王毅：攜手打造人類命運共同體

攜手打造人類命運共同體
Work Together to Create a Community of Shared Future for Mankind
王毅
Wang Yi

2016年5月31日
31 May 2016
黨的十八大以來，以習近平同志爲總書記的黨中央深刻洞察人類前途命運和時代發展趨勢，準確把握中國與世界關係的戰略走向，在一系列國際場合提出打造人類命運共同體的重要倡議，引起國際社會熱烈反響，對當代國際關係正在產生積極而深遠的影響。在黨中央堅強領導下，中國外交高舉打造人類命運共同體的旗幟，奮力開拓、闊步前行，維護世界和平、促進共同發展，譜寫着中華民族走向偉大復興新的輝煌篇章。
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary has, with a keen appreciation of the future of mankind and the trend of the times and an accurate grasp of the strategic direction of China’s relationship with the rest of the world, put forward the important vision of creating a community of shared future for mankind on a number of international occasions. This vision has received warm response from the wider international community and is exerting positive and far-reaching influence on contemporary international relations. Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee and holding high the banner of creating a community of shared future for mankind, China is making great strides in its diplomacy to uphold world peace and promote common development and is writing another splendid chapter in its journey toward the great renewal of the Chinese nation.
中國特色大國外交理論創新的重大成果
A Major Innovation in the Theory of Major-country Diplomacy with Chinese Features
人類命運共同體理念植根於源遠流長的中華文明和波瀾壯闊的中國外交實踐，契合各國求和平、謀發展、促合作、要進步的真誠願望和崇高追求，有着深刻豐富的理論內涵。3年多來，習近平同志在許多國際場合就這一理念作了重要論述。2015年9月，在聯合國成立70週年系列峯會上，他全面闡述打造人類命運共同體的內涵，強調要建立平等相待、互商互諒的夥伴關係，營造公道正義、共建共享的安全格局，謀求開放創新、包容互惠的發展前景，促進和而不同、兼收幷蓄的文明交流，構築尊崇自然、綠色發展的生態體系。這五個方面形成了打造人類命運共同體的總佈局和總路徑，描繪了國際關係發展的美好前景，成爲中國特色大國外交理論創新的重大成果。這五個方面從不同角度詮釋了人類命運共同體的內涵，相輔相成、缺一不可，形成一個完整統一的有機整體。
The vision of a community of shared future for mankind is rooted in the time-honored Chinese civilization and the great conduct of China’s diplomacy. It also meets the sincere wishes and lofty aspirations of all countries for peace, development, cooperation and progress. This vision, therefore, has profound and rich theoretical meaning. In the past three years and more, President Xi Jinping has expounded on this important vision on numerous international occasions. In September 2015, at the summits commemorating the 70th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations, President Xi Jinping fully elaborated on the vision, laying emphasis on the need to forge partnerships in which countries treat each other as equals, engage in mutual consultation and show mutual understanding, create a security architecture featuring fairness, justice, joint contribution and shared benefits, promote open, innovative and inclusive development that benefits all, increase inter-civilization exchanges to enhance harmony, inclusiveness and respect for differences, and build an eco-system that puts mother nature and green development first. These five aspects, taken together, constitute the overall approach to create a community of shared future for mankind, depict a bright future for progress of international relations and represent a major innovation in the theory of major-country diplomacy with Chinese features. Each presenting the community of shared future for mankind from a different perspective, the five aspects are mutually reinforcing and indispensable parts of an integral whole.
構建夥伴關係是主要途徑。打造人類命運共同體，要從構建全球夥伴關係做起。習近平同志強調，我們要在國際和區域層面建設全球夥伴關係，走出一條“對話而不對抗，結伴而不結盟”的國與國交往新路。打造人類命運共同體，倡導各國擺脫結盟或對抗的窠臼，順應時代發展潮流，平等相待、互商互諒，探索構建不設假想敵、不針對第三方、具有包容性和建設性的夥伴關係。這爲各國正確處理相互關係指明瞭方向和途徑。
Building partnerships is a major pathway. It is where we should start if we are to create a community of shared future for mankind. Comrade Xi Jinping has stressed that we need to build global partnerships at regional and international levels and find a new path for state-to-state interactions featuring dialogue and partnership rather than confrontation and alliance. To create a community of shared future for mankind calls on all countries to abandon the outdated mindset of seeking alliance or confrontation, act along the trend of the times, treat each other as equals, value consultation and mutual understanding, and explore partnerships that are inclusive and constructive instead of targeting at an imagined enemy or any third party. This has made the direction and route clear for countries to properly handle their relations.
實現共同安全是重要保障。當今世界，各國安全相互關聯、彼此影響。沒有真正的安全，就不可能打造人類命運共同體。習近平同志指出，要樹立共同、綜合、合作、可持續安全的新觀念，統籌應對傳統和非傳統安全威脅，走出一條共建共享共贏的安全之路。這一安全觀是對世界和平與安全事業的積極貢獻，有利於各國增進互信與協作、共同應對安全難題、維護世界和地區和平。
Realizing security for all is an important guarantee. Today, security of all countries is inter-related and will affect each other. Without genuine security, it would be impossible to create a community of shared future for mankind. Comrade Xi Jinping has pointed out that it is important to establish a new vision for common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, address traditional and non-traditional security threats in a coordinated manner, and ensure that security is upheld and shared by all. A positive contribution to global peace and security, the new security vision will help enhance mutual trust and coordination among countries and enable them to work together to address security challenges and maintain world and regional peace.
堅持合作共贏是基本原則。新的時代呼喚新的思維。習近平同志指出，要構建以合作共贏爲核心的新型國際關係，摒棄零和遊戲、你輸我贏的舊思維，樹立雙贏、共贏的新理念，在追求自身利益時兼顧他方利益，在尋求自身發展時促進共同發展。中國積極倡導合作共贏，以合作取代對抗，以共贏取代獨佔。這從根本上摒棄了弱肉強食的叢林法則，有利於開闢國與國之間攜手共進、共同發展的新時代。
Win-win cooperation is the fundamental principle. New era calls for new mentality. Comrade Xi Jinping has pointed out that it is important to build a new type of international relations featuring win-win cooperation, replace the old mindset of zero-sum game with a new thinking for win-win and all-win progress, accommodate others’ interests while pursuing one’s own and promote common development while striving for one’s own. China is a strong advocate for win-win cooperation, which should take the place of confrontation and exclusiveness. This fundamentally rejects the law of the jungle under which the weak is bullied by the strong and will help open up a new era of joint progress and common development for all countries.
促進文明交流是牢固紐帶。建設人類命運共同體，促進文明交流互鑑是重要一環。習近平同志強調，不同民族、不同文明沒有優劣之分，只有特色之別；不同文明和諧共處、交流互鑑，可以成爲增進各國人民友誼的橋樑、推動人類社會進步的動力、維護世界和平的紐帶。只有秉持這樣的文明觀，不同文明才能實現共同發展，共同促進人類社會和諧進步。而鼓吹“文明衝突論”或“文明優越論”，是與打造人類命運共同體背道而馳的。
Promoting inter-civilization exchanges is a strong bond. It is an important aspect of the endeavor to build a community of shared future for mankind. Comrade Xi Jinping has stressed that each nation and civilization have its distinct features, and no one can claim to be superior to others. Diverse civilizations, through harmonious coexistence and mutual learning, may become a bridge of friendship among peoples, a driving force for social progress and a bond for world peace. Only with such attitude toward civilization can different civilizations flourish together and jointly promote harmony and progress of human society. Any rhetoric to stir up “clash of civilizations” or trumpet the superiority of a certain civilization runs counter to the endeavor to create a community of shared future for mankind.
推動可持續發展是必要條件。習近平同志指出，國際社會應該攜手同行，牢固樹立尊重自然、順應自然、保護自然的意識，堅持走綠色、低碳、循環、可持續發展之路，實現世界的可持續發展和人的全面發展。人類社會實踐表明，只有如此，各國才能解決好工業文明帶來的矛盾，以人與自然和諧相處爲目標，一道建設和維護人類共同的地球家園。
Promoting sustainable development is an important precondition. Comrade Xi Jinping has made it clear that the international community should work together to raise the awareness of the need to respect, accommodate and protect nature, adhere to the path of green, low-carbon, circular and sustainable development, and realize sustainable development of the world and all-round development of human being. The history of human society shows that only in this way can countries effectively address challenges brought by industrial civilization, work for harmony between man and nature, and jointly build and protect our shared planet.
人類發展與世界和平事業的中國元素
The China Element in the Cause of Human Development and World Peace
打造人類命運共同體理念，引領人類發展進步潮流，推動世界和平與繁榮實踐，具有鮮明的中國特徵。
The vision of a community of shared future for mankind charts the course for human development and progress, and aims to promote world peace and prosperity. It is a vision with distinct Chinese features.
正義性。打造人類命運共同體，意味着各國不分大小、強弱、貧富一律平等，共同享受尊嚴、發展成果和安全保障，維護以聯合國憲章宗旨和原則爲核心的國際關係基本準則和國際法基本原則，弘揚和平、發展、公平、正義、民主、自由等全人類的共同價值。這就牢牢佔據了人類道義和時代發展的制高點。
It is a vision of justice. In a community of shared future for mankind, all countries, irrespective of their size, strength and wealth, are equal, and all are entitled to enjoy dignity, development benefits and security guarantee due to them; all observe the basic norms governing international relations centering around the purposes and principles of the UN Charter as well as the basic principles of international law, and all work to uphold the universal values of peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy and freedom. The vision is based on a moral high ground and leads the trend of development of the times.
和平性。和平是中國外交的根本屬性，也是打造人類命運共同體的本質特徵和重要前提。打造人類命運共同體，需要各國都堅持走和平發展道路，反對使用或威脅使用武力；既堅定維護國家主權和正當權益，又堅持通過對話協商以和平方式處理國際爭端，實現各國和睦相處、和諧共生、和平發展。
It is a vision of peace. The fundamental nature of China’s diplomacy is for peace, and peace constitutes the nature and a prerequisite of the vision of a community of shared future for mankind. To build such a community, all countries are called upon to adhere to the path of peaceful development, oppose the use or threat of force, be resolute in upholding the sovereignty and legitimate rights and interests of a nation, and stay committed to peaceful settlement of international disputes through dialogue and negotiation. The purpose is to bring about harmony and amity among nations as well as peaceful development for all.
包容性。人類命運共同體是一個生機勃勃、開放包容的體系。不同地理區域、歷史文化、社會制度、經濟體量、發展階段的國家，只要認同人類命運共同體的核心理念，就可以求同存異、和而不同、加強合作、謀求共贏，維護和拓展各自正當國家利益，併爲推動人類社會發展進步作出應有貢獻。
The vision is an inclusive one. The community of shared future for mankind is in itself an open and inclusive system that holds bright prospects. It brings countries together, however different they may be in geographical location, history, culture, social system, size of economy or development stage. As a core concept of such a community, countries come together in a common cause to foster common ground and harmonious coexistence by shelving their differences, and all work to strengthen win-win cooperation, uphold and expand legitimate national interests, and each contribute their fair share to human development and progress.
綜合性。人類命運共同體是一個多向度的概念。從地理區域看，中國在雙邊、地區、全球層面都提出了構建命運共同體倡議。從領域內涵看，人類命運共同體理念涵蓋政治、安全、發展、文明、生態等多個領域。從發展進程看，可以分爲利益共同體、責任共同體和命運共同體三個階段。利益共享、責任共擔，爲打造命運共同體提供重要基礎和必由之路，打造命運共同體則是構建利益共同體和責任共同體的結合和昇華。
The vision is an integrated one. The community of shared future for mankind is a multi-dimensional concept. In terms of geographical scope, China has called for building communities of shared future at the bilateral, regional and global levels. In terms of content, the community of shared future covers the political field, as well as security, development, culture and the environment. The evolution of the vision has gone through three stages: a community of shared interests, a community of shared responsibilities and a community of shared future. Shared interests and shared responsibilities constituted the foundation and due path for building a community of shared future, which is an elevated integration of the community of shared interests and the community of shared responsibilities.
科學性。打造人類命運共同體，是對人類社會發展進步潮流的前瞻性思考，是需要國際社會爲之長期奮鬥的共同理想和願景目標，同時也是各國共同破解當下發展與安全難題、正確處理相互關係所應秉持的共同價值、行爲準則和手段路徑。打造人類命運共同體思想，從國際關係實踐中產生，又在實踐中不斷豐富發展，閃耀着辯證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義科學精神的光芒。
The vision is a scientific one. It is a forward-looking idea regarding the trend of development in the world. It represents a common aspiration and common goal of human development and requires long-term efforts of all countries in the world. At the same time, it represents the common value, code of conduct and pathway that countries need to embrace to jointly tackle the current development and security challenges and properly handle state-to-state relations. The vision originates from the practice of international relations and keeps moving forward with the development in the real world. It shines as the crystallization of dialectical materialism and historical materialism.國際秩序和國際體系變革的中國方案
A China Solution Regarding the Changing International Order and International System
打造人類命運共同體，爲人類社會發展進步指明瞭方向、描繪了藍圖。當前，世界正處於歷史性變革之中，國際秩序和格局以及全球治理體系正在發生深刻複雜演變。各國都在思考，應如何維護二戰後建立的以聯合國憲章宗旨和原則爲核心的國際秩序？如何推動國際關係朝着民主化、法治化、合理化的方向發展？如何在經濟全球化、世界多極化、文化多樣化、社會信息化的時代背景下推動各國同舟共濟、攜手合作，共同走向美好的明天？面對這些重大課題，中國倡導打造人類命運共同體，提出了推動國際秩序和國際體系變革的中國方案。按照這一方案，中國將與其他國家共同營造人人免於匱乏、獲得發展、享有尊嚴的光明前景，建設“各美其美，美人之美，美美與共，天下大同”的美好世界。
The vision of a community of shared future for mankind charts the course and draws the blueprint for human development and progress. Changes of a historic nature are taking place in the world, and the international order and the global landscape as well as the global governance system are in a process of profound and complex evolution. Countries are eagerly looking for solutions to such question as how to uphold the post-war international order with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter at the core? How to promote democracy, the rule of law and proper balance in international relations? How could countries work together for a better future at a time of growing economic globalization, multi-polarization, cultural diversity and in an information era? China’s solution to these significant questions is to build a community of shared future for mankind. The China solution is put forward to help address the changing international order and system. What it points to is a bright future where all are free from want, all have access to development and enjoy dignity, and all live in a beautiful world of harmony and mutual respect.

打造人類命運共同體，爲中華民族偉大復興開闢了新境界、提供了新動力。當今中國比歷史上任何時期都更加走近世界舞臺的中央，比歷史上任何時候都更加接近實現民族復興的目標。隨着中華民族偉大復興進入關鍵階段，中國與世界的前途命運空前緊密地聯繫在一起。中國倡導並推動人類命運共同體建設，把中國人民的利益同各國人民的共同利益結合起來，把中國夢同世界夢連結起來，賦予中華民族偉大復興更加深刻的世界意義，體現了中國將自身發展與世界共同發展相統一的全球視野、世界胸懷和大國擔當。在打造人類命運共同體進程中，中國推動世界各國和平共處、良性互動、合作共贏，將爲中華民族偉大復興營造良好外部環境。
The initiative of building a community of shared future for mankind has broken new ground for the great renewal of the Chinese nation and lent it fresh impetus. China today is moving closer to the center of the world stage and to realizing the goal of national renewal than ever before. As China enters the critical stage of the great national renewal, its future and destiny are ever more closely connected with that of the world. As part of advocating and advancing the building of a community of shared future for mankind, China will promote the interests of its own people in conjunction with the common interests of people all over the world and pursue the Chinese dream in the course of attaining the dream of the whole world, thus adding a more profound global significance to the great renewal of the Chinese nation. This demonstrates the global vision of China as a responsible major country to synergize its own development with the common development of the world. In building a community of shared future for mankind, China encourages all countries to coexist peacefully, engage in sound interaction and seek win-win cooperation. This in turn will create a favorable environment for the great renewal of the Chinese nation.

打造人類命運共同體，引領中國特色大國外交理論與實踐創新，豐富了黨中央治國理政的理念和方略。黨的十八大以來，以習近平同志爲總書記的黨中央在保持對外大政方針穩定性連續性基礎上，大力推進外交理論與實踐創新，開啓了中國特色大國外交新徵程。作爲中國外交創新的核心成果，打造人類命運共同體和實現中華民族偉大復興一道成爲中國特色大國外交追求的目標。在這一目標指引下，確立了以堅持和平發展爲戰略選擇、以尋求合作共贏爲基本原則、以建設夥伴關係爲主要路徑、以踐行正確義利觀爲價值取向的中國特色大國外交理論體系框架，豐富了以習近平同志爲總書記的黨中央治國理政的理念和方略，成爲中國特色社會主義理論體系的重要組成部分。
The initiative of building a community of shared future for mankind is a key component in China’s innovation in the theory and practice of major-country diplomacy with Chinese features and enriched the national governance approaches and strategies of the Party Central Committee. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary, on the basis of overall continuity in major foreign policies, has pioneered new theories and practices of Chinese foreign policy and set China on a new journey of major-country diplomacy with Chinese features. As the core outcome of these pioneering efforts, the building of a community of shared future for mankind, together with the realization of the great renewal of the Chinese nation, has been held up as twin goals of major-country diplomacy with Chinese features. It is under the guidance of this vision that we have established the theoretical framework of major-country diplomacy with Chinese features, with peaceful development as the strategic choice, win-win cooperation as the basic principle, partnership-building as the main pathway, and balanced approach to friendship and interests as the overarching principle. This has enriched the national governance approaches and strategies of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary and become an important component of the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

打造人類命運共同體，融會貫通中外優秀思想文化和智慧，增進了中國同世界的溝通認知。打造人類命運共同體理念，傳承和弘揚“和爲貴”“世界大同”“天人合一”等中華優秀傳統思想文化，同堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策、堅持和平共處五項原則、堅持互利共贏的開放戰略、堅持推動建設和諧世界等新中國優秀外交傳統一脈相承，同時反映了各國人民追求發展進步的共同願望以及一些區域和國家建立不同形式共同體的有益經驗，既具有鮮明的中國特色，又蘊含全人類共同價值，獲得世界各國特別是發展中國家的廣泛支持。這一理念尋求各國建設美好世界的最大公約數，不斷增進中外人民之間的思想和心靈溝通，加強中國同世界各國的認知認同。
The initiative of building a community of shared future for mankind has drawn on the culture and wisdom of both China and other countries and enhanced the communication and understanding between China and the world. The concept of community of shared future for mankind carries forward traditional Chinese philosophical beliefs such as “harmony is of paramount value”, “achieve universal prosperity in the whole world” and “unity of man and nature”. It is in line with the diplomatic traditions of New China, including the independent foreign policy of peace, Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence, win-win strategy of opening up and the building of a harmonious world. It also reflects the common aspiration of people all over the world for development and progress and the beneficial experience of some regions and countries in building communities. Embodying both salient Chinese features and common values of all mankind, it has won the support of countries all over the world, particularly developing ones. This concept is aimed to seek the broadest common interests of countries in building a better future for mankind, and will be conducive to enhancing heart-to-heart communication between people in China and other countries and the mutual understanding between China and the rest of the world.

“長風破浪會有時，直掛雲帆濟滄海。”中國不僅是打造人類命運共同體的倡導者，也是實踐者、貢獻者和先行者。在打造人類命運共同體的征程上，中國外交將繼續奏響和平發展、合作共贏的時代強音，爲實現“兩個一百年”奮鬥目標和中華民族偉大復興的中國夢營造更加有利的國際環境，爲推動人類和平與發展進步事業作出新的更大貢獻。
“A time will come to ride the wind and cleave the waves, I’ll set my cloud-like sail to cross the sea which raves.” China is not only an advocate for the building of a community of shared future, but also a practitioner, contributor and pioneer. On this journey, Chinese diplomacy will continue to uphold the themes of peaceful development and win-win cooperation, foster a more favorable international environment for the realization of the two centenary goals and the Chinese dream of great national renewal, and make new and even greater contribution to peace, development and progress of mankind.