中英雙語話歷史 第8期:夏朝(重大歷史事件)

After consolidating the sovereignty, Qi and the nobles began to enslave and exploit the people, and indulge in extravagant lives.

當夏王朝的統治基本穩定之後，以啓爲首的貴族統治者肆意奴役和剝削廣大庶民羣衆，過着驕奢淫逸的生活。

When Qi died, Tai Kang succeeded to the throne. Like his father, Tai Kang sought ease and comfort, and did not care for state affairs, therefore the internal conflicts intensified and the rebellions occurred continuously.

啓死後，由其子太康繼位，太康像其父 一樣也沉湎於聲色酒食之中，政事不修，促使內部矛盾日趨尖銳，外部四夷背叛。

Initially, it was the rebellion of the king^ five brothers, then the insurgence of commoners.

先有“五子”（太康的兄弟五人）爭立，接着又有武觀叛亂，百姓就藉此展開了強烈的反抗鬥爭。

Hou Yi, known as a good archer from the Youqiong clan of the Eastern Yi, witnessed the multiple conflicts. When Tai Kang went hunting for several months, he took the opportunity to command his troops and capture the capital Anyi ( the present-day Anyi County in Shanxi).

東夷族有窮氏首領后羿看到夏王朝內部矛盾重重，藉太康外出狩獵數月不歸之時,率兵奪取了都城安邑（今山西夏縣西北）。

TaiKang was unexpected to the accident, and couldn,t return home, so he had to exile and finally died in the foreign land.

太康猝不及防，無法迴歸，只得流亡，最終死在異地他鄉。

After the victory, Hou Yi dared not to take the throne immediately. He made Zhong Kang, the younger brother of Tai Kang the King.

后羿逐走太康取得勝利後，不敢馬上取而代之，於是扶持太康的兄弟仲康繼位。

Zhong Kang was weak and became the puppet of Hou Yi.

仲康懦弱，當了傀儡。

When Zhong Kang died, his Son, Hou Xiang was on the run.

仲康死後，其子相繼位。

Hou Yi thought it was the right time, then he drove Hou Xiang away and became the King.

羿認爲時機已到，遂把相趕走，自己登上王位。

This is the so-called the lost of country by Tai Kang and the replacement of Xia by Hou Yi in history books.

這就是史書上稱作“太康失國”和 “后羿代夏”的故事。

Shao Kang9s Restoration of Xia： Hou Yi was a fatuous ruler, too. The minister Hanzhuo took over power and killed him as well as his family members. Then, Hanzhuo ordered his son Jiao to kill Hou Xiang, who was taking refuge with the Zhenguan and Zhenxun clans.

少康中興：后羿也是昏君，大臣寒浞奪取王位，殺死後羿及其家人，並且下令他的兒子澆追殺相。被逐後的相投靠了斟灌氏、斟尋氏部族。

Jiao defeated Zhenguan and Zhenxun clans and killed Hou Xiang.

澆率兵打敗了斟灌氏部族，殺死了相。

Xiang's wife, already pregnant, avoided Jiao'searching and arrest, climbed through a hole in the wall and escaped to her parents, home of the Youreng tribe, where she later bore her son Shao Kang.

此時，相的妻子已身懷有孕。她避開澆的搜捕，從牆洞中偷偷爬出去，投奔到孃家仍氏，並在那裏生下兒子少康。

Growing up in a hard condition, Shao Kang studied diligently and aspired to tually, with the help of his grandfather and the loyal tribes, he expelled the treacherous court official and his son, restoring the country.

少康在艱苦的環境中長大，奮發努力學習，立志復仇雪恥。最終在外祖父的幫助以及忠心夏朝的部落支持下，少 康驅逐殺死大逆不道的奸臣以及他的兒子，中興夏朝。

With the renaissance, Shao Kang was at pains to handle government affairs, sending army to beat off insurgent troops of minorities, expanding the territory, improving the political system and laying foundation for the prosperity of the Xia Dynasty.

少康完成復國大業後，勤於政務，派遣軍隊打退少數民族叛軍的侵擾，擴大疆土，進一步完善政治制度，奠定了 夏朝盛興的基礎。

It was about 40 years from Taikang to Shao Kang.

由太康到少康，經歷了大約40年。

The tortuous and complicated struggle illustrated that there were not only class struggles but also fights inside the ruling group as well when a state was founded.

這一曲折而複雜的鬥爭事實說明，當國家開始建立的時候，就已存在着激烈的階級鬥爭和統治集團內部的鬥爭。

The Xia Dynasty could restore its dominion and gain further development, only because it had relatively solid social foundation.

夏王朝因爲擁有比較深厚的社會基礎，才能恢復它的統治，並取得進一步的發展。