中國北斗衛星導航系統（中英對照白皮書）

中國北斗衛星導航系統
China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
中華人民共和國國務院新聞辦公室
The State Council Information Office of the People’s Republic of China
2016年6月
June 2016
目錄
Contents
前言
Preface
一、發展目標與原則
I. Goals and Principles of Development
二、持續建設和發展北斗系統
II. Development of the BDS
三、提供可靠安全的衛星導航服務
III. Reliable and Safe Satellite Navigation Services
四、推動北斗系統應用與產業化發展
IV. BDS Application and Industrial Development
五、積極促進國際合作與交流
V. International Cooperation and Exchanges
結束語
Conclusion
前言
Preface
北斗衛星導航系統（以下簡稱北斗系統）是中國着眼於國家安全和經濟社會發展需要，自主建設、獨立運行的衛星導航系統，是爲全球用戶提供全天候、全天時、高精度的定位、導航和授時服務的國家重要空間基礎設施。
The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (hereinafter referred to as the BDS) has been independently constructed and operated by China with an eye to the needs of the country’s national security and economic and social development. As a space infrastructure of national significance, the BDS provides all-time, all-weather and high-accuracy positioning, navigation and timing services to global users.

20世紀後期，中國開始探索適合國情的衛星導航系統發展道路，逐步形成了三步走發展戰略：2000年年底，建成北斗一號系統，向中國提供服務；2012年年底，建成北斗二號系統，向亞太地區提供服務；計劃在2020年前後，建成北斗全球系統，向全球提供服務。
In the late 20th century, China started to explore a path to develop a navigation satellite system suitable for its national conditions, and gradually formulated a three-step strategy of development: to complete the construction of the BDS-1 and provide services to the whole country by the end of 2000; to complete the construction of the BDS-2 and provide services to the Asia-Pacific region by the end of 2012; and to complete the construction of the BDS and provide services worldwide around 2020.
隨着北斗系統建設和服務能力的發展，相關產品已廣泛應用於交通運輸、海洋漁業、水文監測、氣象預報、測繪地理信息、森林防火、通信時統、電力調度、救災減災、應急搜救等領域，逐步滲透到人類社會生產和人們生活的方方面面，爲全球經濟和社會發展注入新的活力。
Along with the development of the BDS project and service ability, related products have been widely applied in communication and transportation, marine fisheries, hydrological monitoring, weather forecasting, surveying, mapping and geographic information, forest fire prevention, time synchronization for communication systems, power dispatching, disaster mitigation and relief, emergency search and rescue, and other fields. These products are gradually penetrating every aspect of social production and people’s life, injecting new vitality into the global economy and social development.
衛星導航系統是全球性公共資源，多系統兼容與互操作已成爲發展趨勢。中國始終秉持和踐行“中國的北斗，世界的北斗”的發展理念，服務“一帶一路”建設發展，積極推進北斗系統國際合作。與其他衛星導航系統攜手，與各個國家、地區和國際組織一起，共同推動全球衛星導航事業發展，讓北斗系統更好地服務全球、造福人類。
Navigation satellite systems are public resources shared by the whole globe, and multi-system compatibility and interoperability has become a trend. China applies the principle that “The BDS is developed by China, and dedicated to the world” to serve the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (“Belt and Road Initiative” for short), and actively pushes forward international cooperation related to the BDS. As the BDS joins hands with other navigation satellite systems, China will work with all other countries, regions and international organizations to promote global satellite navigation development and make the BDS better serve the world and benefit mankind.一、發展目標與原則
I. Goals and Principles of Development
中國高度重視北斗系統建設，將北斗系統列爲國家科技重大專項，支撐國家創新發展戰略。
China lays store by the construction of the BDS, ranking it one of its national key technical projects that supports its innovative development strategy.
（一）發展目標
(I) Goals of Development
建設世界一流的衛星導航系統，滿足國家安全與經濟社會發展需求，爲全球用戶提供連續、穩定、可靠的服務；發展北斗產業，服務經濟社會發展和民生改善；深化國際合作，共享衛星導航發展成果，提高全球衛星導航系統的綜合應用效益。
Building a world-class navigation satellite system to meet the needs of the country’s national security as well as economic and social development, and providing continuous, stable and reliable services for global users; developing BDS-related industries to support China’s economic and social development, as well as improvement of people’ s living standards; and enhancing international cooperation to share the fruits of development in the field of satellite navigation, increasing the comprehensive application benefits of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).
（二）發展原則
(II) Principles of Development
中國堅持“自主、開放、兼容、漸進”的原則建設和發展北斗系統。
China upholds the principles of “independence, openness, compatibility and gradualness” in the BDS construction and development.
——自主。堅持自主建設、發展和運行北斗系統，具備向全球用戶獨立提供衛星導航服務的能力。
– By “independence,” it means to uphold independent construction, development and operation of the BDS, and acquire the capability to independently provide satellite navigation services to global users.
——開放。免費提供公開的衛星導航服務，鼓勵開展全方位、多層次、高水平的國際合作與交流。
– By “openness,” it means to provide open satellite navigation services free of charge, and encourage all-scale, multilevel and high-quality international cooperation and exchange.
——兼容。提倡與其他衛星導航系統開展兼容與互操作，鼓勵國際合作與交流，致力於爲用戶提供更好的服務。
– By “compatibility,” it means to enhance BDS compatibility and interoperability with other navigation satellite systems, and encourage international cooperation and exchanges, so as to provide better services to users.
——漸進。分步驟推進北斗系統建設發展，持續提升北斗系統服務性能，不斷推動衛星導航產業全面、協調和可持續發展。
– By “gradualness,” it means to carry out the BDS project step by step, enhance BDS service performance, and boost the development of satellite navigation industry in a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable manner.
二、持續建設和發展北斗系統
II. Development of the BDS
中國始終立足於國情國力，堅持自主創新、分步建設、不斷完善北斗系統。
Based on its national conditions, China has independently developed the BDS step by step with constant improvement.
（一）實施“三步走”發展戰略
(I) Three-Step Strategy of Development
——第一步，建設北斗一號系統（也稱北斗衛星導航試驗系統）。1994年，啓動北斗一號系統工程建設；2000年，發射2顆地球靜止軌道衛星，建成系統並投入使用，採用有源定位體制，爲中國用戶提供定位、授時、廣域差分和短報文通信服務；2003年，發射第三顆地球靜止軌道衛星，進一步增強系統性能。
– The first step is to construct the BDS-1 (also known as BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System). The project was started in 1994, and the system was completed and put into operation in 2000 with the launching of two Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites. With an active-positioning scheme, the system provided users in China with positioning, timing, wide-area differential and short message communication services. The third GEO satellite was launched in 2003, which further enhanced the system’s performance.
——第二步，建設北斗二號系統。2004年，啓動北斗二號系統工程建設；2012年年底，完成14顆衛星（5顆地球靜止軌道衛星、5顆傾斜地球同步軌道衛星和4顆中圓地球軌道衛星）發射組網。北斗二號系統在兼容北斗一號技術體制基礎上，增加無源定位體制，爲亞太地區用戶提供定位、測速、授時、廣域差分和短報文通信服務。
– The second step is to construct the BDS-2. The project was started in 2004, and by the end of 2012 a total of 14 satellites – 5 GEO satellites, 5 Inclined Geosynchronous Satellite Orbit (IGSO) satellites and 4 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites – had been launched to finish the space constellation deployment. Based on a technical scheme which was compatible with the BDS-1, the BDS-2 added the passive-positioning scheme, and provided users in the Asia-Pacific region with positioning, velocity measurement, timing, wide-area differential and short message communication services.
——第三步，建設北斗全球系統。2009年，啓動北斗全球系統建設，繼承北斗有源服務和無源服務兩種技術體制；計劃2018年，面向“一帶一路”沿線及周邊國家提供基本服務；2020年前後，完成35顆衛星發射組網，爲全球用戶提供服務。
– The third step is to construct the BDS. The project was started in 2009 to inherit the technical schemes of both active and passive services. The goal is to provide basic services to the countries along the Belt and Road and in neighboring regions by 2018, and to complete the constellation deployment with the launching of 35 satellites by 2020 to provide services to global users.
（二）北斗系統的基本組成
(II) Main Composition of the BDS
北斗系統由空間段、地面段和用戶段三部分組成。
The BDS is mainly comprised of three segments: space segment, ground segment and user segment.
——空間段。北斗系統空間段由若干地球靜止軌道衛星、傾斜地球同步軌道衛星和中圓地球軌道衛星三種軌道衛星組成混合導航星座。
– The space segment. The BDS space segment is a hybrid navigation constellation consisting of GEO, IGSO and MEO satellites.
——地面段。北斗系統地面段包括主控站、時間同步/注入站和監測站等若干地面站。
– The ground segment. The BDS ground segment consists of various ground stations, including master control stations, time synchronization/uplink stations, and monitoring stations.
——用戶段。北斗系統用戶段包括北斗兼容其他衛星導航系統的芯片、模塊、天線等基礎產品，以及終端產品、應用系統與應用服務等。
– The user segment. The BDS user segment consists of various kinds of BDS basic products, including chips, modules and antennae, as well as terminals, application systems and application services, which are compatible with other systems.
（三）北斗系統的發展特色
(III) Characteristics of the BDS
北斗系統的建設實踐，實現了在區域快速形成服務能力、逐步擴展爲全球服務的發展路徑，豐富了世界衛星導航事業的發展模式。
The BDS development follows a model of developing regional service capacities, then gradually extending the service globally. This practice has enriched the development models for navigation satellite systems worldwide.
北斗系統具有以下特點：一是北斗系統空間段採用三種軌道衛星組成的混合星座，與其他衛星導航系統相比高軌衛星更多，抗遮擋能力強，尤其低緯度地區性能特點更爲明顯。二是北斗系統提供多個頻點的導航信號，能夠通過多頻信號組合使用等方式提高服務精度。三是北斗系統創新融合了導航與通信能力，具有實時導航、快速定位、精確授時、位置報告和短報文通信服務五大功能。
The BDS possesses the following characteristics: First, its space segment is a hybrid constellation consisting of satellites in three kinds of orbits. In comparison with other navigation satellite systems, the BDS operates more satellites in high orbits to offer better anti-shielding capabilities, which is particularly observable in terms of performance in the low-latitude areas. Second, the BDS provides navigation signals of multiple frequencies, and is able to improve service accuracy by using combined multi-frequency signals. Third, the BDS integrates navigation and communication capabilities for the first time, and has five major functions - real-time navigation, rapid positioning, precise timing, location reporting and short message communication services.
（四）持續提升北斗系統性能
(IV) Improvement of BDS Performance
爲滿足日益增長的用戶需求，北斗系統將加強衛星、原子鐘、信號體制等方面的技術研發，探索發展新一代導航定位授時技術，持續提升服務性能。
To meet the increasing user demand, BDS technical research and development in the areas of satellites, atomic clocks and signals will be strengthened, and a new generation of navigation, positioning and timing technologies will be explored to improve service performance.
——提供全球服務。發射新一代導航衛星，研製更高性能的星載原子鐘，進一步提高衛星性能與壽命，構建穩定可靠的星間鏈路；增發更多的導航信號，加強與其他衛星導航系統的兼容與互操作，爲全球用戶提供更好的服務。
– Providing global services. China will launch new-generation navigation satellites, develop airborne atomic clocks with enhanced performance, further improve the performance and lifetime of satellites, and build more stable and reliable inter-satellite links. It will broadcast additional navigation signals, and enhance the compatibility and interoperability with other navigation satellite systems, so as to provide better services for global users.
——增強服務能力。大力建設地面試驗驗證系統，實現星地設備全覆蓋測試驗證；持續建設完善星基和地基增強系統，大幅提高系統服務精度和可靠性；優化位置報告及短報文通信技術體制，擴大用戶容量，拓展服務區域。
– Strengthening service capabilities. China will establish a grounded test and validation bed to accomplish the full coverage of tests and validation for space and ground equipment; continue to build and improve satellite based and ground based augmentation systems to substantially enhance BDS service accuracy and reliability; optimize the technical system of location reporting and short message communication to expand user volume and service coverage.
——保持時空基準。北斗系統時間基準（北斗時），溯源於協調世界時，時差信息在導航電文中發播；推動與其他衛星導航系統開展時差監測，提高兼容與互操作。發展基於北斗系統的全球位置標識體系，推動北斗系統座標框架與其他衛星導航系統的互操作，並不斷精化參考框架。
– Maintaining spatio-temporal reference. The BDT is related to the Coordinated Universal Time, and the time bias information is broadcast in the navigation message. China will push forward the clock bias monitoring with other navigation satellite systems, and improve their compatibility and interoperability. It will develop a BDS-based worldwide location identification system, increase the interoperability between BDS coordinate frame and that of other navigation satellite systems, and constantly refine the reference frame.三、提供可靠安全的衛星導航服務
III. Reliable and Safe Satellite Navigation Services
中國承諾採取多項措施保障系統安全穩定運行，爲用戶免費提供連續、穩定、可靠的公開服務。
China is committed to ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the BDS by taking multiple measures, and to providing continuous, stable and reliable open services to users free of charge.
（一）保障北斗系統安全穩定運行
(I) Ensuring Safe and Reliable BDS Operations
——完善運行管理機制。完善北斗系統空間段、地面段、用戶段的多方聯動的常態化機制，不斷提高大型星座系統的運行管理保障能力。
– Improving the management mechanism on operation. Perfecting a normalized multi-party response mechanism for BDS space segment, ground segment and user segment. Continuously enhancing the capability of assurance to manage the operation of large-scale constellations.
——建立監測評估網絡。建設全球連續監測評估系統，積極開展國際合作，廣泛利用國際資源，對北斗系統星座狀態、信號精度、信號質量和系統服務性能等進行全方位的監測和評估，爲用戶應用提供參考。
– Establishing a GNSS monitoring and assessment network. Constructing an international GNSS Monitoring and Assessment System, actively implementing international cooperation, extensively exploiting international resources, carrying out monitoring and assessment of the constellation status, signal accuracy, signal quality and service performance of the BDS at every scale, and providing references for users’ applications.
——採取冗餘備份手段。採用衛星在軌、地面備份策略，避免和降低衛星突發在軌故障對系統服務性能的影響；採用地面設施的冗餘備份設計，着力消除薄弱環節，增強系統可靠性。
– Taking a redundant and backup approach. Adopting a satellite backup strategy both in-orbit and on-ground to reduce and avoid the effects of emergent in-orbit satellite fault affecting service performance. Redundant and backup design is adopted to enable ground facilities to eliminate weak links, and to enhance BDS reliability.
（二）提供免費的公開服務
(II) Providing Open Services Free of Charge
目前，正在運行的北斗二號系統發播B1I和B2I公開服務信號，免費向亞太地區提供公開服務。服務區爲南北緯55度、東經55度到180度區域，定位精度優於10米，測速精度優於0.2米/秒，授時精度優於50納秒。
Currently, B1I and B2I open service signals are being broadcast by the operating BDS-2 to provide open services to the Asia-Pacific region free of charge. The services cover an area extending 55 degrees North-55 degrees South and 55 degrees East-180 degrees East, with positioning accuracy less than 10 meters, velocity measurement accuracy less than 0.2 meter per second, and timing accuracy less than 50 nanoseconds.
（三）及時發佈系統信息
(III) Disseminating BDS Information in a Timely Manner
——發佈北斗系統公開服務信號文件，爲全球研發北斗應用產品提供輸入。目前，已發佈B1I、B2I信號接口控制文件，定義了北斗二號系統衛星與用戶終端之間的接口關係，規範了信號結構、基本特性、測距碼、導航電文等內容；已發佈公開服務性能規範，定義了北斗二號系統服務覆蓋範圍、精度、連續性、可用性等性能指標。後續，將結合北斗系統建設發展持續更新和發佈。
– Publishing BDS documents related to open services and signals to provide inputs for global BDS product development efforts. The Interface Control Document of B1I and B2I signals has been published, which defines the interface specifications between the BDS-2 satellites and user terminals. It specifies the signal structures, basic characteristics, ranging codes, NAV messages and other contents. The Open Service Performance Standard has been published, which defines the service coverage area, accuracy, continuity, availability, and other performance indexes of the BDS-2. In the future, related documents will be updated and published in step with BDS construction and development.
——建立多渠道信息發佈機制。適時召開新聞發佈會，權威發佈北斗系統發展重要信息；通過北斗官方網站（網址），及時更新系統建設、運行、應用、國際合作等方面最新動態；在採取可能影響用戶服務的計劃之前，向國際社會提前發佈通告。
– Establishing a multi-channel information dissemination mechanism. China holds news conferences when appropriate to disseminate important information about BDS development, and releases the latest news of the system in a timely manner through the official BDS website () from the aspects of system construction, operation, application, and international cooperation. It also issues notifications worldwide in advance before carrying out plans which might affect user services.
（四）保護衛星導航頻譜使用
(IV) Protecting the Utilization of Radio-Navigation Satellite Frequency Spectrum
——依法保護衛星導航頻譜。根據國家無線電頻譜保護法律法規，保護北斗系統頻譜使用，保障北斗系統運行和用戶使用安全。
– Protecting the radio-navigation satellite frequency spectrum according to law. China protects the utilization of BDS frequency spectrum, and ensures the safety of BDS operation and BDS users pursuant to the national laws and regulations regarding the radio frequency spectrum.
——堅決抵制有害干擾。嚴禁生產、銷售或使用衛星導航非法干擾設備，依法查處任何影響系統運行和服務的惡意干擾行爲。
– Firmly rejecting harmful interference. China prohibits the production, sale and use of illegal interference devices, investigates and punishes in accordance with the law any hostile interference actions which affect the system operations and services.
四、推動北斗系統應用與產業化發展
IV. BDS Application and Industrial Development
中國積極培育北斗系統的應用開發，打造由基礎產品、應用終端、應用系統和運營服務構成的北斗產業鏈，持續加強北斗產業保障、推進和創新體系，不斷改善產業環境，擴大應用規模，實現融合發展，提升衛星導航產業的經濟和社會效益。
China strives to enhance BDS application development, in an effort to build a BDS industrial chain which comprises the basic products, application terminals, application systems and operational services, keeps strengthening BDS-related industrial supporting, promotion and innovation systems, continuously improves the industrial environment, expands the application scale for integrated development, and increases the economic and social benefits of the satellite navigation industry.
（一）構建產業保障體系
(I) Establishing an Industrial Supporting System
——出臺有關產業政策。中國已制定了衛星導航產業發展規劃，對衛星導航產業中長期發展進行了總體部署,鼓勵國家部門與地方政府出臺支持北斗應用與產業化發展的有關政策。
– Industrial policies. China has formulated development plans for the satellite navigation industry, making overall arrangement for medium- and long-term satellite navigation industrial development, and encourages competent departments and local governments to enact relevant policies to support BDS application and industrial development.
——營造公平的市場環境。努力建立競爭有序的導航產業發展環境，提高資源配置效益和效率；鼓勵並支持國內外科研機構、企業、高等院校和社會團體等組織，積極開展北斗應用開發，充分釋放市場活力。
– Equitable market environment. China is making efforts to build a development environment for the satellite navigation industry marked by orderly competition, and increase the efficiency and effectiveness of resource allocation. It encourages and supports domestic and overseas organizations, including scientific research institutions, enterprises, colleges, universities and social organizations, to actively develop BDS applications, and fully release market vitality.
——加強標準化建設。2014年，成立了全國北斗衛星導航標準化技術委員會，建立並完善北斗衛星導航標準體系，推動標準驗證與實施，着力推進基礎、共性、急需標準的制（修）訂，全面提升衛星導航標準化發展的整體質量效益。
– Standardization process. In 2014 the National Technical Committee on BeiDou Satellite Navigation of Standardization Administration of China was established, and the BeiDou Satellite Navigation Standard System was set up, which has been constantly improved. China promotes the standards verification and implementation, and expedites the formulation and revision of standards which are fundamental, generally applicable and in urgent need, so as to enhance the quality and benefits of the procedure-based development of satellite navigation.
——構建產品質量體系。着力建立健全衛星導航產品質量保障公共服務平臺，積極推進涉及安全領域的北斗基礎產品及重點領域應用產品的第三方質量檢測、定型及認證，規範衛星導航應用服務和運營，培育北斗品牌。逐步建立衛星導航產品檢測和認證機構，強化產品採信力度，促進北斗導航產品核心競爭力的全面提升，推動北斗導航應用與國際接軌。
– Product quality system. China is working to establish and improve a public service platform for satellite navigation product quality assurance. It also actively promotes third-party quality test, type approval and authentication efforts of BDS basic products used in the security sector and application products in key fields. It is regularizing satellite navigation application services and operations, and cultivating the BeiDou brand. It aims to gradually establish satellite navigation product test and authentication institutions, strengthen admissibility of third-party certification, promoting the upgrading of the core competitiveness of BDS products on all scales, and pushing forward BDS applications in line with international conventions.
——建設位置數據綜合服務體系。基於北斗增強系統，鼓勵採取商業模式，形成門類齊全、互聯互通的位置服務基礎平臺，爲地區、行業和大衆共享應用提供支撐服務。
– Comprehensive service system of location data. China welcomes commercial operation to be introduced to help build the basic platform of location service based on its BDS augmentation systems, which will have extensive coverage of application fields and interconnections, and provide support services to different regions and industries and to public customers.
（二）構建產業應用推進體系
(II) Establishing an Industrial Application Promotion System
——推行國家關鍵領域應用。在涉及國家安全和國民經濟發展的關鍵領域，着力推進北斗系統及兼容其他衛星導航系統的技術與產品的應用，爲國民經濟穩定安全運行提供重要保障。
– Application in key sectors. Great efforts are being made to promote the application of BDS technologies and products, which are compatible with other systems, in the key sectors related to national security and economy, to provide important assurance for the steady and safe running of the national economy.
——推進行業/區域應用。推動衛星導航與國民經濟各行業的深度融合，開展北斗行業示範，形成行業綜合應用解決方案，促進交通運輸、國土資源、防災減災、農林水利、測繪勘探、應急救援等行業轉型升級。鼓勵結合“京津冀協同發展”“長江經濟帶”以及智慧城市發展等國家區域發展戰略需求，開展北斗區域示範，推進北斗系統市場化、規模化應用，促進北斗產業和區域經濟社會發展。
– Industrial and regional applications. China is pushing forward close integration between satellite navigation and each industry in the national economy, carrying out demonstrations of BDS industrial applications, formulating comprehensive application solutions for industries, and promoting transformation and enhancement in the areas of transportation, national land resources, disaster prevention and reduction, agriculture, forestry and water conservancy, surveying and exploration, and emergency response and rescue. It encourages BDS regional application demonstrations to meet the requirements of the state strategies on regional development, such as the “Coordinated Development for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,” the building of “Yangtze River Economic Zone” and the development of smart cities. It is also promoting commercial and large-scale BDS applications, and enhancing BDS-related industries, as well as regional economic and social development.
——引導大衆應用。面向智能手機、車載終端、穿戴式設備等大衆市場，實現北斗產品小型化、低功耗、高集成，重點推動北斗兼容其他衛星導航系統的定位功能成爲車載導航、智能導航的標準配置，促進在社會服務、旅遊出行、弱勢羣體關愛、智慧城市等方面的多元化應用。
– Mass market application. The goal is to produce miniaturized, low power-consuming and highly-integrated BDS-related products, oriented to the mass market in the sectors of smart phones, vehicle-borne terminals and wearable devices. The focus is on pushing forward the adoption of satellite navigation and positioning functions based on the BDS and other compatible systems as a standard configuration in the fields of vehicle-borne and intelligent navigation, and promoting diversified applications in social services, transportation, caring for vulnerable groups, and smart cities.
（三）構建產業創新體系
(III) Establishing an Industrial Innovative System
——加強基礎產品研發。突破核心關鍵技術，開發北斗兼容其他衛星導航系統的芯片、模塊、天線等基礎產品，培育自主的北斗產業鏈。
– Research and development of basic products. To make breakthroughs in key technologies, China is developing chips, modules, antennae and other basic products based on the BDS and other compatible systems, and fostering an independent BDS industrial chain.
——鼓勵創新體系建設。鼓勵支持衛星導航應用技術重點實驗室、工程（技術）研究中心、企業技術中心等創新載體的建設和發展，加強工程實驗平臺和成果轉化平臺能力建設，扶持企業發展，加大知識產權保護力度，形成以企業爲主體、產學研用相結合的技術創新體系。
– Establishment of an innovation system. China encourages and supports the construction and development of key laboratories for satellite navigation application technologies, research centers of engineering (technology), technology centers of enterprises, and other innovative bodies, enhances the capacity of engineering experiment platforms and achievement transformation platforms, supports relevant enterprises, and makes more efforts to protect intellectual property rights, so as to form a technology innovation system which relies on the enterprise as the main body and combines the efforts of universities, research institutes and application.
——促進產業融合發展。鼓勵北斗與互聯網+、大數據、雲計算等融合發展，支持衛星導航與移動通信、無線局域網、僞衛星、超寬帶、自組織網絡等信號的融合定位及創新應用，推進衛星導航與物聯網、地理信息、衛星遙感/通信、移動互聯網等新興產業融合發展，推動大衆創業、萬衆創新，大力提升產業創新能力。
– Integrated industrial development. China encourages the integrated development of the BDS and Internet+, big data, and cloud computing, supports the integrated positioning and innovative utilization of satellite navigation together with mobile communications, WLAN, pseudo-satellites, ultra-wide band and Ad Hoc Network signals, promotes integrated development of satellite navigation and emerging industries such as the Internet of Things, geographic information, satellite remote sensing and communication, and mobile Internet, and encourages people to start their own businesses and make innovations, so as to vigorously upgrade the innovation capability of the industry.五、積極促進國際合作與交流
V. International Cooperation and Exchanges
中國將持續推動北斗系統國際化發展，積極務實開展國際合作與交流，服務“一帶一路”建設，促進全球衛星導航事業發展，讓北斗系統更好地服務全球、造福人類。
China will push forward the international development of the BDS, actively carry out international cooperation and exchanges in this field, so as to serve the Belt and Road Initiative, promote the development of global satellite navigation, and enable the BDS to serve the world and benefit mankind better.
（一）加強與其他衛星導航系統的兼容共用
(I) Strengthening Compatibility and Joint Applications with Other Navigation Satellite Systems
積極推動北斗系統與其他衛星導航系統在系統建設、應用等各領域開展全方位合作與交流，加強兼容與互操作，實現資源共享、優勢互補、技術進步，共同提高衛星導航系統服務水平，爲用戶提供更加優質多樣、安全可靠的服務。
China actively pushes forward the cooperation and exchanges between the BDS and other navigation satellite systems in the fields of system construction and application from all perspectives, strengthening compatibility and interoperability, achieving resource sharing, complementarity and technology advancement, improving the services of navigation satellite systems, and providing users with more qualified, diversified, safe and reliable services.
（二）按照國際規則合法使用頻率軌位資源
(II) Utilizing Frequency and Orbital Slot Resources According to International Rules
頻率軌位資源是有限的、寶貴的自然資源，是衛星導航系統發展的重要基礎。中國按照國際電信聯盟規則，通過友好協商開展北斗系統頻率軌位協調，積極參與國際電信聯盟規則的研究制定及有關活動，並與有關國家合作拓展衛星導航頻率資源。2000年以來，先後與20餘個國家、地區和國際組織，300餘個衛星網絡進行了有效協調。
As limited and valuable natural resources, frequencies and orbital slots provide a critical foundation for the development of navigation satellite systems. Adhering to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) rules, China works to facilitate coordination of BDS frequencies and orbital slots through negotiations, actively participates in the research and formulation of ITU rules and other relevant activities, and expands radio-navigation frequency resources through cooperation with other nations. Since 2000 China has held effective coordination activities on more than 300 satellite networks with more than 20 countries, regions and international organizations.
（三）持續推動北斗系統進入國際標準
(III) Promoting the Ratification of the BDS by International Standards
進入國際標準是北斗系統融入國際體系的重要標誌。中國高度重視並持續推動北斗系統進入國際標準化組織、行業和專業應用等國際組織。目前，積極推動北斗系統進入國際民用航空組織、國際海事組織、移動通信國際標準組織等，並鼓勵企業、科研院所和高校參與衛星導航終端和應用標準的制定。2014年11月，北斗系統獲得國際海事組織認可。
The ratification of the BDS by international standards is a milestone for the integration of the BDS into international systems. China spares no effort to get the BDS ratified by the International Organization for Standardization and other international organizations in the industrial and professional application sectors. Currently, positive efforts are being made to advance the recognition of the BDS in the International Civil Aviation Organization, International Maritime Organization, Third-Generation Mobile Communication Standard Partnership Project, and other organizations. China advocates the involvement of enterprises, scientific research, colleges and universities in the formulation of satellite navigation terminals and application standards. In November 2014 the BDS gained recognition from the International Maritime Organization.
（四）積極參與國際衛星導航領域多邊事務
(IV) Participating in Multilateral Activities in the Field of International Satellite Navigation
北斗系統作爲全球衛星導航系統核心系統之一，中國積極參與衛星導航國際事務，參加聯合國全球衛星導航系統國際委員會（ICG）以及有關國際組織活動，促進學術交流與合作，貢獻北斗力量，推動衛星導航應用。中國高度重視並積極參加聯合國工作，2012年成功主辦ICG第七屆大會，發起國際監測與評估、應用演示與用戶體驗活動等倡議，促成各衛星導航系統聯合發佈服務世界的共同宣言；每年舉辦中國衛星導航學術年會，爲世界衛星導航技術與應用發展發揮積極作用。
The BDS is one of the major GNSS providers, and China actively participates in international satellite navigation affairs, attends the activities held by the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) and other relevant international organizations, supports academic exchanges and cooperation in this area, and promotes satellite navigation applications with the contribution of the BDS. China actively takes part in relevant tasks within the orbit of the United Nations, successfully held the Seventh Meeting of the ICG in 2012, when the proposals for the international GNSS Monitoring and Assessment and the BDS/GNSS Application Demonstration and Experience Campaign were initiated, and the Joint Statement of Global Navigation Satellite Systems for serving the whole was issued. The China Satellite Navigation Conference is held annually, and plays a positive role in the development of satellite navigation technologies and applications worldwide.
（五）大力推動衛星導航國際化應用
(V) Promoting International Satellite Navigation Applications
——加強宣傳普及。持續開展“北斗行”系列宣傳推廣活動，推動建立北斗中心，讓用戶更好地瞭解北斗、感知北斗，已與多個國家合作建立北斗中心。成立北斗國際交流培訓中心，搭建衛星導航教育培訓演示平臺，持續開展學歷教育、暑期學校、短期培訓班和研討會等國際教育培訓活動。
– To intensify publicity and popularization in this field, China has implemented the “BDS Tour” series of events, pushed forward the establishment of BDS Centers to enable better understanding of the BDS. BDS Centers have been jointly set up in a number of nations. The BeiDou International Exchange and Training Center has been opened, and a demonstration platform for education and training in the field of satellite navigation has been set up. In addition, academic education, summer schools, short-term training courses and symposiums, and other international education and training activities have been regularly held.
——推動實施國際化工程。鼓勵開展國際衛星導航應用的政策、市場、法律、金融等領域的研究和諮詢服務，提升國際化綜合服務能力。服務“一帶一路”建設，與全球有意願的國家一起，共同建設衛星導航增強系統，提供高精度衛星導航、定位、授時服務，提升北斗系統海外服務性能，促進導航技術的國際化應用。通過構建高精度衛星導航、定位、授時服務運營服務平臺，開展交通運輸、大衆旅遊、海上應用、減災救災、精密農業等領域應用示範，帶動大規模應用推廣。
– To advance and implement internationalization projects, China is promoting research and consultancy services regarding the policies, markets, laws and finance related to international satellite navigation applications, and improving comprehensive international service capabilities. In line with the Belt and Road Initiative, China will jointly build satellite navigation augmentation systems with relevant nations, provide highly accurate satellite navigation, positioning and timing services, improve the overseas BDS service performances, and promote international applications of navigation technologies. China will also carry out application demonstrations in the fields of transportation, tourism, maritime application, disaster reduction and relief, and agriculture, and boost application on a large scale, through establishing an operation and service platform for highly accurate satellite navigation, positioning and timing services.
結束語
Conclusion
衛星導航系統是人類發展的共同財富，是提供全天候精確時空信息的空間基礎設施，推動了知識技術密集、成長潛力大、綜合效益好的新興產業集羣發展，成爲國家安全和經濟社會發展的重要支撐，日益改變着人類生產生活方式。
Navigation satellite systems are the common wealth of the development of mankind, and also a space infrastructure which can provide all-time precise time and space information. They promote the development of emerging industrial clusters that are technology- and knowledge-intensive with huge growth potentials and sound comprehensive benefits, thus becoming critical support for national security, economic and social development, and increasingly improve the people’ s production and living activities.
中國將堅定不移地實施北斗系統建設，不斷提升系統性能，履行服務承諾。堅持開放合作，加強推廣普及，着力促進衛星導航在全球的廣泛應用，讓衛星導航更好地惠及民生福祉、服務人類發展進步。
China will continue its BDS construction, improve the system performance, and fulfill its service commitments. It will persist in opening up and cooperation, promote the popularization in this field, strive to advance satellite navigation applications worldwide, and make satellite navigation better benefit the wellbeing of the people and the progress of mankind.