中英雙語話歷史 第58期:南北朝(陳)
Chen Baxian, the founder of the Chen Dynasty, was born in a humble family of Changcheng WuXing ( now Changxing, Zhejiang province).
He gained his prestige and power when suppressing Hou Jing, the traitor.
侯景之亂爆發後，陳霸先起兵討伐侯景，逐步取得了權位。Rising from the ruin of Liang, with Xiao Cha held Jiangling, Xiao Bo in Ling Nan and some newly-borned landlords claimed sovereign over localities, Chen government directed all his efforts in eliminating the separated regimes and rehabilitation of the social groups in the early period either by means of fighting or ingratiating.
陳建國時，蕭詧據有江陵，蕭勃佔據嶺南，一些新興起的土豪還各據一方。以後，陳用籠絡和征伐兼用的辦法，相繼消滅許多割據勢力。
During the periods of emperors Wen and Xuan, Chen witnessed a more organized social orders and enhanced progress of economy.
陳朝在文帝和宣帝時期，政治情況較樑末有所改善，江南經濟逐漸得到了恢復。In 573, Wu Mingche, commander of Chen, taking the advantage of chaos in the Northern Qi, waged war against the Northern Qi and occupied Shouyang.
公元573年（太建五年），陳將吳明徹乘北齊大亂之機北伐，攻佔了壽陽等地。After the Northern Qi was destroyed by the Northern Zhou, Wu Mingche launched a second expenditure to the North and was captured in the battle in Pengcheng. Since then, the main force of Chen Dynasty was collapsed and the strength of the southern Dynasties fell into a decline.
北周滅北齊後，吳明徹再次北伐，在進攻彭城的戰鬥中失敗被俘,陳軍主力覆滅，南朝的力量更加衰弱了。In 583, the later emperor Chen Shubao came into the power, he paid no heed to the governments except hurling money on extravagant life and spectacular palace. The accumulation of the wealth was drained in the south.
公元583年，後主陳叔寶繼位，荒淫無道，不理政務，並且大修宮室，耗費了大量錢財，使經濟又遭破壞。Meanwhile, the Suin the north grew strong.
這時北方的隋朝已經強大起來。In 589,Sui directed their army southwards, entered Jian-kang and captured the last emperor. With the vanish of the Chen Dynasty, the separation which lasted for nearly three hundred years was over.
公元589年，隋軍大舉 南下，攻入建康，俘後主，陳朝滅亡，結束了中國長達近300年的分裂局面。The Southern Dynasties saw the decline of power and influence of powerful families and gentry-lords. Due to the strengthened royal power, the powerful families and gentry-lords, despite their high social status, could no longer dominate the court.
南朝的歷史是門閥士族由盛而衰的歷史，南朝的皇權比較強大，門閥士族社會地位雖然高貴，卻不能完全左右政局。Meanwhile, further development of the area in the south of the Yangtze River gave the local people opportunities to rise in power, to take positions in the government and even to serve the emperor.
隨着江南開發的不斷深人，土著寒人在政治上逐漸上升，步人官僚行列，爲皇帝所倚重。Beginning at the time of the Xiao Liang and the Chen, the southern landlords also became overwhelming local powers.
從樑陳之際開始，南方內地的土豪，也成爲割據的一方勢力。The Southern Dynasties was the second government established and ruled by Han nationality in the south following the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and its existence contributed to saving and developing Han culture.
南朝是繼東晉之後由漢族在南方建立起來的朝廷，雖然他們的存在都不過幾十年,但其作爲漢族的統治，使漢文化得以保存和發展。Without it, it was very likely that Han nationality would have been eliminated by other minorities and the brilliant cultures of Huaxia would have been taken to an end.
如果沒有它的存在，漢族則可能被其它的少數民族所消滅，華夏文明就此結束。Judging from this respect, the Southern Dynasties justified its position in Chinese history and its contribution to Huaxia culture was indelible.
所以,南朝在中國歷史上有 着極其重要的地位，爲華夏文明的發展作出了不可磨滅的貢獻。
