世行將把全球貧困線標準上調一半
The World bank is to make the Most dramatic change to its global poverty line for 25 years — raising its measure by a half to about $1.90 per day — in a move likely to swell the statistical ranks of the world’s poor by tens of millions.
世界銀行(World Bank)將對其全球貧困線標準做出25年來最大幅度的調整——貧困線標準將從每日生活費1.25美元上調一半，至每日生活費約1.90美元。此舉很可能會導致全球統計意義上的貧困人口增加數千萬人。
The move from $1.25 would be the biggest revision since the World Bank introduced its $1 a day yardstick of global poverty in 1990.
這將是自1990年世行推出每日生活費1美元的全球貧困線標準以來最大幅度的一次調整。
The bank is expected to follow the event by shifting its poverty line to about $1.90 ahead of its annual meetings in Lima, Peru, in early October — a move likely to result in significant shifts in the estimated size and distribution of the planet’s poor.
預計世行將在10月初的祕魯利馬年會前夕做出這一調整，此舉可能導致全球貧困人口的估計規模及分佈發生巨大改變。
It is difficult to predict exactly how many more people will be defined as poor. However, when researchers at the bank tested a notional poverty line of $1.92 earlier this year, it led to a surge of 148m.
現在很難精確預測按照新標準全球被定義爲貧困人口的人將增加多少。然而，在世行研究人員今年早些時候測試1.92美元的名義貧困線時，貧困人口激增了1.48億。
Most of the difference came in east Asia where the ranks of those falling below the poverty line almost doubled from 157m at the old $1.25/day measure to 293m. In Latin America, the result was an increase of 8m, or more than 25 per cent, in the number of poor to 37m, while in south Asia the ranks of the poor grew by 7m to 407m. Under that line, sub-Saharan Africa remained steady at some 416m.
增加的貧困人口主要來自東亞。如果貧困線標準從每日生活費1.25美元調整到每日1.92美元，東亞生活在貧困線以下的人口將從1.57億增加近一倍，達到2.93億。在拉美，貧困人口將增加800萬，至3700萬，增幅超過25%。在南亞，貧困人口將增加700萬，至4.07億。撒哈拉以南非洲的貧困人口數量不會有什麼變化，仍爲大約4.16億。
In an interview with the Financial Times, Jim Yong Kim, the World Bank president, said the decision to adjust the poverty line was a necessary update due to new data on purchasing power. The new line, he said, had been “very well vetted” by the bank’s poverty experts.
在接受英國《金融時報》採訪時，世行行長金墉(Jim Yong Kim)表示，根據最新的購買力數據，調整貧困線的決定是必要的。他表示，新的標準經過了該行反貧困專家“非常認真的審查”。
