擁有美妙歷史的十大現代食物(下)

olate

5.巧克力

When you take a bite out of a well-made chocolate bar, it feels like you're eating the food of the gods. And, well, you'd be exactly right.

當你從一根做好的巧克力棒上咬下一口的時候，你會覺得自己是在吃神賜的食物。好吧，確實是如此。

The story begins as far back as 1500BC, when the Olmec managed to find and utilize cocoa beans. Of course, it was not called 'cocoa' then, but 'kakawa' – where we get the name from. They managed to turn it into a drink, but historians are hard-pressed to find any evidence that the Olmec did much else with it. The Mayans, however, loved the stuff. They identified it as a food of Kon, the god of rain and wind. They drank it, used the mixture as a substitute for blood in rituals, and even used the beans as currency. That's right; once upon a time, you could buy things with chocolate. As for the solid bars we all know and love? They didn't Pop up until around 1850AD. Even after all of these years, however, we still love to offer chocolate to people we praise highly.

故事開始於公元前1500年，奧爾梅克人發現了可可豆，並研究其用法。當然，那時候它還不叫"可可"，而是"kakawa"——現在的名字由此演變而來。他們將其做成一種飲品，但歷史學家們很難找到證據證明奧爾梅克人用它製作了其他的東西。但是瑪雅人很愛這種東西。他們確信它是風雨神Kon的一種食物。他們飲用這種飲品，在祭祀儀式上用它代替血，甚至用可可豆來當貨幣。沒錯，曾經有一段時間，你可以用巧克力來買東西。那麼我們所認識且鍾愛的巧克力棒呢？它們直到公元1850年纔出現。然而，縱然過去了這麼多年，我們仍然喜歡爲我們珍愛的人贈送巧克力。

estershire Sauce

4.辣醬油

While relatively unknown to most of the world, this foodstuff gets a spot on this list because it was made entirely by accident.

儘管辣醬油在世界上很多地方都鮮有人知，但我們還是將這種食物納入這篇文章中，因爲它的製作完全是個意外。

It began its life as an Indian sauce. The recipe made its way over to Worcester, England, where two chemists, John Wheeley Lea and William Perrins, got their hands on it. They marketed this new exotic sauce, claiming all sorts of healing properties to cure common problems. When they actually made the stuff, however, it tasted awful. The pair stuffed the rest in a barrel and left it in a cellar, presumably to use again some day. That day didn't come until two years later. The pair, rediscovering their old invention, decided to give it a second shot. What should have probably murdered them, actually tasted very good. The pair decided to sell the sauce under the name 'Lea and Perrins,' a brand name that is strong to this day. Who knows how many other food inventions we've missed, due to people not willing to eat vastly out-of–date food?

它最初是一種印度醬油。這個食譜傳到了英國伍斯特，被兩位化學家John Wheeley Lea 和William Perrins所得。他們售賣這種新的異國醬油，宣稱它能治癒一般的疾病。然而，當他們實際製成了這種東西的時候，它的味道非常糟糕。這兩個人將剩下的醬油倒進一個桶裏，存放在地窖中，準備過幾天再用。而這一天直到兩年後纔到來。這兩個人重新發現了他們過去的發明，決定再試試。差點讓他們笑死的是，這東西嚐起來非常美味。兩人決定售賣這種醬油，給它取名"Lea and Perrins"，這個商標直到今天依然赫赫有名。因爲人們不願意吃那些過期的食物，誰知道我們因此錯過了多少美食的發明？

shake

3.奶昔

Milkshakes are a lovely treat for the young, but you definitely would not want to give the original recipe to a child.

奶昔是款待年輕人的好東西，但你絕對不願意給孩子們品嚐早期的奶昔。

The first time the world saw the word 'milkshake' was in 1885, in a British newspaper. The article did not go on to talk about if people preferred strawberry or banana flavour; in fact, what the article did say was that milkshake was a "sturdy, healthful eggnog type of drink, with eggs, whiskey, etc., served as a tonic as well as a treat." Yes, that's right; the original milkshake contained alcohol. The actual milkshake we know and love came a little later in the 1900s. In 1922, a man called Ivan "Pop" Coulson wanted to make a remix on the recipe. Ever an experimenter, he added the one ingredient that made a huge impact on the recipe of milkshake forever; ice cream. Since then, the version with whiskey in it has fallen out of public knowledge; unfortunately, alcoholic milkshakes are not an item on the 'hidden menu' in fast food places.

"奶昔"一詞於1885年在英國的一份報紙上第一次問世。文章並沒有繼續討論人們更喜歡草莓還是香蕉的香味；實際上，這篇文章所描述的奶昔是一種"堅硬的、健康的蛋酒式飲品，裏面加有雞蛋、威士忌等，既是一種補藥，也可用來款待賓朋。"沒錯，最初的奶昔裏面含有酒精。我們現在知道且喜愛的奶昔出現得較晚，到20世紀90年代纔出現。1922年，一個名叫Ivan Pop Coulson的人想在食譜中再混合點東西。他在試驗品中加入了一種發揮了重要作用的原料——冰激凌。從那以後，加有威士忌版本的奶昔就逐漸退出了公衆視野；不幸地是，酒味奶昔在快餐店的"隱藏菜單"裏也不提供。

am Crackers

2.全麥餅乾

Do you feel less lust after eating a graham cracker? You should do – or, at least, the inventor of it hopes you do.

吃完一片全麥餅乾以後是否覺得慾望有所減輕呢？這正是——或至少是其發明者所希望的。

In the 1830s, reverend Sylvester Graham decided that America had become too lust-filled. In order to curb the problem and help people across the nation get back onto a good God-fearing path, he created the 'Graham diet.' The diet consisted of wheat, fruit and vegetables, but absolutely no meat; eating meat and fatty foods was, Graham claimed, a way to invoke sexual thoughts in the mind. Sylvester Graham invented the graham cracker as a part of his newfound diet. He wasn't alone in his mind-set; someone else who shared this was John Harvey Kellogg. Does the name seem familiar? That's right – Kellogg's corn flakes. The beloved breakfast cereal was Kellogg's way to save the souls of the American people, but ended up being a delicious breakfast rather than a cure for the wandering eye. Next time you need to calm down, try stuffing graham crackers into your mouth. If the wheat doesn't do the trick, the dry mouth certainly will.

19世紀30年代，教士Sylvester Graham認爲美國慾望太過膨脹。爲解決這一問題，幫助全國的人們回到一條虔誠的道路上，他發明了"Graham 飲食"。這種飲食中包括穀物、水果和蔬菜，但絕對沒有肉；Graham認爲，吃肉和脂肪類食品會引發人心中的淫慾。Sylvester Graham發明了全麥餅乾作爲他的全新飲食的一部分。他並不是一個人將想法付諸實際；另外一個與他共享的是John Harvey Kellogg。這名字是不是有些熟悉？沒錯——Kellogg's玉米片。Kellogg想要以這種受人喜愛的早餐穀物來拯救美國人的靈魂，誰知它沒有拯救得了迷茫的雙眼，卻成爲了美味的早餐。當下次你需要冷靜一下的時候，試試在你嘴裏塞上全麥餅乾。如果小麥解決不了問題，那口乾舌燥的感覺肯定會讓你達到目的。

hmallows

1.棉花糖

To better understand where the marshmallow came from, you must first understand that the name 'marshmallow' is a combination of 'marsh' and 'mallow'. It refers to the Mallow plants that grew around marshes; hence the name.

爲了更好地理解棉花糖從哪而來，你必須要理解棉花糖的名字，"棉花糖marshmallow"是由marsh（沼澤）和mallow（錦葵）組成。它是指生長在沼澤中的錦葵，這就是它的名字。

This specific plant was harvested in Egyptian times. They did not merely eat it for its sweet flavour, however. Back then, Egyptian doctors were convinced that marshmallow was an effective way of curing a sore throat in children, which sounds like a medication a child would never reject. In fact, it's thought that this miracle medicine was eaten by richer kids as a treat, rather than a cure. As for the marshmallow as we know of it today, the root goes back to 1800s France, where it was pushed as a treat for kids and adults alike. Then, in 1948, Alex Doumak created a way to make the little delights in a way that was completely automated, allowing the sweet treat to be produced efficiently. While the marshmallow is treated as a candy rather than medicine, it wouldn't hurt to buy a big bag and 'experiment' for yourself next time you catch a cold.

這種特殊的植物在埃及時代豐收。但人們不是僅僅爲了食用它的甜味。當時，埃及的醫生相信，沼澤中的錦葵可以有效地治療兒童咽喉疼痛，孩子似乎不會拒絕這種藥。實際上，人們認爲，富人家的孩子吃這種神奇的藥作爲消遣，而不是治療疾病。至於今天我們所知道的棉花糖，要追溯到19世紀的法國，它很受孩子和成年人的喜愛。到1948年，Alex Doumak發明了一種方法使這種小甜品的生產完全自動化，提高了它的生產效率。儘管棉花糖成爲了一種糖果而非藥品，但你下次感冒的時候買上一大包自己"試驗"一下也不會有害。

翻譯：趙倩 來源：前十網