世界最安全城市排名 日本東京居首

英國經濟學人智庫近日公佈了世界主要城市安全排名，日本東京排在首位。調查針對基礎設施、醫療健康、網絡安全等領域的指標對世界60個城市進行了評比。

Tokyo was named the world’s safest city on Thursday by the Economist Intelligence Unit, in an index ranking cities’ ability to handle everything from climate disasters to cyber attacks.

英國經濟學人智庫8月29日公佈世界最安全城市排名，日本東京在榜單中居首。該指數對各城市應對從氣候災難到網絡攻擊等各項事務的能力進行了排名。

Singapore took second place after Japan’s capital while another Japanese metropolis, Osaka, came third - the same top three as the two previous Safe Cities Indexes of 2015 and 2017.

新加坡僅次於東京，位居第二，另一個日本大都市大阪排名第三，2015年和2017年的安全城市指數排行榜前三名也是這三個城市。

This year the index of 60 cities aimed to capture the concept of “urban resilience”, which is the ability of cities to absorb and bounce back from shocks, researchers said.

研究人員表示，今年60個城市的安全指數排名旨在體現“城市適應力”這一概念，即城市承受衝擊並恢復的能力。

resilience [rɪ'zɪlɪəns]：n.恢復力；彈力；順應力

This concept has increasingly steered urban safety planning during the last decade, as policymakers worry about the impacts of climate change, including heat stress and flooding.

在過去十年裏，由於決策者擔心熱浪和洪水等氣候變化的影響，“城市適應力”在指導城市安全規劃方面起着越來越大的作用。

The index assessed four types of safety: digital, infrastructure, health and personal security.

該指數評估了四類安全：數字安全、基礎設施安全、醫療保健和個人安全。

Asia-Pacific dominated the top 10, as in previous years, with six cities, including Australia’s Sydney in fifth place, South Korea’s Seoul in eighth and Australia’s Melbourne in 10th.

與前幾年一樣，亞太地區的城市在前十名中佔多數，有六座城市上榜，包括澳大利亞悉尼（第五）、韓國首爾（第八）和澳大利亞墨爾本（第十）。

Two European and two North American cities made it into the top 10, with the Dutch capital Amsterdam in fourth place while Denmark’s Copenhagen came eighth. Canada’s Toronto came sixth, and the US capital, Washington D.C., seventh.

歐洲和北美各有兩座城市進入前十名。荷蘭首都阿姆斯特丹位居第四、丹麥哥本哈根位居第八、加拿大多倫多位居第六、美國華盛頓位居第七。

The safest cities scored highly on access to high-quality healthcare, dedicated cyber-security teams, community-based police patrols and good disaster planning, researchers said.

研究人員說，最安全的城市在獲得高質量的醫療衛生服務、專門的網絡安全團隊、社區警察巡邏和良好的災害應對規劃方面得分很高。

“The research highlights how different types of safety are thoroughly intertwined,” said Naka Kondo, the report’s Tokyo-based editor.

該報告駐東京編輯紺戶中說：“這項研究凸顯了不同類型的安全問題是如何完全交織在一起的。”

While European cities performed well in the area of health, they struggled with digital security, in terms of citizens’ ability to freely use the internet and other digital channels without fear of privacy violations or identity theft.

儘管歐洲城市在健康安全領域表現良好，但在數字安全方面得分不高，數字安全指的是公民自由使用互聯網和其他數字渠道而不擔心隱私侵犯或身份盜竊。

Top-ranking cities for digital security scored high on citizen awareness of digital threats and dedicated cyber-security teams, leading to low levels of infection by computer viruses and malware.

在公民對數字威脅的意識和專門的網絡安全團隊方面，排名靠前的城市數字安全得分較高，導致感染電腦病毒和被植入惡意軟件的機率較低。

malware [ˈmælwɛə]：n.惡意軟件

“London is the only European city in the top 10 in this category,” said Irene Mia, global editorial director of the Economist Intelligence Unit.

經濟學人智庫全球編輯主任艾琳•米婭說：“倫敦是唯一一個躋身前十的歐洲城市。”

Nigeria’s Lagos, Venezuela’s Caracas, Myanmar’s Yangon, Pakistan’s Karachi and Bangladesh’s Dhaka were the world’s five least safe cities, according to the index.

尼日利亞拉各斯、委內瑞拉加拉加斯、緬甸仰光、巴基斯坦卡拉奇和孟加拉國達卡被評爲世界上最不安全的五個城市。