溫總理在第110屆廣交會開幕式上的講話

中國面向世界的大門將永遠敞開
China will Keep its Door Open Forever

——溫家寶總理在第110屆中國進出口商品交易會開幕式暨中國加入世界貿易組織10週年論壇上的講話
--Speech by Premier Wen Jiabao at Opening Ceremony of the 110th Session of the China Import and Export Fair and the Forum on the Tenth Anniversary of China's Accession to the WTO

各位來賓，各位朋友，
女士們，先生們：

Distinguished guests,
Dear friends,
Ladies and Gentlemen,

今天我們歡聚一堂，共同慶祝第110屆中國進出口商品交易會（廣交會）隆重開幕。我對各位嘉賓表示熱烈歡迎，對長期以來爲中國外貿事業發展做出貢獻的各界人士表示崇高敬意！

Today we are joyfully gathered here to celebrate the opening of the 110th session of the China Import and Export Fair, known as the Canton Fair. I wish to begin by extending my warmest welcome to all the distinguished guests present, and paying my high tribute to the people from all circles who have made contribution to the development of China's foreign trade over the years.

廣交會是中國政府在1957年創辦的。50多年來，廣交會順應時勢變化，不斷創新辦展理念和辦展方式，不斷優化參展企業和參展商品，始終保持着旺盛的生命力和蓬勃的發展勢頭，成爲中國歷史最久、規模最大、聲譽最佳的國際著名展會，成爲中國對外貿易發展的縮影。一部廣交會的歷史，就是一部生動的新中國對外開放史。

The first Canton Fair was held in 1957 by the Chinese government. For more than 50 years, the Canton Fair has adapted itself to the changing world by constantly innovating its exhibition concept and modality and improving the quality of participating enterprises and commodities, thus maintaining its vigor and growth momentum. It has become the longest-standing international exhibition in China with the largest participation and the best reputation, as well as the microcosm of the development of China's foreign trade. The history of the Canton Fair is indeed the history of New China's openness coming alive.

展望未來，隨着中國經濟快速發展和改革開放不斷推進，廣交會面臨更加廣闊的發展前景。我們相信，廣交會一定會辦得更具特色、更上水平、更有成效，爲促進我國對外貿易發展做出更大的貢獻。

Looking ahead, with China's rapid economic development and steady deepening of reform and opening-up, the Canton Fair is faced with an even broader prospect of development. We are confident that the Fair will be elevated to higher levels with greater effectiveness and more of its unique styles, thus making a greater contribution to China's thriving trade with the rest of the world.

女士們，先生們：

Ladies and Gentlemen,

再過兩個月，我們就將迎來中國加入世貿組織10週年，這是中國對外開放進程中值得紀念的大事。如果說創辦廣交會是中國向世界打開了一扇窗，那麼加入世貿組織就是中國向世界開啓了一扇門；如果說創辦廣交會是中國向世界伸出一隻手，那麼加入世貿組織就是中國擁抱整個世界。

In two months' time, China will mark the 10th anniversary of its accession to the World Trade Organization, a momentous event in China's opening to the outside world. If we describe the Canton Fair as a window China opened to the world, then the accession to the WTO can be seen as a door China opened to the world. If we describe the Canton Fair as China extending a hand to the world, then its WTO membership is its full embrace of this world.

加入世貿組織10年來，中國的面貌發生了重大變化，中國對外經貿關係發生了重大變化，中國在世界大家庭中的地位和作用也發生了重大變化。回顧這10年曆史，我們可以得出三個重要結論：

Over the past ten years since WTO accession, China has undergone stupendous changes, so have its trade relations with the outside world and its standing and role in the world family of nations. Looking back, we may draw three important conclusions.

第一，中國是說話算數的國家，兌現了加入世界貿易組織時作出的鄭重承諾。

First, China is a country that honors its words and has fulfilled all its solemn commitments upon WTO accession.

10年來，我們全面履行諾言，逐步降低進口產品的關稅稅率，取消所有進口配額、許可證等非關稅措施，全面放開對外貿易經營權，大幅降低外資准入門檻。中國關稅總水平由15.3%降至9.8%，遠遠低於發展中國家的平均水平；中國服務貿易開放部門達到100個，接近發達國家的水平。

Over the decade, we have completely fulfilled our commitments by gradually lowering tariffs on imported goods, abolishing all import quotas, licenses and other non-tariff measures, liberalizing access to foreign trade operation, and substantially reducing the threshold for foreign investment. China's overall tariff rate has gone down from 15.3% to 9.8%, far lower than the average of developing countries. One hundred service trade sectors have been opened, which is the level close to the developed countries.

我們在擴大市場開放的同時，還致力於提高對外開放政策的穩定性、透明度和可預見性。10年來，中央政府共清理各種法律法規和部門規章2300多件，地方政府共清理地方性政策和法規19萬多件，使國內涉外經濟法律法規與我國加入世貿組織承諾相一致。

While making our market increasingly accessible, we have strived to ensure the stability, transparency and predictability of our opening policy. In ten years, China's central government has sorted out more than 2,300 pieces of laws, decrees and departmental regulations, with the local governments sorting out over 190,000 pieces of local policies and regulations, thus making China's domestic laws and regulations on foreign economic relations consistent with its WTO accession commitments.

第二，中國是勇於擔當的國家，積極承擔着與自身發展水平相稱的國際責任。

Second, China is a responsible country that has actively shouldered international responsibilities commensurate with the level of its development.

10年來，中國堅定支持世貿組織多哈回合談判，積極參與國際宏觀經濟政策協調，參與20國集團等全球經濟治理機制建設，推動國際金融體系改革，以實際行動反對貿易保護主義。在國際金融危機蔓延的時候，我國及時實施強有力的內需刺激政策，組織30多個大型採購團赴海外採購，我國進口和對外投資加快增長，爲世界經濟復甦做出了重要貢獻。中國是最早制定並實施《應對氣候變化國家方案》的發展中國家，也是近年來節能減排力度最大的國家之一。中國認真落實聯合國千年發展目標，是全球唯一提前實現貧困人口減半的國家，並根據自身能力積極開展對外援助。近10年累計對外提供各類援款1700多億元人民幣，免除50個重債窮國近300億元人民幣到期債務，承諾對最不發達國家95%以上的輸華產品實行零關稅，爲173個發展中國家和13個地區性國際組織培訓各類人員6萬多名，顯著增強了受援國的自主發展能力。

Over the decade, China has firmly supported the WTO Doha Round negotiations, taken an active part in international macro-economic policy coordination, participated in the development of the G20 and other global economic governance mechanisms, promoted reform of international financial system and taken concrete steps against trade protectionism. At the time of raging international financial crisis, China adopted timely and forceful policies to stimulate domestic demand, sent more than 30 large buying missions abroad, and stepped up import and outbound investment, thus making important contribution to world economic recovery. China was the first developing country to formulate and implement a National Climate Change Program, and has been among the champions in recent years in terms of strong efforts of energy conservation and emission reduction. Earnestly implementing the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of the United Nations, China is the only country in the world that has reduced its poor population by half ahead of schedule, and has actively offered foreign aid as its ability permits. In ten years, China has altogether provided over 170 billion RMB yuan in foreign assistance and exempted nearly 30 billion RMB yuan of matured debts incurred by 50 heavily indebted poor countries. What is more, China has pledged zero-tariff treatment to over 95% of imports from the least developed countries, and trained over 60,000 personnel from 173 developing countries and 13 regional organizations. All this has significantly built up the capacity of the recipient countries for independent development.第三，中國是致力於共同發展的國家，始終奉行平等互利、合作共贏的對外開放政策。

Third, China is dedicated to common development while always pursuing an opening-up policy based on equality, mutual benefit and win-win cooperation.

加入世貿組織對中國的積極影響是巨大而深遠的。最顯著的是，極大地促進了我國開放型經濟發展，提升了我國經濟的整體競爭力。10年來，中國貨物貿易額由世界第六位上升到第二位，其中出口躍居第一位；累計吸收外商直接投資7595億美元，居發展中國家首位；對外直接投資年均增長40%以上，2010年當年已達688億美元，居世界第五位。各個產業在激烈的國際競爭中經受了考驗。加入世貿組織給中國人民帶來許多看得見、摸得着的好處，更重要的是開闊了人們的視野，改變了人們的思想觀念，促進了中國體制改革和制度創新，大大增強了中國發展的內在動力。

The accession to the WTO has had huge and far-reaching impacts on China, the most obvious one being that China's open economy receives a great boost for development and its overall competitiveness improves. During the decade, China rose from the sixth to the second place in the world in terms of volume of trade in goods with export ranking the first. FDI totaled US$759.5 billion, the highest among developing countries. Overseas direct investment reached US$68.8 billion in 2010, the fifth largest in the world, which represented an average annual growth of over 40% various industries have weathered the fierce international competition. The WTO membership has brought the Chinese people many tangible benefits. More importantly, it has widened the horizon of our people, changed their way of thinking and promoted China's structural reform and institutional innovation, thus enhancing the inherent drive for China's future development.

中國加入世貿組織也爲世界各國帶來了實實在在的利益。這10年，中國每年平均進口7500億美元的商品，相當於爲貿易伙伴創造1400多萬個就業崗位。在華外商投資企業累計匯出利潤2617億美元，年均增長30%。中國對外投資企業聘用當地員工接近80萬人，每年在當地納稅超過100億美元。中國物美價廉的商品爲國外消費者帶來了巨大實惠，由於進口中國商品，美國消費者過去10年共節省開支6000多億美元，歐盟每個家庭每年可以節省開支300歐元。

China's WTO accession has also brought tangible benefits to many countries around the world. During the decade, China imported US$750 billion worth of goods each year on average and created more than 14 million jobs for its trading partners. Foreign invested enterprises in China remitted a total of US$261.7 billion in profits, representing an average annual growth of 30%. Chinese enterprises operating overseas employed nearly 800,000 people locally and paid over US$10 billion in taxes every year. The quality and affordable Chinese products have benefited consumers from around the world. During the decade, thanks to imported goods from China, American consumers saved more than US$600 billion in spending. Every family in the EU saved up to 300 euros every year by the same token.

實踐證明，中國擴大對外開放，惠及13億中國人民，也惠及世界各國人民。中國的發展，是和平的發展、開放的發展、合作的發展、共贏的發展。中國加入世貿組織大家庭，是中國的成功，也是世界的成功！

Facts have shown that a more open China has benefited not only the 1.3 billion people of China, but also the people around the world. China's development is peaceful, open, cooperation-based and win-win-oriented. A WTO family with China on board is a success story for both China and the world.

女士們，先生們：

Ladies and Gentlemen,

當今世界是開放的世界，經濟全球化和科技革命爲各國提供了互利合作、共同發展的有利條件。要開放、不要封閉，要發展、不要停滯，是大勢所趨、人心所向。特別是在應對國際金融危機衝擊的過程中，發展國際貿易、促進國際投資成爲推動世界經濟復甦的關鍵因素。令人憂慮的是，受種種因素干擾，全球多邊貿易體系發展坎坷，多哈回合談判一波三折、徘徊不前，貿易投資保護主義明顯擡頭，反傾銷、反補貼等貿易救濟措施屢遭濫用，貿易摩擦政治化傾向日益突出，給世界經濟復甦蒙上濃厚的陰影。

The present-day world is an open one with economic globalization and revolution in science and technology creating conditions favorable for countries to engage in mutually beneficial cooperation geared to common development. It has become the general trend and desire of the people for the world to stay open and keep developing rather than become closed and stagnant. Moreover, as we are in the middle of resisting the international financial crisis, promoting trade and investment among countries holds the key to early world economic recovery. What worries us is that due to various factors, the development of global multilateral trading regime is anything but smooth sailing. The Doha Round negotiations have bogged down, trade and investment protectionism is raising its head with frequent abuses of anti-dumping, countervailing and other trade remedies, and the tendency of politicizing trade frictions has become more salient. All this has cast a dark shadow over world economic recovery.

歷史經驗證明，自由、開放、公正的國際貿易，能夠促進社會分工，提高勞動效率，擴大市場規模，增加就業機會，符合世界各國的根本利益；相反，貿易保護主義只會拖累世界經濟復甦步伐，最終受損的是各國人民。在當前國際金融市場急劇動盪、世界經濟不穩定和不確定因素顯著增加、主要經濟體復甦步伐明顯放緩的關鍵時刻，國際社會應當攜起手來，同舟共濟，以更大的誠意和決心進一步擴大市場開放，以更加鮮明的態度和行動共同抵制形形色色的保護主義，以更加理性的辦法妥善處理國際貿易摩擦。惟有這樣，才能儘快驅散國際金融危機的陰霾，才能增強國際社會抵禦各種風險的能力，才能實現世界經濟強勁、可持續、平衡增長。

History shows that international trade that is free, open and fair can improve division of labor, increase productivity, enlarge the marketplace and expand employment, which serves the fundamental interests of all countries. Trade protectionism, conversely, can only drag the feet of the world economic recovery and hurt people of all countries in the end. At this critical juncture characterized by volatile international financial markets, rising economic instability and uncertainty and marked slowdown of recovery of major economies, the international community should join hands and work closely together to open their markets still wider with greater sincerity and determination, reject protectionism of all forms and manifestations with a clear-cut attitude and concrete actions, and find proper and more rational solutions to trade frictions. That is the only way to break the spell of the global financial crisis, improve the risk preparedness of the international community, and achieve strong, sustainable and balanced growth of the world economy.

堅定不移地實施對外開放的基本國策和互利共贏的開放戰略，是中國人民作出的自主抉擇。我們從自身發展的經驗教訓中深深懂得“關起門來搞建設是不能成功的”。中國仍然是一個發展中國家，人口多、底子薄、發展不平衡，科學技術相對落後，經濟體制和政治體制還不完善，是我們的基本國情。這就需要不斷解放思想，與時俱進，以無比堅定的決心和勇氣繼續推進改革開放，以海納百川的胸襟學習借鑑國外一切文明成果。今天的中國，擴大開放的基礎更加牢固，條件更加成熟，人民羣衆的意願更加強烈，對外開放的道路越走越寬廣。我們剛剛制定了“十二五”規劃，明確提出實行更加積極主動的開放戰略，清楚地表達了中國政府和人民堅持對外開放的巨大勇氣和決心。

Our state policy of unswervingly opening to the outside world and our win-win strategy of opening-up are the free choices made by our people. We have learned from our own experience, including bitter lessons that one cannot succeed in development behind closed doors. China is still a developing country with a big population, weak economic foundation, uneven development, relative backwardness in science and technology, and far from complete economic and political institutions. These are our basic national conditions. That is why we need to constantly free our mind, keep pace with the times, press ahead with reform and opening-up with rock-solid determination and courage and strive to draw on the achievements of all civilizations with an open mind. Thanks to much improved conditions for opening-up and even greater support from the people, China's opening to the outside world is promised with a bright future. The recently-formulated 12th Five-Year Plan has clearly outlined a more proactive opening strategy, which gives expression to the tremendous courage and resolve of the government and people of China for continued opening-up.

——我們將把擴大進口與穩定出口結合起來，努力促進國際收支基本平衡。中國始終堅持開放的貿易政策，既重視出口，也重視進口，不刻意追求貿易順差。五年前，廣交會更名爲中國進出口商品交易會，增加了進口展區，就是中國促進平衡增長的最好詮釋。經過我們的努力，中國進出口正朝着更加平衡的方向發展，2009年貿易順差比上年減少1000億美元，2010年又進一步減少126億美元，預計今年順差佔GDP的比重將下降到3%以內。今後5年中國進口總規模有望超過8萬億美元，這將給世界各國帶來更多商機。我們願意加強與主要順差來源國的金融與經濟合作，用發展的辦法逐步解決貿易不平衡問題。我們也希望有關國家儘快承認中國市場經濟地位，放鬆高新技術產品對中國出口管制，爲雙邊貿易平衡發展創造條件。

----We will combine expanding import with stabilizing export in an effort to make our international payments more balanced. China follows an open trade policy, emphasizing both export and import and refraining from pure trade surplus. Five years ago, the Canton Fair changed its name to the China Import and Export Fair and added the International Pavilion, which is a remarkable testimony to China's desire for a balanced growth in trade. Thanks to our efforts, China's import and export have been moving towards greater balance. For example, our trade surplus in 2009 went down by US$100 billion compared with the previous year. It further went down by US$12.6billion in year, the share of trade surplus in GDP is expected to come under 3% our estimate, China's total import in the next five years will top US$8 trillion, which will offer a lot more opportunities for businesses around the world. We are ready to strengthen financial and economic cooperation with countries that have substantial trade deficit with China and resolve the issue of trade imbalance gradually in the course of continued development of trade. We also hope that relevant countries will lose no time in recognizing China's market economy status and relax their control on high-and new-tech exports to China so as to create conditions for a more balanced growth of trade.——我們將把吸收外資與對外投資結合起來，拓展國民經濟的發展空間。中國的資金和外匯比較充裕，這是我們的發展優勢，但不能忽視利用外資的作用，國際投資中搭載的技術創新能力、管理經驗和市場機會，不是用錢就能買到的。我們將一如既往地歡迎各國投資者來中國興業，特別是到中西部地區投資。更加重視引進先進技術、人才和智力資源，更加重視保護知識產權。繼續爲國內外各類市場主體營造開放的法制環境、政策環境和市場環境，清理相關法律、規章和其他政策措施，確保與世貿規則相一致。我們將加快實施“走出去”戰略，鼓勵有條件、守信譽的各類企業對外投資，重視開展有利於改善不發達國家民生和增強自主發展能力的合作，注意承擔社會責任和義務，造福當地人民。

----We will combine absorbing foreign investment with investing abroad in an effort to enlarge to room for economic a is now relatively rich in capital and foreign exchange reserves, which is an advantage of China's development. But we must not overlook the role of foreign capital. The technological innovation, managerial expertise and market opportunities that are often associated with foreign investment are not what one can buy with money. We will continue to welcome investors from all countries to China, especially to the central and western parts of the country. We will attach greater importance to bringing into China advanced know-how, human talents and intellectual resources and to protecting intellectual property rights. We will continue to cultivate an open legal, policy and market environment for all types of market entities at home and abroad by sorting out relevant Chinese laws, regulations, policies and measures and ensuring their consistence with the WTO rules. We will speed up the implementation of the "going global" strategy, encourage more capable and credible Chinese firms to invest overseas, pay attention to the cooperation schemes aimed at improving the livelihood of the underdeveloped countries and enhancing their capacity for independent development, and stress the need to undertake relevant social responsibilities in the interest of the local communities.

——我們將把深化沿海開放與擴大內陸和沿邊開放結合起來，進一步優化區域開放格局。沿海地區要加快培育新的國際競爭優勢，由世界工廠向研發設計、品牌營銷和服務外包基地轉變，由國際產業鏈低端向產業鏈高端發展。內陸地區要發揮資源和勞動力豐富的比較優勢，着力改善投資環境，積極承接國際產業和沿海產業轉移，培育高水平的加工製造基地。沿邊地區要充分發揮地緣優勢，實行特殊的開放政策，加快重點口岸、邊境城市、邊境經濟合作區和重點開發開放實驗區建設，努力提高對外開放的水平。

----We will combine deepening openness in the coastal areas with greater openness in the hinterland and border areas in an effort to further improve China's regional opening-up layout. The coastal areas must accelerate the development of new international competitive edge, transforming the themselves from being a world factory to being a base for R&D, design, brand marketing and service outsourcing, and moving up the international value chain. The hinterland areas should bring out their comparative advantages of rich natural resources and labor, work hard to improve their investment environment, actively receive relocated industries from overseas and China's coastal areas and build up more high-caliber manufacturing and processing bases. The border areas should give full play to their geographical advantages, put in place special opening-up policies, speed up the building of major ports, border cities, border economic cooperation zones and key development and opening-up experimental zones with a view to increasing to overall level of openness.

——我們將把經濟領域開放與其他領域開放結合起來，以開放促改革促發展促創新。經濟領域依然是我國對外開放的基礎和重點。我們將穩步擴大服務業對外開放，繼續推進人民幣匯率形成機制改革，擴大人民幣跨境使用，逐步實現人民幣資本項目可兌換。同時，我們也將積極擴大教育、科技、文化、衛生等領域的對外交流與合作，在擴大開放中促進我國社會事業改革與發展。

----We will combine openness in economic field with openness in other fields in an effort to promote reform, development and innovation. Economy remains the basis and key priority of China's opening-up program. We will take steady steps to widen the openness of our service industry, keep up the reform in the RMB exchange rate forming mechanism, expand the cross-border use of RMB and gradually make RMB convertible under the capital account. At the same time, we will step up exchanges and cooperation with other countries in education, science, technology, culture, health and other areas so as to promote reform and development of China's social programs through ever enlarged openness.

——我們將把向發達國家開放與向發展中國家開放結合起來，擴大同各方利益的匯合點。中國與發達國家處於不同的發展階段，經濟互補性強，互利合作前景廣闊。要加強戰略對話，增進戰略互信，拓寬合作領域，妥善處理經貿摩擦。廣大發展中國家蘊藏着巨大的發展潛力，是我國實施市場多元化戰略和“走出去”戰略的重點。無論是富國還是窮國，無論實行何種社會制度，我們都願意在平等互利基礎上與他們開展經貿合作。

----We will combine opening to the developed countries with opening to the developing countries in an effort to expand the convergence of interests with all parties. China and the developed countries are at different stages of development with strong economic complementarities and broad prospects for mutually beneficial cooperation. It is necessary for both sides to step up strategic dialogue, increase strategic trust, broaden areas of cooperation and properly handle their trade frictions. The developing countries are blessed with an enormous potential for development and they occupy an important position in China's market diversification and "going global" strategies. We are ready to engage in economic cooperation with all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, irrespective of their wealth or social systems.

——我們將把多邊開放與雙邊開放結合起來，繼續在國際經濟體系中發揮建設性作用。我們願意以更加積極的姿態，參與多邊經貿事務和全球性問題治理，與世界各國一道，共同分享發展機遇，共同應對各種挑戰。我們也願意繼續推動區域合作進程，積極與有關國家和地區商建自由貿易區。我願再次呼籲，各方應堅持世貿組織多哈回合談判的發展授權，關注最不發達國家利益，在鎖定既有成果的基礎上，務實推進談判進程。中方始終是支持談判的積極力量，衷心期待談判早日取得實質性成果。

----We will combine openness in the multilateral context with openness in the bilateral context while continuing to play a constructive role in the international economic system. We are ready to engage more actively in multilateral economic and trade affairs and management of global issues, sharing out development opportunities with other countries and taking on the challenges together. We are also ready to push forward regional cooperation process and explore the possibility of establishing free trade areas with relevant countries and regions. I wish to take this opportunity to repeat my call for all parties to uphold the development mandate of the WTO Doha Round negotiations, pay attention to the interests of the least developed countries and advance the negotiations in a results-oriented way on the basis of locking in the existing outcomes. China has always been supportive of the negotiations and sincerely looks forward to substantive outcomes at an early date.

女士們，先生們：

Ladies and Gentlemen,

中國對外開放30多年來的實踐告訴我們：只有開放兼容，國家才能富強，人民才能過上幸福美好的生活。我們要倍加珍惜和維護對外開放的成果，將對外開放貫穿於我國現代化建設全過程，奮力把對外開放的偉大事業推向前進，爲建設一個富強民主文明和諧的國家、爲世界的繁榮發展和文明進步不懈努力！

China's opening to the outside world in the past 30 years and more tells us that only an open and inclusive country can be strong and prosperous and achievements in opening-up, keep the policy in place throughout our modernization process, vigorously move the great cause forward and work tirelessly to build a prosperous, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious China and to ensure prosperity, development and progress in the world.

謝謝大家！

Thank you.