當前位置

首頁 > 英語閱讀 > 英語閱讀理解 > 特朗普宣佈美國退出《巴黎協定》

特朗普宣佈美國退出《巴黎協定》

推薦人: 來源: 閱讀: 3.46K 次

當地時間6月1日,美國總統特朗普在白宮玫瑰園發表講話,宣佈美國退出巴黎氣候協定,並稱將重新展開談判,以達成一個“公平”的協定。特朗普在去年的總統競選期間就曾放話,稱要採取措施幫助美國的石油和煤炭行業。他在講話中表示,巴黎協定會讓美國損失3萬億美元的GDP和650萬個工作崗位,而中國和印度等國卻能享受到優惠待遇。反對派表示,退出巴黎協定是主動放棄了美國在重要全球挑戰領域的領導地位。美國前總統奧巴馬也表示,特朗普政府此舉是“拒絕了未來”。

President Donald Trump has announced that the US is withdrawing from the 2015 Paris climate agreement.
特朗普總統宣佈美國要退出2015年達成的巴黎氣候協定。

He said moves to negotiate a new "fair" deal that would not disadvantage US businesses and workers would begin.
他表示,下一步會展開談判,以達成一個全新的、不會讓美國企業和工人陷入不利境地的“公平的”協議。

特朗普宣佈美國退出《巴黎協定》

Mr Trump said during last year's presidential election campaign that he would take the step to help his country's oil and coal industries.
在去年的總統競選中,特朗普就曾經表示,他要採取措施幫助美國的石油和煤炭行業。

Opponents say withdrawing from the accord is an abdication of US leadership on a key global challenge.
反對派表示,退出巴黎協定是主動放棄了美國在重要全球挑戰領域的領導地位。

Speaking in the White House Rose Garden, Mr Trump characterized the Paris agreement as a deal that aimed to hobble, disadvantage and impoverish the US.
在白宮玫瑰園的講話中,特朗普將巴黎協定描述爲一個旨在阻礙美國、讓美國處於不利境地並陷入貧困的協議。

He claimed the agreement would cost the US $3tn in lost GDP and 6.5 million jobs - while rival economies like China and India were treated more favorably.
他聲稱,該協定會讓美國損失3萬億美元的GDP和650萬個工作崗位,而中國和印度等國家卻能享受到更多優惠待遇。

"In order to fulfill my solemn duty to protect America and its citizens, the United States will withdraw from the Paris climate accord... but begin negotiations to re-enter either the Paris accord or a really entirely new transaction on terms that are fair to the United States," he said.
他說:“爲了履行我保護美國和美國民衆的神聖職責,美國將從巴黎氣候協定中撤出......不過,我們將展開談判,以重新加入巴黎協定或者一個全新的、對美國公平的協議。”

"We don't want other leaders and other countries laughing at us any more - and they won't be," he said.
“我不想讓其他國家和他們的領導人繼續嘲笑我們,他們也不會再嘲笑了。”

"I was elected to represent the citizens of Pittsburgh, not Paris. I promised I would exit or re-negotiate any deal which fails to serve America's interests. Many trade deals will soon be under re-negotiation."
“人們把我選出來是代表匹茲堡民衆的,不是代表巴黎民衆。我承諾過要退出或者重新商定任何不符合美國利益的協定。過不了多久,很多貿易協定也將重新進行談判。”

匹茲堡曾是美國著名的鋼鐵工業城市。諷刺的是,匹茲堡市長比爾•佩杜託(Bill Peduto)隨即在推特上回應:“作爲匹茲堡的市長我可以向你們保證,我的城市將會爲我們的公民、我們的經濟和未來繼續遵守《巴黎協定》。”

各方反應

特朗普講話之後,法國、德國及意大利的領導人發表了一份聯合聲明,拒絕就巴黎協定重新進行談判。加拿大和英國均表示,對特朗普此舉“深感失望”。

Former US President Barack Obama, who agreed to the Paris deal, immediately criticized the move, accusing the Trump administration of "rejecting the future".
美國前總統奧巴馬立刻對此舉表示譴責,他批評特朗普政府“拒絕了未來”。奧巴馬在職期間同意簽署《巴黎協定》。

Republican congressional leaders and the US coal industry backed the move, with Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell supporting Mr Trump "for dealing yet another significant blow to the Obama administration's assault on domestic energy production and jobs".
共和黨國會領袖和美國煤炭行業對這一決定表示支持,參議院多數黨領袖米奇•麥康奈爾支持特朗普的做法,因爲“對奧巴馬政府打擊本國能源生產和就業的做法給予重擊”。

Senate Democratic leader Chuck Schumer called the decision "one of the worst policy moves made in the 21st Century because of the huge damage to our economy, our environment and our geopolitical standing".
參議院民主黨領袖查爾斯•舒默稱這一決定是“21世紀做出的最糟糕的決策,因爲這一政策會對我國的經濟、環境和地緣政治地位造成巨大損害”。

The leaders of France, Germany and Italy issued a joint statement rejecting a renegotiation of the agreement.
法國、德國和意大利的領導人發佈聯合聲明,拒絕就巴黎協定進行重新談判。

"We deem the momentum generated in Paris in December 2015 irreversible and we firmly believe that the Paris agreement cannot be renegotiated, since it is a vital instrument for our planet, societies and economies," it said.
聲明中寫道:“我們深以爲2015年12月簽訂的巴黎協定所創造的動能是不可逆轉的,鑑於巴黎協定對於我們的地球、社會和經濟攸關重大,我們堅信巴黎協定無法重新協商。”

Canada was "deeply disappointed" by President Trump's decision, Environment Minister Catherine McKenna told reporters.
加拿大環境部部長凱瑟琳•麥肯納告訴記者說,加拿大對特朗普總統的決定 “深感失望”。

This was echoed by UK Prime Minister Theresa May, who expressed her disappointment and told Mr Trump in a phone call that the deal protects the "prosperity and security of future generations".
英國首相特蕾莎•梅也有同感,她表達了自己的失望並在電話中告訴特朗普,巴黎協定保護了“未來幾代人的繁榮與安全”。

Leaders of the Nordic nations - Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Norway, and Iceland - also condemned the move.
北歐國家(包括瑞典、芬蘭、丹麥、挪威和冰島)的領導人也譴責了這一舉動。

A United Nations spokeswoman said it was a "major disappointment for global efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote global security".
聯合國一位發言人表示,這一決定“對全世界減少溫室氣體排放、促進全球安全的努力來說是一件令人深感失望的事”。

Small island nations whose existence is threatened by rising sea levels were critical of the move. The President of the Marshall Islands, Hilda Heine, said it was "highly concerning for those of us that live on the frontline of climate change".
那些自身生存受到海平面上升威脅的小島國也批評了特朗普退出巴黎協定的舉動。馬紹爾羣島總統希爾達•海涅說,“對於我們這些生活在氣候變化前線的國家來說,這一舉動非常令人擔憂”。

《巴黎協定》是什麼?

《巴黎協定》(Paris Agreement)是在巴黎出席氣候大會的195國談判代表在2015年12月12日達成的歷史上首個關於氣候變化的全球性協定。

《巴黎協定》共29條,包括目標、減緩、適應、損失損害、資金、技術、能力建設、透明度、全球盤點等內容。2020年後,各國將以“國家自定貢獻”(nationally determined contribution)的方式參與全球應對氣候變化行動。

長遠目標(the long-term goal):確保全球平均氣溫較前工業化水平升高控制在2攝氏度之內(make sure the global temperature rise to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels),併爲把升溫控制在1.5攝氏度之內“付出努力”("pursue efforts" to limit the temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius)。

減排目標(emissions targets):與會各方同意每隔5年重新設定各自的減排目標(set national targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions every five years)。目前已有180多個國家和地區提交了從2020年起始的五年期限內減排目標。

評估目標(reviewing targets): 與會各方今後4年內重新評估各自的減排目標,以便適時做出調整。

透明度(transparency):要求締約方彙報各自的溫室氣體排放情況以及減排進展,但賦予發展中國家適度“彈性”(flexibility)。

資金(money): 要求發達國家繼續向發展中國家提供資金援助,從而幫助後者減少碳排放以及適應氣候變化(wealthy countries should continue to offer financial support to help poor countries reduce their emissions and adapt to climate change)。

損失破壞(loss and damage):該協定 “承認”損失和破壞的內容,主要是針對由氣候變化引發的災難(recognizing "loss and damage" associated with climate-related disasters)。