中英雙語話歷史 第50期:東晉建立
After the Western Jin was vanquished, the Han government withdrew to the east of the Yangtze River.
In 317, Sima Rui, a member of the Western Jin imperiAl family stationed in Jiankang (now Nanjing in Jiangsu), restablished the Jin government, which became known as the Eastern Jin.
公元317年，鎮守建康（今江蘇南 京）的晉宗室司馬睿在江南重建晉室，史稱東晉。Content to retain sovereignty over just a part of the Western Jin territories, the Eastern Jin lasted 103 years and was overthrown in 420 by the Song Dynasty founded by Liu Yu. Altogether the Eastern Jin lasted four generations and had eleven emperors.
東晉政權維持了長期的偏安統治，到公元420年被南朝劉裕所建立的宋所取代，共享國103年，歷四代十一帝。
In 316，after Liu Cong occupied Chang’an and captured the last Emperor of the Western Jin, Sima Ye, the Western Jin Dynasty ended. However，those former ministers of Western Jin were unwilling to yield and they endeavored hard to restore the Jin.
公元316年,劉聰攻佔長安，西晉的末代皇帝司馬鄴被俘,宣告了西晉的滅亡，但一些晉朝的舊臣並不甘心亡國的命運，仍在全國各地積極活動，準備恢復晉朝的統治。Sima Rui, the great grandson of Sima Yi, granted as the King of Langya from his father, was in charge of the defense in south of Yangzhou( now Jiangsu province) and moved his headquarters from Xiapi to Jianye( later called Jiankang, now Nanjing City).
晉元帝司馬睿，司馬懿曾孫，襲父封爲琅蚜王，都督揚州江南諸軍事，由下邳移鎮建鄴（後又改名建康，今江蘇省南京市）。After the downfall of the Western Jin, he was elected by his supporters and followers as new emperor in March,317 with Jiankang as capital.
西晉滅亡後，部下於公元317年3月擁奉他爲晉王，改年號爲“建武”，定都建康。His regime was named Jianwu and his ruling periods were called the Eastern Jin in history given the facts that the remaining Sima families restricted their power in the eastern parts of the Yangtze River.
因其繼西晉之後偏安於江南，故史家稱之爲東晉。In the Eastern Jin period, the development of powerful family reached its peak as royal power was on the wane.
東晉是門閥政治發展的鼎盛時期，皇權衰落。Without the support of the southern bureaucrats and gentry-officials, Sima Rui could not have become emperor. The early years of the Eastern Jin saw a stable period after the suppression of Wang Dun and Su Jun.
司馬睿稱帝有賴於南方官僚士族的擁戴，東晉政權建立之初，先後平息了王敦和蘇峻之亂，統治趨於穩定。Four powerful families—the Wang, the Xie, the Yu and the Huan—successively dominated the politics of the Eastern Jin court.
四大門閥大族王、謝、庾、桓先後支配着東晉王朝政局。
