韓國憲法法院裁定網絡實名制違憲
The Constitutional Court ruled Thursday that a law requiring South Koreans to use their real names on Internet forums was unconstitutional, forcing the government to change the five-year-old regulation created to reduce anonymous criticism of politicians and celebrities.
韓國憲法法院週四裁定，要求韓國人須在網絡論壇上使用真實姓名的法律違憲。這一結果將迫使韓國政府修改已經出臺了五年之久、意在減少網民對政客和名人匿名批評的規定。The court said the requirement amounts to prior censorship. It also said the law violated citizens' privacy, was technically difficult to enforce and was ineffective at stopping online criticism.
韓國憲法法院說，實名制的要求相當於事前審查。該法院還說，它侵犯了公民隱私，從技術上來說難以強制執行，也沒有收到制止網絡批評的效果。The ruling came just three days after South Korea's Supreme Court recommended new penalties for people who spread false information online and on social media, such as Twitter, about politicians during an election campaign.
在憲法法院做出這一裁決之前三天，韓國最高法院還曾建議對那些在競選期間在網上和推特(Twitter)等社交媒體上散播關於政治人物虛假信息的人處以新懲罰措施。
The seemingly conflicting actions reflect South Korea's twin status as a young democracy wrestling with limits and freedoms, and as one of the world's most technologically advanced countries.
這種看似矛盾的行爲體現出韓國的雙重身份：它一方面是一個仍在探索束縛和自由等觀念的年輕民主制度，一方面又是全球科技最發達的國家之一。Following Thursday's ruling, Google Inc. said it would restart its Korean language YouTube service, though it didn't give a specific date.
週四的裁決消息公佈後，谷歌公司(Google Inc.)說，將重啓該公司韓語YouTube服務，不過沒有透露具體日期。The real-name verification law has been unpopular with the public, the operators of major websites, and South Korea's big Internet search firms, NHN Corp. +2.10% and Daum Communications Inc. -0.10%
對於韓國民衆、主要網站運營商以及NHN Corp.和Daum Communications Inc.這兩家韓國大型互聯網搜索公司來說，這部實名制法規一直就不受歡迎。South Korea created the law in 2007 in response to a number of incidents in which prominent political and entertainment figures were targeted in anonymous posts. Authorities attributed several suicides to such cyberattacks.
2007年，在發生了數起知名政界和娛樂界人士在網上受匿名者攻擊的事件之後，作爲應對，韓國頒佈了這部法律。韓國有關部門還曾將幾起自殺事件歸因於這類網絡攻擊。In its ruling, the nine-justice Constitutional Court also said harm done by a person's expression can be remedied through existing laws provided for financial damages and criminal punishment.
由九名法官組成的韓國憲法法院在公佈裁決結果時說，個人言論造成的傷害可通過現行法律從經濟損害和刑事處罰兩方面進行救濟。Many Korean individuals and business had turned to overseas companies to host websites and services because the government said it couldn't enforce the name-verification law on Internet sites operated outside the country.
很多韓國人和公司都曾求助海外企業來開辦網站和相關服務，因爲韓國政府說，無法對韓國以外的網站執行這部實名制法律。Google in 2008 closed its Korea-based YouTube site rather than comply with the requirement for people who uploaded videos. South Koreans since then have used YouTube sites based in other countries. NHN and Daum complained the rule made their video-sharing services less competitive.
2008年，谷歌沒有遵守這部要求人們實名上傳視頻的法律，而是關閉了其韓語YouTube網站。此後，韓國人便使用海外YouTube網站。NHN和Daum均曾抱怨稱，該法律削弱了其視頻分享業務的競爭力。NHN, operator of South Korea's most popular Web portal Naver, said the decision would have 'positive effects' and expand the use of its message boards. 'We think companies should make constant efforts to create an Internet environment anyone can feel secure to use by taking appropriate measures on comments that could invade someone's rights,' the company added.
NHN是韓國最具人氣的門戶網站Naver的運營商，它說這個裁決結果將會產生積極影響，並擴大該公司留言板的使用範圍。該公司還說，我們認爲企業應當對可能侵犯他人權利的網絡言論採取適當的措施，以這種方式不斷努力，營造一個讓每個人都感覺安全的互聯網氛圍。
