盤點人們打呼嚕的10大主要原因(下)

are a smoker

3.你是一個吸菸者

If you find that you cannot give up on your nicotine habit you may notice that, over the years, you start to snore.

如果你發現自己戒不掉尼古丁，你可能會注意到，幾年之後，你開始打鼾了。

Perhaps only a little at first but more and more as the years go by. Sadly smoking, although pleasant and pleasurable for the smoker, is deeply unhealthy on a number of levels.

也許一開始並不嚴重，但隨着年份的增加，會越來越明顯。遺憾的是，吸菸儘管對於吸菸者來說是一種愉悅的享受，但在部分層面上卻是非常不健康的行爲。

The more a person smokes the more they irritate the lining of their airways, this can cause the flow of air into the body to suffer from turbulence.

一個人煙吸得越多，對呼吸道的刺激就越嚴重，就會造成進入人體的氣體流通混亂。

This turbulence will, in turn, cause the soft tissues to vibrate which causes snoring.

反過來，這種混亂會造成軟齶震動，從而引起打鼾。

In case you think this is just another 'stop smoking' guilt trip, studies have shown that smoking increases the likelihood that you will snore by more than two times.

你可能認爲這是另一種勸你“戒菸”的說教，但研究表明，吸菸會使打鼾的可能性增加兩倍以上。

Sadly, it is not just smokers who need to worry about the impact of their vice on their breathing.

遺憾的是，不僅是吸菸者需要擔心自己的惡習對呼吸造成的影響。

The dangers of passive smoking have long been understood and it appears that exposure to second hand smoke can increase the risk of snoring.

人們早已瞭解到被動吸菸的危害，暴露在二手菸面前也有可能增加打鼾的風險。

If you enjoy your cigarettes but have noticed that you or your partner has already started to snore, you may need to think very seriously about quitting.

如果你喜愛吸菸，但也注意到你或者你的伴侶已經開始打鼾，你也許需要很嚴肅地考慮戒菸。

Giving up on your cigarettes will not fix the scarring to the airways and resolve the problems overnight but it will help make you healthier and, over time, your snoring should reduce.

戒菸不能修復呼吸道的疤痕，也不能一夜之間解決問題，但這會使你更加健康，並且隨着時間的推移，打鼾的症狀會減輕。

Quitting an addictive substance such as nicotine is difficult but the benefits are substantial.

戒掉一些像尼古丁之類易上癮的東西很困難，但好處也顯而易見。

are sick

2.患有疾病

Sometimes even non habitual snorers can start to sound like a motorcycle at night. This can often happen if they come down with something like a bad virus or the flu, both of which cause nasal congestion and other breathing difficulties.

有時候，非習慣性打鼾者在夜裏也會鼾聲大作，聽起來就像摩托車的轟隆聲。如果人們感染了某種病毒或流感以致鼻塞和其他呼吸問題，就會出現這種情況。

If you have read the earlier parts of this article you will know that snoring happens when airflow is impeded and that is exactly what happens when you have a blocked up nose.

如果你讀過這篇文章前面的部分，你就會知道打鼾的原因是氣流不暢，而鼻塞正會導致這種問題。

If such an attack of snoring only happens every now and then you probably have very little to be worried about.

如果只是偶爾這樣打鼾，你也許不用太擔心。

If, however, you start to snore every time you get a little congested then you may well develop a chronic snoring problem later in life as some of the other factors on this page start to take hold – when you put on weight or have to take certain medication, for example.

但是，若每次鼻塞的時候，你就會在晚上打鼾，那麼隨着本文提到的其他情況（比如體重增加或是服用特定藥物）出現，今後你可能會患上慢性鼾症。

In the short term, the best thing you can do to prevent sickness related snoring is to take the necessary medication to resolve the illness as quickly as possible.

就防治鼾症相關疾病來說，短期內你能做的就是通過合理用藥，儘快治好你目前的疾病。

Be sure to drink lots of clear fluids to help prevent the buildup of mucous blockages and make sure that you get plenty of Vitamin C to stave off a further illness.

確保每天攝入大量水分以防黏液堆積堵塞，並且確保每天獲得充足的維生素C以預防疾病。

have sleep apnea

1.患有睡眠呼吸暫停綜合症

Sometimes snoring is not just snoring it is a symptom of a potentially dangerous problem known as sleep apnea. This is a condition where your breathing during sleep is interrupted and you do not get enough oxygen to your system.

有時候打鼾不僅僅是鼾症那麼簡單，其中還有潛在的危險，即睡眠呼吸暫停綜合症。這意味着你在睡眠期間呼吸會突然中斷，你的身體系統無法得到充足的氧氣。

Basically sleep apnea causes the sufferer's breathing to stop and start. There are two separate types know as obstructive and central.

睡眠呼吸暫停綜合症患者一般會出現呼吸突然中斷，緊接着又恢復呼吸的情況。該綜合症分爲兩種，一種是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停，另一種是中樞神經性睡眠呼吸暫停。

Obstructive sleep apnea happens if the sufferer's throat muscles relax too much and obstruct the airway, the obstruction causes loud uneven snores which then stop when the breathing ceases and start up again louder than ever when the person is able to take a breath once again.

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停是由於患者咽喉肌肉過分鬆弛而阻塞氣道，引發不均勻的鼾聲，具體表現爲鼾聲隨呼吸突然停止，繼而在患者恢復呼吸之時，再次響起，聲音更大。

Central sleep apnea by contrast is caused by a failure of the sufferer's brain to send the correct signals to the body to cause it to breathe and can often come about as a side effect of heart or stroke problems.

中樞神經性睡眠呼吸暫停是由於大腦系統功能失調所引起，這意味着大腦無法準確傳送呼吸信號，心臟病或中風患者也經常出現此症狀。

Many sufferers are unaware that they have sleep apnea and may wonder why they feel tired when they are getting a full night's sleep. The answer is, of course, that they never reach a truly deep, restorative sleep because they keep waking up momentarily as their breathing is interrupted.

很多患者並未意識到他們患有睡眠呼吸暫停綜合症，可能還會奇怪爲何自己一覺醒來後會十分疲乏。答案當然是因爲呼吸暫停導致他們經常性地突然驚醒，從而無法得到恢復性的深度睡眠。

Sometimes the first time someone becomes aware that they might be suffering from sleep apnea is when a frustrated and sleep deprived partner insists that they visit the doctor.

某些時候，直到有伴侶受不了睡覺時候被他人的鼾聲打擾，強烈要求打鼾者去看醫生的時候，他們纔會首次意識到自己可能患有睡眠呼吸暫停綜合症。

Obstructive sleep apnea may be exacerbated by many of the causes on this list. Sufferers are best advised to avoid drinking a lot of alcohol or smoking and should aim to lose weight.

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停可能會因本文所列的各種因素而加劇。所以患者應該儘量避免大量飲酒或吸菸，並且應該適當減肥。

For some people this will be enough to stop the snoring. Others might require a breathing machine called CPAP which is worn over the mouth and nose and provides a continuous supply of slightly pressured air through the night – the pressure is just enough to stop the airway collapsing.

對部分人來說，這樣做就可以治好鼾症。有的人可能需要一臺持續正壓通氣呼吸機，在夜間佩戴能夠罩住嘴鼻的面罩，正壓氣流可通過面罩被送入患者的氣道（壓力足以防止氣道萎陷）。

Other mechanical alternatives are available if this is not suitable for you and, if those fail a doctor may suggest surgery to reshape the soft tissue in your throat. Treatment for central sleep apnea varies and depends to a great extent on the cause behind it.

如果這不適合你，還有其他的機械替代品，如若上述方法皆不奏效，那麼醫生可能會建議通過手術對你咽喉部位的軟組織進行整形。而對於中樞神經性睡眠呼吸暫停的治療則在很大程度上取決於其背後的原因。