兩國廣大中、小企業相互瞭解不夠，尚未實現完全對接；兩國缺少標誌性的合作大項目；英方企業在對華高技術出口方面仍受一些限制等。
On the other hand, China-UK trade is still small. Our trade last year accounted for 1.7% of China's total trade and less than 4% of Britain's. There are still barriers in language, information, knowledge and personnel between business communities of the two countries, particularly among the SMEs. British companies are still subject to certain restrictions in high-tech export to China.
我認爲發展中英經貿合作的關鍵是抓住重大機遇，找到利益契合點，瞄準合作突破口，尋求新的增長點。
The key to expanding economic and trade cooperation, in my view, lies in identifying areas where progress can be made and fostering new areas of growth.
第一，要抓住上海世博會的機遇。上海世博會現在已有190多個國家、50多個國際組織報名參加，世博會期間將舉行188場國家館日、39個國際組織的榮譽日活動，將吸引7000萬中國和世界各地的參觀者。英國的蒲公英館將成爲世博會的亮點之一。中英雙方應在世博會方面加強溝通和協調，共同擴大經貿推介活動的效果，促進兩國企業藉助世博會平臺共尋商機、共謀合作。
First, we should seize the opportunity of the Shanghai Expo. More than 190 countries and over 50 international organizations have signed up to the Expo and 70 million Chinese and foreign visitors are expected to come. The British Dandelion Pavilion has caught much attention from the Chinese people. The two sides should work together to turn the Expo into a commercial and cultural highlight of our relationship this year.
第二，找準雙方合作的契合點。中國政府正在大力推動產業調整，振興鋼鐵、汽車、造船、石化、輕工、紡織、有色金屬、裝備製造、電子信息和物流等十大產業，加快推進企業技術改造，加快服務業發展。英國在金融服務、科技、創意和設計等領域處於世界領先水平。中英雙方要充分發揮各自產業優勢，努力實現“中國製造”和“英國設計”的結合，“中國生產”和“英國服務”的互補。
Second, the two sides should identify priority areas for cooperation. China is focusing on technical innovation of traditional sectors and the development of emerging services. Britain is the world leader in financial services, creative industry and design, and enjoys advanced technology in high-end manufacturing. There is a lot we can do to pool our strengths together. One area that holds out much promise, for example is the low-carbon economy. Britain was the first advocate of low-carbon growth. China is redoubling its efforts in energy efficiency and emission reduction. There is a solid foundation to work from and huge potential to tap.
第三，要在大項目上取得突破。儘管中英經貿合作在中國與歐盟成員中位居前列，但是除能源化工領域外，支撐中英經貿合作的大項目還不多。英國在飛機發動機、生物製藥、機電產品等行業技術先進。我們歡迎英國企業積極參與中國“大飛機”項目的研發，希望雙方加強在“高速鐵路”方面的合作，共同打造中英新標誌性合作項目，樹立合作的典範。
Third, the two sides should work for major success stories that will help lead the way. Given the nature of our economic relations, there have not been many big projects between the two sides. I hope British companies will take an active part in the R&D in China's commercial airplane project and enhance cooperation with Chinese partners in high-speed rail to cite two examples.
第四，要開展好低碳和綠色經濟等前沿領域合作。英國是低碳經濟的最早倡導者，清潔能源和低碳技術領域開發早、投入大、成果多。中國正在大力推進節能減排，包括開發低碳技術，推廣高效節能技術及發展新能源和可再生能源。雙方已在碳捕獲和儲存、清潔能源和可持續城市等領域開展了良好合作。中英應共同努力，將技術、資金和需求等各要素更好的結合，實現低碳和綠色技術的產業化和商業化，將兩國在氣候變化領域的合作做實、做大。英中貿協的各位朋友們，你們長期以來致力於擴大中英經貿互利合作，爲推動中英雙邊關係的良好發展做出了巨大貢獻，爲此，我向你們表示崇高的敬意和衷心的感謝。在今後的歲月裏，我願與你們攜起手來，相互支持和配合，共同把中英經貿合作推到新的水平，使兩國關係更加牢不可破。
In all these years, the CBBC has been our reliable partner and I will count on your continued support in the months and years to come. My colleagues and I will also be happy to assist you wherever possible. I look forward to working with you to further our trade and investment relationship and better serve the interests of our two peoples.
謝謝！
Thank you.
