雙語暢銷書《艾倫圖靈傳》第7章:運轉起來(71)
Indeed, it was exactly a hundred years from the conception of the AnAlytical Engine, until there were substantially new developments either in the theory or in the construction of such a universal machine.
On the side of theory, 1937 saw the publication of Computable Numbers, which made all these ideas precise, explicit, and conscious.
1937年，《可計算數》的出版使這一切想法都變得更加精確、詳細、嚴謹。On the practical side, there had been the inevitable Looking Glass war as the revived and expanding electrical industry of the 1930s provided rival powers with new opportunities.
在實踐方面，正當30年代的經濟復甦和電子工業的發展，提供了強大的新生力量時，那場鏡中奇遇式的戰爭爆發了。
The first development had, in fact, occurred in 1937 Germany, at the Berlin home of K. Zuse, an engineer who had rediscovered many of Babbage's ideas, though not that of conditional branching.
第一個進展，發生在1937年的德國，在K.楚澤位於柏林的家裏。楚澤是一位工程師，他重拾了巴貝奇的許多觀點，但不包括條件分支。Like the Babbage machine his first design, which was actually built in 1938, was mechanical and not electrical.
他起初設計了一臺巴貝奇機，並在1938年製造出來。But he had avoided the thousands of meshing ten-spoke gear wheels that Babbage had demanded, by the simple expedient of having his machine work in binary arithmetic.
這是一臺機械機器，不是電子的，但楚澤通過使用二進制作爲權宜之計，避免了巴貝奇需要的成千上萬個齧合的十齒齒輪。This was not a deep theoretical advance, but from any practical point of view it was an immense simplification.
這在理論上並不是革命性的進展，但是從實踐的角度來看，這是極其重要的簡化。It was also a liberation from the usual engineer's assumption that numbers had to be represented in the decimal way.
一般的工程師都會用十進制來表示數字，而楚澤從中解放出來了。Alan had used the same idea at the same time in his 1937 electric multiplier.
與此同時在1937年，艾倫在他的乘法機中也採取了同樣的想法。Zuse had quickly moved on to construct further versions of his machine which made use of electromagnetic relays rather than mechanical elements.
不久之後，楚澤和他在戰前一起進行電子實驗的同事一起，改造了他的機器，利用了電磁繼電器，而不是機械組件。Zuse calculators were used in aircraft engineering but not in code-breaking; it was argued that the war would be over too soon.
楚澤計算機用於飛行器工程，而不是用於密碼破譯。諷刺的是，對於楚澤來說，戰爭似乎結束得太早了。Short-term Nazism left Zuse in 1945 desperately trying to save his work from destruction.
1945年，短命的納粹丟下了楚澤，他絕望地試圖拯救他的成果，避免被盟軍轟炸成碎片。
