悲劇的誕生The Birth Of Tragedy 第122期:悲劇文化

With this insight a culture is inaugurated that I venture to call a tragic culture.

隨着這種認識開創了一種文化，我不妨稱之爲悲劇文化，

Its most important characteristic is that wisdom takes the place of science as the highest end--

它的主要特徵是：智慧代替了科學作爲最高目的；

wisdom that, uninfluenced by the seductive distractions of the sciences, turns with unmoved eyes to a comprehensive view of the world,

不受科學之惑亂欺騙的大智大慧，以冷靜的目光綜觀世界，

and seeks to grasp, with sympathetic feelings of love, the eternal suffering as its own.

竭力以同情的博愛視世間的永恆痛苦有如自己的痛苦。

Let us imagine a coming generation with such intrepidity of vision, with such a heroic penchant for the tremendous;

試設想：方興未艾的世代具有此種大無畏懼的眼光，此種英勇的壯志；

let us imagine the bold stride of these dragon-slayers, the proud audacity with which they turn their back on all the weaklings' doctrines of optimism

試設想：這些屠龍之士，以果敢的步伐，以傲岸的英姿，毅然拒絕這種樂觀主義的病態學說，

in order to "live resolutely" in wholeness and fullness:

以便“堅決地生活”，美滿的生活；

would it not be necessary for the tragic man of such a culture, in view of his self-education for seriousness and terror,

——那末，豈不是這種文化的悲劇人物，以嚴肅畏懼的情緒來鍛鍊自己，

to desire a new art, the art of metaphysical comfort, to desire tragedy as his own proper Helen, and to exclaim with Faust:

就必然要求一種新藝術，超脫的慰藉之藝術，也就是說，要求悲劇，做自己的眷屬、做海倫嗎？他會跟着浮士德喊道：

Should not my longing overleap the distance

我豈不要憑眷戀的癡情，

And draw the fairest form into existence?

帶給人間那唯一的豔影？

But now that the Socratic culture can only hold the scepter of its infallibility with trembling hands; now that it has been shaken from two directions--

但是，既然蘇格拉底文化，在兩方面被搖憾了，

once by the fear of its own consequences which it at length begins to surmise,

只能以發抖的手執住它的權威王杖：它初則擔心自己的結果，而且終於開始料想到它的末運了；

and again because it no longer has its naïve confidence in the eternal validity of its foundation

繼則，因爲它對它的論據的永遠有效性再沒有以前那樣天真的信心；

--it is a sad spectacle to see how the dance of its thought rushes longingly toward ever-new forms,

——那真是一個悲慘的景象：它活躍的思想不斷眷戀追求新的豔影，

to embrace them, and then, shuddering, lets them go suddenly as Mephistopheles does the seductive Lamiae.

要擁抱她們，但又大吃一驚，突然把她們放棄，象靡斐斯托突然放棄那些誘惑的蛇妖。