扎克伯格榮登美國慈善家榜榜首

Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg topped the list of US philanthropists who opened their cheque books to make big donations in 2013, with his gift of almost $1bn to a Silicon Valley charity.

在2013年慷慨捐贈的美國慈善家中，Facebook創始人馬克•扎克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)榮登首位——他向硅谷一家慈善機構捐款近10億美元。

Mr Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan, his wife, gave 18m Facebook shares worth about $990m to the Silicon Valley Community Foundation in December, nearly 30 per cent of the $3.4bn total given to charity last year.

去年12月，扎克伯格和他的妻子普莉希拉•陳(Priscilla Chan)向硅谷社區基金會(Silicon Valley Community Foundation)捐出價值約9.90億美元的1800萬股Facebook股票，佔到了去年全美34億美元慈善捐款總額的近30%。

The gift – to a charity which works to support the neighbourhood where Facebook has its headquarters – marks the first time a philanthropist under the age of 30 has given the largest single donation. Mr Zuckerberg ranked second in 2012 behind Warren Buffett.

這筆捐款標誌着，扎克伯格成爲首位捐出最大單筆捐款的30歲以下慈善家。而捐贈對象硅谷社區基金會負責支持Facebook總部所在地的社區發展。在2012年美國慈善家排行榜上，扎克伯格排在第二位，僅次於沃倫•巴菲特(Warren Buffett)。

Last year also saw a rise in the number of donations of more than $100m, with 14 US citizens including Michael Bloomberg and David Koch giving at least that sum, according to the Chronicle of Philanthropy, which compiled the list. This compares with 11 who gave more than $100m in 2012.

此外，根據編制該榜單的《慈善紀事報》(Chronicle of Philanthropy)的數據，2013年，超過1億美元的捐款筆數增加，有14位美國公民的捐款不低於1億美元，包括邁克爾•布隆伯格(Michael Bloomberg)和大衛•科赫(David Koch)。2012年爲11位。

Stacy Palmer, the Chronicle’s editor, said the rise in large gifts was a sign of the improvement in the economy and the stock market. She said it made her “optimistic” that 2014 could be a strong year for philanthropy.

《慈善紀事報》編輯斯泰西•帕爾默(Stacy Palmer)表示，大額捐款筆數的增加表明經濟和股市均出現好轉。她表示，這讓她對2014年慈善事業可能紅紅火火感到“樂觀”。

“I think this is a good sign. I’ve noticed a lot of non-profits saying their end of year fundraising has gone well, which was not the case in the past few years when it was a real struggle,” she said.

她表示：“我覺得這是一個很好的跡象。我注意到，很多非盈利機構都表示它們的年終籌款進展順利，而在過去幾年則不同，當時籌款確實很難。”

But gifts are not yet back to the level seen before the recession, with a total of $4.1bn donated in 2007.

然而，捐款總額尚未回到衰退前的水平，2007年的捐款總額爲41億美元。

Mr Zuckerberg is “remarkably young” for such a large donation, which follows another gift of shares worth $500m to the same foundation last year, Ms Palmer said.

帕爾默表示，對於如此鉅額的捐款而言，扎克伯格“異常年輕”，他曾在2012年向同一家基金會捐出價值5億美元的股票。

“One of the things that is interesting about the Zuckerberg gifts is he is giving to a community foundation which supports lots of different causes, instead of setting up his own foundation in his name . . . like Gates, Carnegie or Rockefeller,” she said.

她表示：“扎克伯格捐款的一個有趣之處在於，他把錢捐給了一家支持多種不同事業的社區基金會，而不是像蓋茨(Gates)、卡內基(Carnegie)和洛克菲勒(Rockefeller)那樣，以自己的名義創建基金會。”

Mr Zuckerberg’s donation comes at a time of tension between the technology industry and other communities in the Bay Area, some of which have protested about the affluent tech workers pushing up rents.

在扎克伯格慷慨解囊之際，美國灣區(Bay Area)科技行業正與當地的其他社區關係出現緊張，一些社區抗議富有的科技從業人員推高了租金。

Ms Palmer added other technology billionaires were also making large donations, often focusing on education or scientific advances, but many preferred to give anonymously.

帕爾默補充稱，科技界的其他億萬富翁也有大筆捐款，他們通常關注教育或科學進步，但很多人更喜歡匿名捐贈。

Phil Knight, chairman of Nike, and his wife were the second-largest givers in the US in 2013 with their pledge of $500m to the Oregon Health & Science University Foundation for cancer research.

在美國2013年慈善家排行榜上，耐克(Nike)董事長菲爾•奈特(Phil Knight)和妻子排在第二位，他們向俄勒岡健康與科學大學基金會(Oregon Health & Science University Foundation)捐款5億美元，用於癌症研究。

Mr Knight was followed by Michael Bloomberg, former mayor of New York, who pledged $350m to his alma mater, Johns Hopkins University, to promote cross-disciplinary work and for student financial aid.

排在奈特後面的是前紐約市長邁克爾•布隆伯格，他向他的母校約翰霍普金斯大學(Johns Hopkins University)捐款3.50億美元，以促進跨學科工作和用於發放助學金。

Colleges and universities were the main beneficiaries of large donations in 2013 with 12 of the 15 leading gifts going to higher education. Charles Johnson, the financier, pledged $250m to Yale University for new buildings, while Stephen Ross, the real estate developer, pledged $200m to the University of Michigan.

學院和大學是2013年大額慈善捐款的主要受益者，在15筆金額最高的捐款中，有12筆流向高校。金融家查爾斯•約翰遜(Charles Johnson)向耶魯大學(Yale University)捐款2.50億美元，用於新建建築，房地產開發商斯蒂芬•羅斯(Stephen Ross)也向密歇根大學(University of Michigan)捐款2億美元。

Other recipients included Stanford University, Columbia Business School and Tsinghua University in Beijing.

其他接受捐款的院校包括斯坦福大學(Stanford University)、哥倫比亞大學商學院(Columbia Business School)和中國北京的清華大學(Tsinghua University)。