史上首位！特朗普因國會暴亂事件二次遭彈劾
當地時間1月13日，美國國會衆議院以多數票通過了彈劾特朗普的議案，指控特朗普煽動1月6日的國會暴亂，這使得特朗普成爲美國有史以來首位在任內被彈劾兩次的總統。
The House of Representatives on Wednesday impeached Donald Trump for inciting a violent insurrection against the government of the United States a week after he encouraged a mob of his supporters to storm the US Capitol, a historic condemnation that makes him the only American president to be charged twice with committing high crimes and misdemeanors.
在特朗普鼓動他的支持者衝擊美國國會一週後，美國衆議院本週三（1月13日）正式彈劾特朗普，指控其煽動國會暴力叛亂。這一歷史性的彈劾使得特朗普因犯下重罪和行爲不端成爲美國曆史上首位被彈劾兩次的總統。
After an emotional day-long debate in the chamber where lawmakers cowered last week as rioters vandalized the Capitol, nearly a dozen House Republicans joined Democrats to embrace the constitution’s gravest remedy after vowing to hold Trump to account before he leaves office next week.
立法者們在上週暴亂者攻入國會打砸搶時躲起來避難的那個會議室情緒激昂地討論了一整天后，十幾個衆議院共和黨人加入了民主黨人的隊伍，承諾將在下週特朗普離任前追究他的責任，並同意啓動美國憲法修正案中最嚴厲的條款。
The sole article of impeachment charges the defeated president with “inciting an insurrection” that led to what the House speaker, Nancy Pelosi, said would be immortalized as a “day of fire” on Capitol Hill.
此次彈劾的唯一條款指控落選總統特朗普“煽動叛亂”並導致了衆議院議長南希·佩洛西所說的將被載入史冊的國會山“烈焰之日”。
The president, Pelosi said, represented a “clear and present danger to the nation we all love”.
佩洛西指出，特朗普“當前對我們所有人深愛的國家構成了明顯的威脅”。
2021年1月13日，在美國首都華盛頓，國會衆議院議長佩洛西（前右二）走在國會大廈內。（圖片來源：新華社）
The final count was 232 to 197, with 10 members of the president’s party supporting his uNPRecedented second impeachment, making it the most bipartisan impeachment vote in US history. Among them was Liz Cheney, the No 3 House Republican and daughter of Dick Cheney, George W Bush’s vice-president. Though she did not rise to speak on Wednesday, she issued a blistering statement announcing her decision, in which she said that there had “never been a greater betrayal by a president of the United States” than Trump’s conduct on 6 January.
最後的投票數是232票對197票，特朗普所在的共和黨中有10位議員支持這一史無前例的的二次彈劾，也使其成爲美國曆史上兩黨最一致的彈劾投票。其中一位投票者是衆議院共和黨三號人物利茲·切尼，她是小布什總統的副手迪克·切尼的女兒。儘管她週三沒有發言，但是她在宣佈自己的決定時發表了一份言辭激烈的聲明。聲明中寫道，“從來沒有哪一任美國總統”像特朗普那樣作出1月6日“如此重大的背叛行爲”。
"The president of the United States summoned this mob, assembled the mob, and lit the flame of this attack,” said Cheney in a statement.
切尼在聲明中說：“美國總統召集了暴動人羣，並點燃了襲擊的火焰。”
Kevin McCarthy, the House Republican leader, attempted to carve a middle path for his caucus. He said Trump “bears responsibility” for Wednesday’s attack, while warning that impeachment would “further fan the flames of partisan division”. As an alternative, he proposed a censure.
衆議院共和黨領袖凱文·麥卡錫試圖讓他的核心組織採取中立態度。他表示特朗普應該爲上週三的襲擊“負責”，但同時也警告彈劾會“進一步挑起兩黨紛爭”。他建議用譴責來代替彈劾。
caucus[ˈkɔːkəs]: n. 核心組織；幹部會議；核心會議；黨團會議
The House was prepared to immediately transmit the article of impeachment to the Senate after Wednesday’s vote. In a statement, the Senate majority leader, Mitch McConnell, said there was “simply no chance” of concluding a trial before Trump leaves office, ensuring that the affair would begin during the inaugural days of Joe Biden’s presidency.
衆議院原本準備在週三投票結束後立刻將彈劾案文件提交參議院，但參議院多數黨領袖米奇·麥康奈爾在一份聲明中稱，在特朗普離任前結束審判“根本沒戲”，他主張彈劾案審理在拜登就職後開始。
Though consequences for Trump will not include premature removal from office, the Senate trial would not be entirely symbolic. Two-thirds of the 100-member body are required to convict a president, meaning 17 Republicans would have to join Democrats to render a guilty verdict.
儘管彈劾不會導致特朗普提前結束任期，參議院的審判也不完全是象徵性的。100名參議員中需要有三分之二投贊成票才能給總統定罪，這意味着需要有17名共和黨人站在民主黨人一邊才能判決有罪。
If convicted, it would then require only a simple majority to disqualify him from ever again holding public office.
如果特朗普被判有罪，只需要多數參議員通過，就能永久剝奪特朗普競選公職的資格。
The deadly assault a week ago came as the House and Senate were in session to certify Biden’s victory in November’s presidential election, a result Trump refused to accept. Five people died during the siege, including a police officer.
一週前國會遭到致命襲擊時，衆議院和參議院正在召開聯席會議來認證拜登在11月總統大選中勝出的結果，而特朗普拒絕接受這一結果。5人在襲擊中喪生，其中包括一名警察。
A remorseless Trump on Tuesday called his inflammatory language at a rally immediately before the mob marched on the Capitol “totally appropriate”. Efforts to hold him accountable were nothing more than a “continuation of the greatest witch-hunt in the history of politics”, he said.
本週二，毫無悔改之意的特朗普將自己在國會暴亂前集會上所用的煽動性語言稱爲“非常恰當”。他表示，那些把責任推到他頭上的行爲無非是“政治史上最大迫害行動的延續”。
After his impeachment, Trump released a video statement belatedly condemning the violence and appealing to his supporters for calm ahead of Biden’s inauguration next week – remarks lawmakers implored him to make during the hours-long siege of the Capitol.
遭到彈劾後，特朗普在一段視頻中發表了遲來的聲明，他譴責暴力，呼籲支持者在下週拜登就職典禮前保持冷靜，這些話原本是立法者懇求他在長達數小時的國會遭襲期間說的。
Trump’s day of reckoning on Capitol Hill comes less than a year after he was acquitted in a Senate impeachment trial for pressuring Ukraine to open investigations into Biden and his son. But with just days left in his presidency, the political landscape had shifted dramatically.
特朗普在國會山上的審判日距離他上一次的彈劾案在參議院被判無罪還不到一年。當時他給烏克蘭施加壓力，要求烏克蘭對拜登及其子展開調查。但如今他再過幾天就要結束總統任期，政治形勢已經發生了巨大變化。
No House Republicans voted in support when Trump was impeached in 2019 over his attempts to persuade the leader of Ukraine to investigate the family of Biden, then his election rival.
2019年特朗普因試圖說服烏克蘭領導人調查拜登一家而被彈劾時，沒有一個衆議院共和黨人投贊成票。那時候拜登是他的競選對手。
But as fear turned to fury in the days since the attack on the Capitol, senior Republican leaders signaled – tacitly and explicitly – a desire to purge the party of Trump. Their break with the president came only after months of tolerating and indulging his campaign of lies about a stolen election, long after it was undeniably clear he had lost.
然而在國會遭襲幾天後，恐懼轉變成了怒火，共和黨資深大佬們心照不宣而明確地表達了將特朗普驅逐出黨的意願。幾個月來，在特朗普確定無疑地輸掉大選很長時間後，他們一直忍受和縱容他關於拜登竊取選舉結果的謊言，如今他們終於和特朗普決裂。
