詞彙精選：heave的用法和辨析

一、詳細釋義：

n.

舉起；投擲

例句：

He gave the discus a tremendous heave.

他猛一使勁擲出鐵餅。

例句：

They gave a great heave and rolled the rock out of the way.

他們用力推，把大石頭從路上滾到旁邊。

起伏；波動；隆起

例句：

Based on the ideal of stochastic medium, the ground ridging induced by frost heave submits to normal distribution.

根據隨機介質的思想，土體凍脹引起的地表隆起近似爲正態分佈。

嘔吐

例句：

The way Michael fawns on the boss makes heave.

邁克討好老闆的樣子真叫我噁心。

v.

舉起；投擲 [I,T]

例句：

It took five strong men to heave it up a ramp and lower it into place.

用了5個壯漢把它拉上斜坡並向下放置到位。

例句：

The searing wind shrieks behind him, and mounting offshore swells heave him along.

凜冽的風在他身後狂嘯，洶涌巨浪把他向前拋送。

（使）起伏 [I,T]

例句：

His chest heaved, and he took a deep breath.

他的胸膛上下起伏，然後他深深地吸了一口氣。

例句：

As the wind increased, the deck of the ship began to heave beneath his feet.

風更加猛烈了，他腳下的甲板開始搖晃起伏。

喘息；嘆息 [I,T]

例句：

The thought of it makes me heave.

一想到那事我就噁心。

例句：

I bury my face in my hands and heave a sigh.

我掩着面嘆息。

噁心；嘔吐 [I,T]

例句：

The thought of it makes me heave.

一想到那事我就噁心。

例句：

A performance like that makes me want to heave up.

像那樣的表演簡直令我作嘔。

二、詞義辨析：

lift,hoist,raise,elevate,heave,boost

這些動詞均有“升起，舉起”之意。lift指用人力或機械力把某物升到較高的位置。hoist多指用繩索、滑輪等機械把重物升起。raise較正式用詞，常可與lift換用，但強調把某物舉起或擡起到應有的高度。常用比喻。elevate較正式用詞，指位置、高度的升高，多作比喻用，指職位、品德等的提高。heave指需花大力氣或借外力才能舉起或擡起重物。boost原義指從後面或下面推起或提高，現常用於指提高價格、振作精神等抽象概念。

三、詞義辨析：

throw,cast,fling,heave,hurl,pitch,toss

這些動詞均有“拋、投、擲”之意。throw普通用詞，使用廣泛，僅指用力拋擲，不涉及動作方式或感情色彩。cast常可與throw互換，指迅速扔出一個重量較輕的物體。fling指用力投擲，或因感情激動而粗暴地或漫無目的地扔東西。 heave指把重物舉起後扔出。hurl通常指用力投擲，動作迅猛，所投擲的距離也較遠。pitch指隨意地、輕輕地擲或扔，側重方向性和有明確的目標。toss指無什麼目的地、輕輕地、隨意地擲或扔，所扔擲的東西一般都比較輕。

四、相關短語：

heave up

起錨;嘔吐;隆起,起伏

frost heave

凍脹，冰凍隆脹

一、參考例句：

Heave ho, my hearties!

夥伴們，用力呀！

A performance like that makes me want to heave up.

像那樣的表演簡直令我作嘔。

I managed to heave the trunk down the stairs.

我用力把箱子弄下樓梯。

I heave a sigh, my head buried in my hands.

我掩着面嘆息。

Tumbling like the waves of the ocean, the banks of clouds heave and roll.

層層白雲如同汪洋大海的波浪，波濤起伏。

It took five strong men to heave it up a ramp and lower it into place.

用了5個壯漢把它拉上斜坡並向下放置到位。

I bury my face in my hands and heave a sigh.

我掩着面嘆息。

They heave at the heavy box, but can not lift it.

他們想搬動那隻很重的箱子，但擡不起來。

As the wind increased, the deck of the ship began to heave beneath his feet.

風更加猛烈了，他腳下的甲板開始搖晃起伏。

The searing wind shrieks behind him, and mounting offshore swells heave him along.

凜冽的風在他身後狂嘯，洶涌巨浪把他向前拋送。