悲劇的誕生The Birth Of Tragedy 第13期:酒神文化
The effects of the Dionysian spirit struck the Apollinian Greeks as titanic and barbaric; yet they could not disguise from themselves the fact that they were essentially akin to chose deposed Titans and heroes.
They felt more than that: their whole existence, with its temperate beauty, rested upon a base of suffering and knowledge which had been hidden from them until the reinstatement of Dionysus uncovered it once more.
不僅如此，他也覺得他的一切生活，儘管是美麗的、適度的，畢竟建築在痛苦與知識之根基上，而酒神文化卻對他揭露了這根基。And lo and behold! Apollo found it impossible to live without Dionysus.
試看，夢神就不能離開酒神而生存！
The elements of titanism and barbarism fumed out to be quite as fundamental as the Apollinian element.
那麼，鐵旦的和野蠻的教化之重要性，就不下於夢神的教化了。And now let us imagine how the ecstatic sounds of the Dionysian rites penetrated ever more enticingly into that artificially restrained and discreet world of illusion, how this clamor expressed the whole outrageous gamut of nature--delight, grief, knowledge--even to the most piercing cry;
現在，試想這個以假象和適度爲基礎，以藝術爲堤防的境界，酒神祭佳節的消魂蕩魄的狂歡之聲侵入這境界了，在這些歌聲中，我們聽到一切率性而行的大喜、大悲、大智、大慧、甚至鏤心刻骨的呼嘯；and then let us imagine how the Apollinian artist with his thin, monotonous harp music must have sounded beside the demoniac chant of the multitude!
那麼，我們試問：頌歌詩神阿波羅的幽靈似的琴音，同這惡魔似的民歌相比，還有甚麼意義呢！The muses presiding over the illusory arts paled before an art which enthusiastically told the truth, and the wisdom of Silenus cried "Woe!" against the serene Olympians.
在這種在陶醉中說出真理的藝術面前，假象之藝術的女神暗然失色！西列諾斯的智慧，對着這位靜穆的奧林匹斯夢神高呼：“哀哉！ 哀哉！”The individual, with his limits and moderations, forgot himself in the Dionysian vortex and became oblivious to the laws of Apollo.
此時，安分守己的個人便陷入陶然忘我之境，頓然忘掉夢神的清規戒律了。Indiscreet extravagance revealed itself as truth, and contradiction, a delight born of pain, spoke out of the bosom of nature.
過份變成真理，物極必反，悲中生樂，這是發乎性靈心中的呼籲。Wherever the Dionysian voice was heard, the Apollinian norm seemed suspended or destroyed.
所以，每當酒神文化入侵之時，夢神文化就被揚棄，被消滅。Yet it is equally true that, in those places where the first assault was withstood, the prestige and majesty of the Delphic god appeared more rigid and threatening than before.
然而，反過來也是如此。每當酒神的進攻受到挫敗，夢神的威嚴就顯得空前地盛氣凌人。The only way I am able to view Doric art and the Doric state is as a perpetual military encampment of the Apollinian forces.
因此，以我看，我只能把多里斯境界和多里斯藝術理解爲夢神文化的慘淡經營的堡壘。An art so defiantly austere, so ringed about with fortifications--an education so military and exacting--a polity so ruthlessly cruel--could endure only in a continual state of resistance against the titanic and barbaric menace of Dionysus.
因爲，如此頑強、冷漠、警衛森嚴的藝術，如此嚴格尚武的訓練，如此冷酷無情的政治制度，唯有不斷反抗酒神文化的原始野性，才能維持長久。
