雙語科技百科(近現代成就) 第125期:首都國際機場

Beijing Capital International Airport

北京首都國際機場

Beijing Capital International Airport is located in northeast of Beijing , capital of the People's Republic of China, and 25. 35km from the Tiananmen Square, to the north-east of the Beijing cit)t-center. It is not only an aviation gateway of Beijing and a window for international communication, but also a radial center for China civil aviation network, featured in a large-scale international airport, with most important location, biggest scale, fullest facilities and busiest transportation in China.

北京首都國際機場簡稱首都機場，是中華人民共和國北京市的主要的國際機場。北京首都國際機場位於北京市區東北方向，距離天安門廣場25. 35千米。中國地理位置最重要、規模最大、設備最齊全、運輸任務最繁忙的大型國際航空港。北京首都國際機場不但是中國首都北京的空中門戶和對外交往的窗口，而且是中國民航最重要的航空樞紐，是中國民用航空網絡的輻射中心。並且是當前中國最繁忙的民用機場。也是中國國際航空公司的基地機場。

Beijing Capital International Airport is the only airport that consists of three terminal buildings in China. Beijing Airport was opened on March 2, 1958. The airport then consisted of one small terminal building, which still stands to this day, apparently for the use of VIPs and charter flights. On January l, 1980, a newer, larger building opened, with 60000 square meters of space, The terminal (Tl) was larger than the one in the 1950s, but by the mid-1990s, it was too small. Terminal 2 (T2) was officially opened on November l, 1999, with 336000 square meters of space. Terminal l was then closed for renovation after the opening of Terminal 2 and was reopened on September 20, 2004.

北京首都國際機場是中國國內唯一擁有三條跑道的國際機場。首都機場於1958年3月2日投入使用，是中國首個投入使用的民用機場。當時僅有一座小型候機樓，主要用於VIP乘客和包租的飛機。1980年1月1日，面積爲6萬平方米的一號航站樓及配套工程建成並正式投入使用。隨着客流量的不斷增大，一號樓客流量日趨飽和。重新規劃的建築面積達33.6萬平方米，裝備先進技術設備的二號航站樓於1995年10月開始建設，並於1999年11月1日正式投入使用。二號航站樓投入使用的同時，一號航站樓開始停用裝修。2004年9月20日，整修一新的一號航站樓重新投入使用。

The third colossal expansion, including Terminal 3 (T3) , a third runway and a rail link to the city-center, was completed before August, 2008, in time for the Beijing Olympics. At its opening with a south-to-north length of 2900 meters, Terminal 3 was the largest man-made structure in the world in terms of area covered (986,000 m2 ) , and a major landmark in Beijing representing the growing and developing Chinese city. Fresh from hosting the 2008 0lympic Games and completion of its new terminal building, the Beijing Capital International Airport has overtaken Tokyo Haneda to be the busiest airport in Asia based on scheduled seat capacity.

爲迎接2008年北京奧運會的召開，首都機場進行了第三次擴建，包插3號航站樓、第三條跑道和機場到北京市區的北京機場軌道交通線。擴建工程於2008年8月之前全部建成投入使用。三號航站樓建成後是國內面積最大的單體建築，總建築面積98.6萬平方米，南北向長2900米。擴建後的北京首都國際機場成爲代表北京成長和發展的地標，北京奧運會的召開和3號航站樓的建設也使得北京首都國際機場取代東京國際機場（羽田）成爲亞洲飛機起降最爲繁忙的機場。