各國公共財政惡化影響全球復甦

Public finances across the world are deteriorating, threatening to undermine the global recovery, the International Monetary Fund warned on Wednesday.

國際貨幣基金組織(IMF)週三警告稱，世界各國的公共財政都在惡化，這有可能破壞全球復甦。

Urging nations to find a “comprehensive policy package” to improve growth and public finances, the fund said action was urgently needed to reduce vulnerabilities in the global economy it has been highlighting in Washington this week.

IMF敦促各國出臺“全面的政策方案”來提高經濟增長並改善公共財政，它表示，各國亟需採取行動來降低全球經濟的脆弱性。IMF本週在華盛頓列舉了全球經濟的種種脆弱性。

High debt, low inflation and low growth have added to fiscal pressures in advanced economies, increasing the burden of public debt compared with previous forecasts. As a result, the ratio of debt to national income — currently 107.6 per cent of national income — is now only expected to begin to decline in 2017.

與此前的預測相比，高負債、低通脹和低增長加大了發達經濟體的財政壓力，增加了公共債務負擔。其結果是，債務與國民收入之比（目前達到107.6%）預計要到2017年纔會開始下降。

The IMF warned of “tough policy adjustments ahead” in emerging economies particularly in commodity exporters, but praised China’s fiscal package aimed at stabilising its economy. But it said Beijing should “ increase on-budget support for household consumption while scaling down off-budget public investment” to help the transition away from investment as the locomotive of growth.

IMF警告稱，新興經濟體（尤其是大宗商品出口國）面臨“艱鉅的政策調整”，但它讚揚了中國爲穩定經濟而出臺的財政政策。不過IMF表示，北京方面應該“在預算中增加對家庭消費的支持，同時削減預算外的公共投資”以幫助中國逐漸擺脫以投資促增長的經濟增長模式。