雅思閱讀之非謂語動詞結構學習內容
要想提高雅思閱讀能力，平時的積累練習很重要。下面，小編給大家整理了雅思閱讀中常見的非謂語動詞結構學習內容，大家可以作爲學習的參考。
Ⅰ動詞不定式：
動詞不定式的時態和語態
1)構成：(以動詞“do”爲例)
主動態：一般式"to do";完成式"to have done";進行式"to be doing";完成進行式“to have been doing”
被動態：一般式"to be done";完成式“ to have been done"
否定式：not+不定式
2)不定式的時態：
①不定式的一般式表示的動作與主句謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生或之後發生。
He seems to know her address.(：=It seems that he knows her address.)
I hope to see you again.(=I hope that I’11 see you again.)
②不定式的進行體表示的動作正在進行，與主句謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生。其用法主要有以下幾種情況：
a 常用在"appear，happen，pretend，seem，hope，promise"之後。
She pretended to be listening attentively.
Tom appeared to be living in this area.
I hope to be earning my living in a year’s time.(I hope 1 will/would be earning my living)
I promised to be waiting at the door when he came out.
b 常用在"believe，consider，suppose，think，know，report，say，understand"等動詞的被動式之後。
He is thought/known/believed/said/supposed to be living in this area = People think/know/ believe/ say/suppose that she is living abroad.[據認爲(據知，據信，據說，據猜測)她住在國外。]
[注]“be supposed to”通常含有“應該”意思，表示一定的責任和義務。
You are supposed to know how to use a computer=You should know how to use a computer.
You are supposed to have been studying=You should have been studying.
Students are not supposed to cook in their dormitory=Students shouldn’t cook in their dormitory.
3)不定式的完成體：
①用於表達發生在主句謂語動詞之前的動作或狀態，也可以表達預計在將來某一時刻之前完成的動作或狀態。
I am sorry to have given you so much trouble.(=I am sorry that I have given you so much trouble.)
We’re leaving at five o’clock in the morning，and hope to have done most of the journey by lunchtime.
②不定式完成進行體主要用於“appear，seem，happen，pretend"等之後，也可用於"believe，know，report，say，understand"等動詞的被動式之後。
He appears to have been waiting for a long time.
He is believed to have been waiting for a message.
[注]不定式的完成進行體與不定式的完成體略有不同，試比較：
He seems to have eaten the apples.(蘋果已被吃光。)
He seems to have been eating the apples.(蘋果尚未完全吃光。)
③不定式的完成體還可以表達本該發生卻未發生的事情常帶這種不定式的謂語動詞有：“pretend，intend， appear，seem，should like，expect"等。
以上就是小編爲大家分享的“雅思閱讀之非謂語動詞結構學習內容”，希望可以給大家在學習英語過程中帶來幫助，如果需要了解更多的雅思英語學習資訊，可以登錄滬江網。
