歐洲要求希臘週日前達成協議解決債務危機

BRUSSELS — European leaders, angered after Greece’s new finance minister showed up for an emergency meeting in Brussels without a new proposal to resolve the nation’s huge debt crisis, late Tuesday gave the Athens government until Sunday to reach an agreement to save its battered economy from a meltdown.

布魯塞爾——週二，希臘新財長在布魯塞爾召開的緊急會議露面上，卻沒有提交解決該國鉅額債務危機的新提案，激怒了歐洲領導人。週二晚間，歐洲領導人要求希臘政府在週日之前達成協議，挽救其遭受重創的經濟，避免發生崩潰。

“I have no doubt that this is the most critical moment in our history,” Donald Tusk, the president of the European Council, the body that hosts summit gatherings, told reporters after yet another round of fruitless meetings in Brussels.

“我毫不懷疑，這是我們歷史上最關鍵的時刻，”歐洲理事會(European Council)主席唐納德·圖斯克(Donald Tusk)在又一輪無果而終的會議之後，在布魯塞爾對記者說。歐洲理事會是主辦峯會的機構。

“The situation is really critical and unfortunately we can’t exclude the black scenarios of no agreement,” he said, warning that these included “the bankruptcy of Greece and the insolvency of its banking system” and great pain for the Greek people. Also looming ever larger was the prospect of Greece leaving the European currency union.

“形勢真的很緊迫，不幸的是，我們不能排除達不成任何協議的最糟情況，”他警告說，這些情況包括“希臘破產，該國銀行體系無力償債”，希臘人民承受極大的痛苦。希臘退出歐洲貨幣聯盟的可能性也日益增加。

He said all 28 European Union leaders would gather at the meeting on Sunday for what he described as a final chance to resolve a Greek crisis that began more than five years ago and, after a period of calm following huge bailout deals, resumed with new intensity in January following the victory of Syriza, a left-wing party, in Greek parliamentary elections.

他表示，週日的會議將是解決希臘危機的最後一次機會，歐盟28國領導人將全部出席。希臘危機已經持續超過五年，在達成鉅額救援協議之後，經過了一段平靜時期。但自從今年1月激進左翼聯盟(Syriza)在希臘議會選舉中獲勝之後，危機又再次加劇。

Deadlines have repeatedly slipped in the past but European Union leaders on Tuesday scheduled an emergency gathering for Sunday that might really be a crunch point. “This could be the last meeting about Greece,” Prime Minister Matteo Renzi of Italy told reporters on Tuesday night.

過去，最後期限被一再打破。但本週二，歐盟領導人安排在週日召開一個緊急會議，屆時可能真的會成爲最後關口。 “那可能是關於希臘的最後一次會議，”意大利總理馬泰奧·倫齊(Matteo Renzi)週二夜裏告訴記者。

Tuesday’s effort to break the deadlock got off to an inauspicious start when Greece’s new finance minister, Euclid Tsakalotos, on his second day in the job, failed to present a detailed plan at a meeting of finance ministers called to review Syriza’s demands after Greek voters rejected previous terms on offer from Europe in a referendum on Sunday.

打破僵局的行動本週二出師不利，希臘新財長歐幾里德·察卡洛託斯(Euclid Tsakalotos)未能在財長會議上提交一份詳細的計劃，這是他上任的第二天。希臘選民在上週日的全民公投中否決了歐洲之前的提議之後，歐洲安排了此次會議，來審議激進左翼聯盟的要求。

The failure to present concrete proposals on Tuesday turned what had been billed as a last-chance opportunity for Greece into another display of the substantive and stylistic gulf between the government of Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras and his country’s big creditors, starting with Germany and other European countries that use the euro.

週二拿出具體方案被宣揚爲希臘最後的機會，但這一點未能達成。這一情節再一次突顯出，希臘總理亞歷克西斯·齊普拉斯(Alexis Tsipras)領導的政府，與該國最大的債權人德國及其他歐元區國家之間，存在行事風格的差異和實質性的分歧。

Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany, speaking after an inconclusive meeting attended by Mr. Tsipras and leaders of 17 other countries that use the euro, made it clear that eurozone leaders were determined to set a very high bar for Athens before the Thursday deadline.

齊普拉斯和其他17個歐元區國家的領導人出席的一場會議無果而終。德國總理安格拉·默克爾(Angela Merkel)在會後明確表示，歐元區領導人決心要在週四的最後期限之前，給希臘提出很高的要求。

“There are only a few days left for a discussion on what’s going to happen in the future,” she said. But if a Greek offer made by Thursday won a preliminary green light, that would “pave the way for negotiations,” she added.

默克爾說，“離討論將來怎麼辦只剩幾天時間了。”她接着表示，但如果希臘在週四之前提出的方案初步獲得通過，那就會“爲談判鋪平道路”。

Still, it appears that no one wants to take the blame for a Greek departure from the eurozone. That means that all sides seem ready to keep talking even as the crisis reaches new levels of intensity, and even as Greece hurtles toward a July 20 deadline to make a payment of 3.5 billion euros, or about $3.8 billion, to the European Central Bank. Many analysts say Greece cannot miss that payment without leaving the eurozone.

然而，似乎誰都不想承擔希臘退出歐元區的責任。這就意味着，各方似乎都準備繼續談判，儘管此次危機的程度日益加深，而且希臘向歐洲中央銀行(European Central Bank)支付35億歐元的最後期限7月20日即將到來。很多分析人士稱，如果希臘無法拿出這筆錢，就不得不退出歐元區。