年高考二輪專題訓練：時態
1.(2010遼寧) I _______ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been too busy to do it.
A. will do B. do C. am doing D. had done
答案：B
解析：“我通常都爲家人做飯，但是最近太忙了就無暇顧及了”。本題考查時態。A將會做，表將來；B通常做，表經常；C正在做，表進行；D過去已經做完，過去完成時。從後面最近太忙的狀況來看，應該是平常替家人做飯，所以選B。
2.(2010全國II) Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _______ evening dress.
A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn
答案：B
解析：“芭芭拉是唯一穿晚禮服的女性，所以認出她很容易”。本題考查動詞時態和主謂一致。由題幹可知說的是現在的動作或狀態，而不是過去的動作對現在的影響，故排除CD；先行詞the only one of the women在從句中作主語，中心詞是one，從句謂語動詞與之保持一致，故選B。
3.(2010上海)Every few years, the coal workers __________ their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had
答案：B
解析：本題考查一般現在時。句意“每個幾年，這些煤礦工人會對肺部進行X光透視，以確保他們的健康”，時間狀語“every few years”表示經常反覆，應用動詞的一般現在時態，故選Ｂ。
4.(2009天津) My parents __________ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else.
A. live B. lived C. were living D. will live
答案：A
解析：句意“我的父母住在香港。他們在那裏出生而且從未在別的地方生活過”。根據句意可推斷出：我的父母現在仍住在香港，因此選A。
5.(2009浙江) Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future __________ to the well-educated.
A. belongs B. is belonged C. is belonging D. will be belonged
答案：A
解析：句意“Williams教授不斷告訴他的學生們未來屬於受過良好教育的人”。belong to沒有被動形式，故B和D兩項被排除；C項現在進行時不符合句意，故A項正確。
6.(2009福建) According to the literary review, Shakespeare __________ his characters live through their language in his plays.
A. will make B. had made C. was making D. makes
答案：D
解析：句意“這篇文學評論說，莎士比亞劇中的人物通過語言鮮活起來”。句中考查時態，當介紹一種理論時，常用一般現在時。
7.(2008上海)— Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend?
—Terry? Never! She __________ tents and fresh air!
A. has hated B. hated C. will hate D. bates
答案：D
解析：本題考查一般現在時。句意“你知道Terry本週末是否會去野營”“Terry？她從不去野營！她討厭帳篷和新鮮空氣”，此句中動詞表示的是經常性的行爲，應該選用一般現在時態，故選D。
8.(2006上海) Send my regards to your lovely wife when you __________ home.
A. wrote B. will write C. have written D. write
答案：D
解析：本題考查一般現在時。在時間和條件狀語從句中，常用一般現在時代替將來時，本句的句意“你給家裏寫信時，請帶我問候你可愛的妻子”，故選D。
1.(2010全國II) Excuse me. I _______ I was blocking your way.
A. didn’t realize B. don’t realize C. haven’t realized D. wasn’t realizing
答案：A
解析：“抱歉，我不知道擋了你的路。”本題考查時態，“沒有意識到”這一動作應該發生在過去，故選A。
2.(2010安徽) Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he _______.
A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy D. will be busy
答案：A
解析：“鮑勃昨天本來可以幫助我們的，但是他當時很忙”。根據設空出前面would have helped us yesterday可知設空處表示的是昨天的事情，故用過去時，排除BD兩項；C項過去完成時表示“過去的過去”，而本句並沒有過去的動作做參照物，故排除C項。只有A項符合要求。
3.(2009重慶) — I’ve got to go now.
— Must you? I __________ you could stay for dinner with us.
A. think B. thought C. have thought D. am thinking
答案：B
解析：句意“我現在得走了。”“你非得要走嗎?我原以爲你能留下和我們一起吃飯的”。句中主語“I”的動作“認爲”發生在過去，所以只有B項正確。
4.(2009全國I) Edward, you play so well. But I __________ you played the piano.
A. didn’t know B. hadn’t known C. don’t know D. haven’t known
答案：A
解析：本題考查一般過去時。句意“愛德華，你彈得這麼好。但是我不知道你會彈鋼琴”。根據句意，指我過去不知道你會彈鋼琴，故用一般過去時。
5.(2009北京) Scientists have many theories about how the universe __________ into being.
A. came B. was coming C. had come D. would come
答案：A
解析：句意“關於宇宙是怎樣產生的，科學家們有很多種理論”。根據句意可知宇宙產生絕非將來要發生的事，所以先排除B、D兩項，C項had come爲過去的過去，題中無過去時間作參照，故排除C。宇宙產生髮生在過去，故用一般過去時。
6.(2009北京) When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we __________ up, her voice had been full of life.
A. were hanging B. had hung C. hung D. would hang
答案：C
解析：句意“當我與奶奶在電話中交談時，她的聲音聽起來很虛弱，但到我們掛斷電話時，她的聲音已經充滿了活力”。根據題幹提示，her voice had been full of life爲過去的過去，因此我們掛斷電話發生在過去，故選C。
7.(2009山東) I was out of town at the time, so I don’t know exactly how it _______.
A. was happening B. happened C. happens D. has happened
答案：B
解析：“那是我不在城裏，所以我不確切地知道事情是怎麼發生的”。根據題幹中was out of town及前後邏輯關係可知設空處說的是過去的事情，故用過去時，排除CD兩項；A項表示“未完性”，不符合本題要求，故被排除。
8.(2009湖南) When he _______ the door, he found his keys were nowhere.
A. would open B. opened C. had opened D. was to open
答案：D
解析：“當他要開門的時候，他發現鑰匙不見了”。was to do表示wanted to do或intended to do。would do在這裏有情感意爲，所以被排除。
9.(2008北京) -- Have you read a book called Waiting for Anya?
-- Who _______ it?
A. writes B. has written C. wrote D. had written
答案：C
解析：“你讀過一本叫做《等待安雅》的書嗎？”“誰寫的？”根據句意可知，發問方是對過去的事情進行提問，故排除AB兩項，因這兩項都是現在時；而D項表示過去的過去，也不符合本題的要求，故也被排除。
10.(2008天津) He _______ football regularly for many years when he was young.
A. was playing B. played C. has played D. had played
答案：B
解析：“他年輕的時候踢了許多年足球”。本題考查時態。句中的when he was young是表示過去的時間狀語。題幹中沒有強調在過去的某個時間段正在發生某事，故排除A項；句中也沒有信息詞強調對現在造成的影響或與現在的聯繫，故排除C項；句中也沒有以過去的某個時間點或動作作參照，故排除D項。
11.(2007山東) They _______ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise they’d never have been able to afford to go.
A. had got B. got C. have got D. get
答案：B
解析：“他們得到了兩張去加拿大的免費機票，不然他們永遠都不會有錢去那兒。”otherwise是虛擬語氣的暗示，從“they’d never have been able to…”可知，該句是已發生的事情的虛擬假設，而前半句是對過去事實的陳述，故選B。
12.(2007遼寧) -- Has your father returned from Africa yet?
-- Yes, but he _______ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia.
A. was B. has been C. will be D. would be
答案：A
解析：“你父親從非洲回來了嗎？”“回來了，但是他在這兒只待了三天就被公司派到澳大利亞去了”。根據“before his company sent him…”，排除BCD，故選A。
13.(2007上海) — Did you tidy your room?
— No, I was going to tidy my room but I __________ visitors.
A. had B. have C. have had D. will have
答案：A
解析：本題考查一般過去時。句意“……我正準備打掃房間，但是有客人來了”。答句應與問句的時態一致，這些事情都發生在過去，故選A。
【一般將來時】
1.(2009陝西) Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, __________ visit Beijing this summer.
A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to
答案：A
解析：句意“Dr. Smith將在今年夏天和妻子女兒們一起遊覽北京”。本題考查主謂一致。由this summer可知本句應用一般將來時，故排除C、D；together with連接並列主語時謂語動詞單複數應取決於其前面的主語，故選A。
2.(2008全國II) If their marketing plans succeed, they __________ their sales by 20 percent.
A. will increase B. have been increasing C. have increased D. would be increasing
答案：A
解析：在if條件從句中，用一般現在時來指代一般將來時，可以得知他們的市場運作計劃還沒有成功，所以增加銷售額也是個將來的動作，應該用will increase。
【過去將來時】
1.(2009湖南) When he _______ the door, he couldn’t find his keys.
A. would open B. opened C. had opened D. was to open
答案：D
解析：句意“當他要開門的時候，發現鑰匙不見了”。was to do在此表示wanted to do或intended to do，would do在這裏有情感意義，所以被排除。
【現在進行時】
1.(2010北京) -- I’m not finished with my dinner yet.
-- But our friends _______ for us.
A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting
答案：D
解析：“我還沒有吃晚飯呢。”“可是朋友們在等我們”。本題考查動詞的時態。根據語境“這個在等我們”可以判斷此處爲正在進行時，故選D。
2.(2010陝西) It is reported that many a new house _______ at present in the disaster area.
A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built
答案：D
解析：“據報道，目前在這個受災地區正在建很多新房子”，本題考查的是主謂一致和時態。many a：a large number of許多。many a + 單數名詞 + 單數動詞。如：Many a strong man has weakened before such a challenge.很多堅強的人面對這種挑戰都動搖了。Many a famous pop star has been ruined by drugs.很多流行的音樂歌星都因毒品而被毀了。根據謂語動詞應該用單數，故排除AB兩項。根據at present，時態應該是現在時態，所以D選項是正確的。
3.(2008重慶) Teenagers __________ their health because they play computer games too much.
A. have damaged B. are damaging C. damaged D. will damage
答案：B
解析：因爲年輕人玩電子遊戲玩得太多，所以他們正在損害自己的健康。
4.(2008遼寧) — Have you got any job offers?
— No. I __________.
A. waited B. had been waiting C. have waited D. am waiting
答案：D
解析：依上文可見，甲在詢問乙是否有人提供給乙工作，而乙回答說還沒有，還在等待，顯然在說現在的狀況，現在一直在等。進行時有兩種常見的用法：①正在進行的動作；②近一段時間一直持續的動作。該處考察的是進行時態的第二種用法。
【過去進行時】
1. (2010課標全國I) -- Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?
-- No, I _______ my homework all day yesterday.
A. was doing B. would do C. had done D. do
答案：D
解析：“你讀完《簡愛》了嗎？”“沒有，我昨天一整天都在寫作業”。本題考查動詞的時態。從all day yesterday可知，昨天一整天都在寫作業，用過去進行時表示過去某段時間一直在進行的動作。一般過去時與過去進行時的區別：一般過去時表示過去完整的、已經結束的動作，如果表示過去某個時間或某段時間正在做或一直在做的某事則用過去進行時。
2.(2010湖南) I walked slowly through the market, where people _______ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold
答案：B
解析：“我慢慢地穿過市場。在市場裏，人們正在出售各種水果和蔬菜。我仔細研究了價格之後購買了我所需要的東西”。本題考查動詞的時態。根據句意可知說話者談論的是過去的事情，故排除AD兩項；sell的動作並未發生在walk之前，故不表示“過去的過去”，排除C項；“進行體”具有“未完性，暫時性”的特點，故B項爲答案。
3.(2008四川) The telephone __________, but by the time I got indoors, it stopped.
A. had rung B. was ringing C. rings D. has rung
答案：B
解析：本句後半句用的是一般過去時，由此可排除C、D兩項；根據句意可知，在說話人去接聽之前，電話一直在響，因此用過去進行時。如果選擇A項，表示電話已經響過，與後半句不符合。
4.(2007全國II) — Is this anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.
— Oh, nothing much. In fact, I __________ of my friends back home.
A. have just thought B. was just thinking C. would just think D. will just be thinking
答案：B
解析：過去進行時表示過去某時的狀態或從過去某個時候開始一直延續到現在的動作。根據時間狀語in the past years可確定用現在完成時。又因爲substances是discover的被執行者，所以要用被動語態，表示“近幾年來，越來越多的物質被發現”。
5.(2007北京) — It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.
— Oh, don’t mention it. I __________ past your house anyway.
A. was coming B. will come C. had come D. have come
答案：A
解析：根據提供的情景可判斷出動作發生在過去，而“路過對方的家”表示過去正在發生的事，所以要用過去進行時。
6.(2007福建) — I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.
— Impossible. She __________ TV with me in my home then.
A. watched B. had watched C. would watch D. was watching
答案：D
解析：過去進行時常常表示過去某一時刻或過去某一階段內正在進行的動作。根據所提供的情景可判斷出所指的是昨天晚上8點正在發生的事，所以要用過去進行時。
【將來進行時】
1.(2010福建) -- Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
-- How nice! You _______ a different culture then.
A. will be experiencing B. have experienced C. have been experiencing D. will have experienced
答案：A
解析：“你猜怎麼着，我們獲得了今年夏天去英國進行短期訪問的簽證。”“太棒了！到時候，你將會體驗到不同的文化”。本題考查動詞時態。由this summer可知此處應該用將來時，而then表示將來的某個時間，故用將來進行時。
2.(2010浙江) If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you _______ fresh watermelon in the fall.
A. eat B. would eat C. have eaten D. will be eating
答案：D
解析：“如果在春天種下西瓜種子，秋天你就會吃到新鮮的西瓜”。本題考查動詞的時態。A項爲一般現在時態；B項爲過去將來時態；C項爲現在完成時態；D項爲將來進行時態，表示將來某時間正在進行或某時間段內一直在進行的動作，in the fall爲表示將來的時間狀語，故選D。
3.(2009安徽) Daniel’s family __________ their holiday in Huangshan this time next week.
A. are enjoying B. are to enjoy C. will enjoy D. will be enjoying
答案：D
解析：句意“丹尼爾一家人下個星期的這個時候正在黃山度假”。根據this time next week判斷，選用將來進行時will be doing。
【現在完成時】
1.(2010全國課標I) When you are home, give a call to let me know you _______ safely.
A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive
答案：B
解析：“你到家時打個電話給我，讓我知道你已安全到家。”本題考查時態。從語境看，在打電話時對方“已經到達”，因此這裏的賓語從句要用現在完成時，而不是現在進行時、過去進行時或一般將來時。
2.(2010山東) Up to now, the program _______ thousand of children who would otherwise have died.
A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved
答案：D
解析：“迄今爲止，這個項目已經救了好幾千名孩子。如果沒有這項工程，這些孩子早就死了”。Up to now相當於by now，要與現在完成時連用。
3.(2010北京) -- I’m sorry, but I don’t quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?
-- Sorry, I _______ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A. hadn’t made B. wouldn’t make C. don’t make D. haven’t made
答案：D
解析：“抱歉，我不太明白你的意思。你剛纔是說你們要在9月20日返回嗎？”“地不起，是我沒有表述清楚。我們要在10月20日返回”。本題考查動詞的時態。根據句意可以看出“沒有表述清楚”是當前的一種狀況，是說話人做過的事情對現在的一種影響，D是現在完成時，表明現在的情況和影響，符合題意。A項爲過去完成時，B項表述過去常常，與語境不符；C項爲一般現在時，表示通常情況下都如此，也不符合語境。
4.(2010浙江) For many years, people _______ electric cars.
However, making them has been more difficult than predicted.
A. had dreamed of B. have dreamed of C. dreamed of D. dream of
答案：B
解析：“多年以來，人們都夢想着電力汽車的出現。但是，製造電子汽車比預想的更加複雜”。本題考查動詞時態。根據時間狀語for many years可知句子時態爲完成時態，故排除C項和D項；句子並沒有過去的時間或過去的動詞，因此不存在“過去的過去”，排除A項。故答案爲B。
5.(2009陝西) This is the first time we __________ film in the cinema together as a family.
A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen
答案：D
解析：句意“這是我們全家第一次到電影院看電影”。“This / It is the + 序數詞 + time that從句”爲固定句型，that從句需用現在完成時。
6.(2009江蘇) The population of Jiangsu __________ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million.
A. has grown B. have grown C. grew D. are growing
答案：A
解析：句意“江蘇省的人口與1949年相比增長了兩倍多。現在的人數接近74,000,000”。根據句意，本句指從1949年以來人口已經增長了兩倍多，應該用現在完成時，而且，要注意主語是population，謂語動詞用單數。
7.(2009江西) — What’s the price of petrol these days? — Oh, it __________ sharply since last month.
A. is raised B. has risen C. has arisen D. is increased
答案：B
解析：句意“這些天石油的價格如何？”“哦，自上個月以來油價猛漲”。由句中的since可知，主句應該用現在完成時，故排除A、D兩項；表示物價的上升或河水等的上漲用rise，而arise表示“起牀，起身”，時通常用於文字中。
8.(2009全國II) Progress __________ so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.
A. was B. had been C. has been D. will be
答案：C
解析：句意“到目前爲止，一切進展良好，我們確信工作能夠按時完成”。so far ( = by now)提示要用現在完成時態。
9.(2008福建) So far this year we __________ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.
A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen
答案：D
解析：由時間狀語so far this year可知，此處用現在完成時，故選D。
10.(2007江蘇) — __________ you __________ him around the museum yet?
— Yes. We had a great time there.
A. Have; shown B. Do; show C. Had; shown D. Did; show
答案：A
解析：根據時間狀語yet可判斷出要用現在完成時，表示已經完成的動作，故選A。
【過去完成時】
1.(2010北京) It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _______ for me.
A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing
答案：A
解析：“過了很長一段時間我才能理解他們爲我所做的一切”。本題考查動詞的時態。根據語境可知整句話的時間是過去時，“他們爲我做的”這一動作發生在“我完全可以理解”之前，因此用過去完成時更符合題意，故選A。
2.(2010江蘇) -- Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation?
-- We _______ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.
A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be
答案：C
解析：“彼得，你們這些年輕人去哪兒過暑假了？”“幾個月以來我們一直在忙工作，因此我們去海邊放鬆了一下”。本題考試動詞時態。忙工作發生在度假之前，根據後半句的過去時態可得知，此處應採用過去彎沉時態。
3.(2010安徽) -- Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
-- No. I _______ the book, so I already knew
A. was reading B. had read C. were taking D. would take
答案：B 解析：“你對電影的結局感到驚奇嗎？”“不，我曾經讀過那本書，因此對故事的內容已瞭如指掌”。本題考查時態。根據句意可知說話者說的是過去的事情，故用過去時，排除CD兩項；A項爲進行體，表示“未完性”，和後句中的內容相悖，故也被排除。由句意可知read應該發生在were surprised之前，屬於“過去的過去”，故答案爲B。
4.(2009上海)Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets __________ out.
A. would sell B. had sold C. have sold D. was selling
答案：B
解析：本題考查過去完成時。句意“Mary利用午飯時間去了售票處，但是所有的票都已經賣完”，過去完成時表示過去某時前已發生的情況，故選B。
5.(2009北京) John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather __________ with them to school.
A. took B. had taken C. were taking D. would take
答案：B
解析：句意“約翰得到他父親和祖父上學時的那個行李箱”。根據題幹中John was given爲過去的時間參照點，父親和祖父上學爲在此之前的事，即過去的過去，故用過去完成時。
6.(2009重慶) She stared at the painting, wondering where she __________ it.
A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen
答案：D
解析：句意“她盯着那幅畫看，想着自己曾經在哪裏見過它”。本題考查動詞的時態，根據上下文可知“看見”這個動作發生在stared之前，是“過去的過去”，用過去完成時。
7.(2008陝西) The moment I got home, I found I __________ my jacket on the playground.
A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving
答案：A
解析：根據題目意思，leave這個動作發生在found之前，即過去的過去，用過去完成時，選A。
8.(2008遼寧) We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we __________ each other for years.
A. knew B. have known C. had known D. know
答案：C
解析：句意“我們在火車上初次見面是2008年的事。我們當時就覺得我們已經認識很多年了”。已經認識多年了發生在初次見面之前，而見面發生在過去，故表示過去的過去，用過去完成時態，故選C。
9.(2007安徽) They became friends again that day. Until then, they __________ to each other for nearly two years.
A. didn’t speak B. hadn’t spoken C. haven’t spoken D. haven’t been speaking
答案：B
解析：過去完成時表示一個動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成或結束，也可能是早已完成或結束，即“過去的過去”。根據所提供的情景“They became friends again that day.”可判斷出，他們又成爲朋友發生在過去，在這之前他們又兩年不說話了。
10.(2007陝西) I __________ there little more than a week when I set to work with the scientist.
A. would be B. have been C. had been D. will be
答案：C
解析：根據所提供的情景“when I set to work with the scientist”可判斷出，與這位科學家一起共組之前已經過去一週多一點的時間，故選C。
11.(2007重慶) — Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday? — Yes, he did. He __________ his old friends for a long time. A. didn’t see B. wouldn’t see C. hasn’t seen D. hadn’t seen
答案：D
解析：根據題意可判斷出Alan和他的朋友見面發生在昨天，在昨天以前他們很長時間沒有見面了，所以要用過去完成時態。
1.(2011上海春) I’m sure you will do better in the test because you _______ so hard this year.
A. studied B. had studied C. will study D. have been studying
答案：D
解析：“我肯定這次的考試你會考得更好，因爲這一年裏一一直在努力學習”。根據題幹，努力學習是這一年中一直在做的事情，並且到目前爲止還在學習；have been studying是現在完成進行時，指動作發生在過去，到現在爲止還爲停止，故選擇D項。Studied是一般過去時，暗指現在不學了，指學習還未開始，不符合題意。
2.(2010江蘇) -- Why, Jack, you look so tired!
-- Well, I _______ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting
答案：D
解析：“傑克，你爲什麼看起來如此疲憊？”“哦，我一直都在粉刷房子，並且我明天必須完成。”本題考查動詞時態。根據句意可知應採用現在完成進行時，強調動作一直在延續。A項爲過去進行時態，表示過去某時間或過去某階段內動作正在進行；B項爲將來進行時態，表示將來某時刻動作正在進行；C項爲現在完成時，強調過去的動作對現在的影響，均不符合語境，可排除。
3.(2010陝西) I have to see the doctor because I _______ a lot lately.
A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough
答案：A
解析：“我得去看醫生，因爲我進來一直都咳嗽得很厲害”。本題考查的是時態問題。根據句子中的lately，可知設空處表示現在的事情，故用現在時，排除BC兩項；D項表示習慣性動作，故被排除。現在完成進行時表示動作從過去開始，持續到現在且現在還在進行。
4.(2010安徽) -- We’ve spent too much money recently.
-- Well, it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives _______ around all the time.
A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming
答案：D
解析：“我們最近花了很多錢。”“哦，這不奇怪。我們的朋友和親戚最近不斷到我們家來。”本題考查時態。Have been coming是現在完成進行時，表示某個動作從過去一直持續到現在，根據第一句中的have spent可知選項應該強調最近一段時間的狀況，故選D，排除BC；而A是現在進行時，和句中的all the time矛盾，故排除。
5.(2010江西) Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she _______ since her marriage to Father.
A. shoulders B. shouldered C. is shouldering D. has been shouldering
答案：D
解析：“媽媽想做一個好的(家庭)供應者，一個自從和父親結婚以來就一直承擔着的角色”。本題考查動詞時態。由since和題意可知本題應用現在完成進行時。
6.(2010遼寧) Joseph _______ to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name” in Russian.
A. has been going B. went C. goes D. has gone
答案：A
解析：“Joseph從上個月就開始上夜校，但是他還不會用俄語說‘你叫什麼名字’呢”。本題考查時態。從時間狀語“自從上個月開始”，可知需用現在完成時，又因爲說話時他還在繼續上課，所有要用現在完成進行時。
7.(2010湖南) I’m tired out. I _______ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.
A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping
答案：D
解析：“我累極了。我整個下午一直都在購物，但似乎什麼都沒做成。”本題考查動詞的時態。根據題幹“I’m tired”中的am及all afternoon可知說話者說的是現在是事情，故排除AC兩項；現在完成進行時是現在完成時和現在進行時的組合，“進行體”可用來表示說話者的態度，本句中用進行體表示說話者抱怨的態度，故答案爲D項。
8.(2010天津) We _______ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked
答案：B
解析：“我們已經連續做這個工程四個小時了，休息一下吧”。本題考查動詞時態。根據語境中“休息一下吧”可知工程尚未完成，又結合題幹中的for four hours，可推知設空處應該用現在完成進行時。
9.(2009遼寧) Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair __________ all day. Could you speak to her now?
A. phones B. has phoned C. has been phoning D. phoned
答案：C
解析：句意“打擾了，Marcia，一名Vanity Fair的記者打了一整天電話。你現在可以接他的電話嗎？”根據句意和時間狀語all day可知，此句用現在完成進行時表示說話人的一種情感，如：不滿，抱怨，責備等。注意：現在完成時表示到目前爲止動作可能已經結束，側重對現在產生的影響或結果。
10.(2009浙江) Over the past decades, sea ice __________ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A. had decreased B. decreased C. has been decreasing D. is decreasing
答案：C
解析：本題考查現在完成進行時。句意“在過去幾十年裏，由於全球變暖，北極的海冰一直在減少”。由時間狀語Over the past decades可知，主句只能用現在完成進行時，故選C。
11.(2009山東) The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities __________ rising steadily since 1997.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been
答案：C
解析：本題考查現在完成進行時。句意“在中國上大學的外國留學生的數量自1997年以來穩步上升”。由since 1997可知應用現在完成時，The number of………的數量，作主語時謂語動詞要用單數，故選C。
12.(2007湖南) Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she __________ English for a year.
A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying
答案：D
解析：現在完成進行時表示動作從過去某一時間開始，一直延續到現在，可能還要繼續下去。根據所提供的情景和時間狀語for a year可判斷出要用現在完成進行時，表示動作一直在延續着。
13.(2007江西) — I have got a headache.
— No wonder. You __________ in front of that computer too long.
A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked
答案：C
解析：根據所提供的情景“when I set to work with the scientist”可判斷出，由於在電腦前連續工作而造成了頭痛，故選C。
