巴基斯坦計劃聯手中國開發大型基建項目

Pakistan's President Mamnoon Hussain is looking to sign agreements with China on Wednesday for joint energy and infrastructure projects worth an estimated $20 billion, to be completed by 2018, as part of a long-term strategy to build a new trade and transport corridor between the two countries, according to a Pakistani government minister.

巴基斯坦一位部長說，巴基斯坦總統侯賽因(Mamnoon Hussain)週三將尋求與中國簽署一系列協議，聯合開發價值估計爲200億美元的能源和基礎設施項目。這些項目將在2018年前完工，是中巴兩國建設新的貿易和運輸通道這一長期戰略的一部分。

Mr. Hussain, who began a visit to Beijing on Tuesday, was expected to sign memorandums of understanding on projects that include upgrades of road and rail links and construction of an airport in the Chinese-built Arabian Sea port of Gwadar, said Ahsan Iqbal, Federal Minister for Planning, Development and Reform.

週二開始訪問北京的侯賽因可能將就一系列項目簽署諒解備忘錄。巴基斯坦計劃與發展部長伊克巴爾(Ahsan Iqbal)說，這些項目包括升級公路和鐵路，在瓜達爾中國修建的阿拉伯海港口修建一個機場。

Chinese and Pakistani authorities had selected these as the first so-called early-harvest projects of a longer-term plan to enhance economic ties and transport links between Pakistan and China, which share a border and have had close diplomatic and defense ties for decades, largely due to their mutual distrust of India.

中國和巴基斯坦有關部門選擇這些項目作爲一個更長期計劃中的早期收穫項目。而這個更長期計劃是爲了加強巴基斯坦和中國之間的經濟和運輸聯繫。中國和巴基斯坦有共同的邊境線。主要出於兩國均不信任印度的原因，中巴之間數十年來保持着緊密的外交和國防聯繫。

The long-term plan to build a China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, including an oil and gas pipeline from Gwadar to China's northwestern border, has been discussed for years, but has been repeatedly delayed by corruption, economic instability and security issues in Pakistan, analysts and diplomats say.

發展中巴經濟走廊(Economic Corridor)的長期計劃中包括一條從瓜達爾到中國西北邊境的油氣管道。分析人士和外交人士說，這一長期計劃討論了數年，但由於巴基斯坦的腐敗、經濟不穩定以及安全問題而不斷被延遲。

'In the past, the economic relationship could not match the political one. Now the leadership on both sides has realized that we have to bridge that gap,' Mr. Iqbal told The Wall Street Journal in a telephone interview.

伊克巴爾在接受《華爾街日報》(The Wall Street Journal)電話採訪時說：過去，兩國的經濟關係達不到政治關係的程度。現在，兩國的領導層已經認識到我們必須填補這個差距。

'The main idea is not just a bilateral corridor. We're seeking a much broader integration of the region. Essentially, this economic corridor will integrate a region with a population of some three billion people--about half the world.'

他說，我們主要考慮的不僅僅是經濟走廊，而是尋求對這一地區進行更廣泛的整合。中巴經濟走廊打通後將起到地區整合的作用，該地區人口約30億，佔全球總人口的近一半。

In recent months, China has renewed its commitment to the economic corridor. Analysts say Beijing hopes the project will establish a new route for energy imports from the Middle East and help to promote economic growth in China's northwestern region of Xinjiang, home to a separatist movement among members of the mostly Muslim Uighur minority.

最近數月，中國重申了對中巴經濟走廊的支持承諾。分析師稱，中國希望這一項目能夠開闢新的中東能源進口路線，並幫助推動新疆經濟發展。新疆地處中國西北，是以穆斯林少數民族爲主的分裂分子的主要活動地區。

Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying told a regular briefing on Tuesday that the planned economic corridor would have a 'model effect' on the region. 'This project is also important for strengthening the entire communication between South Asia and East Asia, bringing economic development and improving the quality of life in the peripheries [of China and Pakistan],' she said.

中國外交部發言人華春瑩在週二的例行記者會上表示，中巴經濟走廊的倡議將爲地區合作提供示範。她還表示，該項目將促進南亞、東亞互聯互通，對帶動周邊經濟發展和民生改善也具有積極意義。

Mr. Iqbal said the Pakistani government was hoping that most of the early harvest projects would be funded through private investment from Chinese companies on a build-operate-transfer basis as well as through concessional loans from China. 'They're saying they'll decide what to fund on a project by project basis,' he said of the Chinese authorities. 'We'll complete the projects tomorrow.'

伊克巴爾說，巴基斯坦政府希望中資企業私人投資以及中國提供的優惠貸款能爲大多數早期收穫項目提供資金，其中前者入資是在建設-運營-移交的基礎上進行（即所謂BOT模式）。伊克巴爾說，中方會逐一評估每個項目以決定出資金額，明天應該能完成項目評估。

The early harvest projects included construction of a motorway from the eastern Pakistani city of Lahore to the southern port of Karachi, and upgrading a stretch of road from China's border to the Pakistani capital, Islamabad, he said. Also included were plans to build an airport, a power plant and new roads in Gwadar and to upgrade rail infrastructure between Lahore and the northwestern city of Peshawar, he said.

伊克巴爾說，早期收穫項目包括修建一條連接巴基斯坦東部城市拉合爾(Lahore)和南部港口城市卡拉奇(Karachi)的高速公路，並升級中國邊境至巴基斯坦首都伊斯蘭堡(Islamabad)的公路路段。此外還將在瓜達爾修建一個機場、一座發電站以及新公路，同時升級拉合爾和西北部城市白沙瓦(Peshawar)之間的鐵路基礎設施。

The initial list also included investment in ongoing projects to develop the Thar coalfield and construct power plants in Gadani, in the southern province of Baluchistan, and Sahiwal, in the southern province of Sindh, he said.

項目初步內容還包括投資開發塔爾(Thar)煤礦，並在南部的俾路支省(Baluchistan)加達尼(Gadani)和南部信德省(Sindh)的薩希瓦爾(Sahiwal)建造發電站。這兩個項目目前都在進行之中。

He said Chinese and Pakistani authorities planned to draw up a timetable by August this year for longer term projects, which included the pipeline from Gwadar to China and a new rail link across the border.

伊克巴爾說，中巴政府計劃在今年8月前爲中長期項目制定時間表。中長期項目包括瓜達爾至中國的輸油管道及連接兩國的新鐵路。

Last year, China agreed to build two large 1,100 megawatt nuclear power plants for Pakistan in Karachi under a $9 billion deal, financed largely through a concessional loan from China.

去年，中國同意出資90億美元爲巴基斯坦修建兩座1,100兆瓦的大型核電站，這兩座核電站位於卡拉奇，主要資金來源爲中國優惠貸款。