特朗普政府對華施壓要求對朝鮮斷油
Donald Trump is putting pressure on China to cut off oil exports to Pyongyang, as part of a stepped-up campaign to convince North Korean dictator Kim Jong Un to abandon his nuclear and ballistic missile programmes.
唐納德?特朗普(Donald Trump)正向中國施壓，要求中國切斷對平壤的石油出口，強化讓朝鮮獨裁者金正恩(Kim Jong Un)明白應放棄其核武和彈道導彈計劃的努力。Rex Tillerson, US secretary of state, and HR McMaster, national security adviser, on Tuesday said the Trump administration wanted China to go beyond existing UN sanctions by cutting off supplies of crude oil to North Korea. The move would impose significant economic pain on the hermit regime.
週二美國國務卿雷克斯?蒂勒森(Rex Tillerson)和國家安全顧問赫伯特?雷蒙德?麥克馬斯特(HR McMaster)表示，特朗普政府希望中國在現有的聯合國(UN)對朝制裁措施之外更進一步——切斷朝鮮的原油供應。這一舉措將給這個與世隔絕的政權帶來巨大的經濟影響。“The president would like to see China cut the oil off,” Mr Tillerson said at the Atlantic Council, a Washington-based think-tank. “The last time the North Koreans came to the table, it was because China cut the oil off. Three days later the North Koreans were at the table talking.”
“總統希望看到中國切斷石油供應。”蒂勒森對華盛頓智庫大西洋理事會(Atlantic Council)說，“上次朝鮮回到談判桌上，是因爲中國切斷了石油供應，3天后朝鮮人就在談判桌上講話了。”
In what appeared to be a change of policy, Mr Tillerson added that the US was prepared to talk with Pyongyang at any time, a reversal from previous statements that North Korea would have to halt tests for a period of time before negotiations could be entertained.
美國似乎改變了政策，蒂勒森補充稱美國準備隨時與平壤談判，這與美國之前聲明的立場相左。此前美國聲稱，朝鮮必須停止武器試驗一段時間，然後才能進行談判。“We’re ready to have the first meeting without preconditions. Let’s just meet. We can talk about the weather if you want,” he said. “We can talk about whether it’s gonna be a square table or a round table if that’s what you’re excited about. But can we at least sit down and see each other face to face.”
“我們準備在沒有先決條件的情況下進行第一次會面。我們只要會面就好了。如果對方願意的話，我們可以談談天氣。”他說，“如果感興趣的話，我們可以談談談判桌是方桌還是圓桌。但我們至少可以坐下來，面對面相見。”While his language was a departure from past comments, the White House issued a statement in response, saying the president’s views “have not changed”.
雖然蒂勒森的措辭與過去美國對此事的評論相左，白宮對此的迴應是發表一條聲明，稱總統的想法“沒有改變”。Under Mr Trump, the US has pursued a “maximum pressure” campaign that includes a range of bilateral and multilateral sanctions aimed at convincing Mr Kim to negotiate, with the end goal of ending his missile programmes.
特朗普政府對朝鮮推行“最大壓力”策略，包括一系列雙邊和多邊制裁，目的是讓金正恩明白應該談判，終極目標是終結金正恩的導彈計劃。Mr Tillerson said the US had held discussions with China about how to safeguard North Korea’s nuclear arsenal in the event that the regime collapsed — an important development since China had long refused to conduct contingency planning with the US.
蒂勒森表示，有關如果朝鮮政權瓦解，該如何確保朝鮮的核武庫不出問題，美國已經與中國進行了討論。這是一個重要進展，因爲中國此前長期拒絕與美國規劃應急方案。
He said the US had also assured China that should US troops cross into North Korea as part of a conflict, they would later “retreat back south of the 38th parallel” that divides the two Koreas. In addition to concerns about North Korean refugees flowing into China because of regime collapse, Beijing is worried about losing the buffer that keeps US troops far from its border.
他說，美國還向中國保證，如果衝突發生後，美國軍隊進入朝鮮，他們會在之後“撤回到三八線以南”。三八線是將朝鮮半島分割爲朝鮮和韓國的界線。中國擔心朝鮮政權瓦解導致朝鮮難民涌入中國，此外也擔心失去讓美軍遠離中國邊界的緩衝地帶。Nikki Haley, US ambassador to the UN, tried to convince China to support an oil embargo following the ICBM test, according to one person familiar with the efforts. But the Chinese have resisted, partly because they are annoyed that the US recently put North Korea back on the list of state sponsors of terrorism, a move that some analysts said had little value and would be an obstacle to diplomacy.
據一位知情人士透露，在朝鮮進行洲際彈道導彈試驗之後，美國駐聯合國大使妮基?黑利(Nikki Haley)試圖說服中國支持對朝鮮實施石油禁運。但中國拒絕了這一提案，部分原因是中國對美國把朝鮮重新列入支持恐怖主義國家名單而惱火。一些分析人士認爲，美國此舉沒有多大價值，還將成爲外交方面的障礙。
