喜好甜食有百害而無一利?

Despite the endless health campaigns to encourage us to cut back, sugar still makes up a third of our calorie intake.

儘管無休止的健康戰役要求我們和糖類斷絕關係，但是不可否認的是，糖類依然是我們攝取卡路里的主要方式。

This is deeply worrying, say experts, who are increasingly concerned that our bodies were not designed to take such a sugar overload, and fear it is contributing to many modern ills, including diabetes, heart disease and cancer.

科學家們說這臺令人心憂了。他們開始漸漸擔心我們的身體不能消耗那麼多的糖類物質，並且害怕過多的攝取糖類將會導致很多現代疾病，比如糖尿病，心臟病和癌症。

The problem is that sugar is highly addictive, as study after study has shown. Just last week researchers at Yale University revealed that dramatic falls in blood sugar, which occur after eating ‘bad’ carbohydrates such as sweets and biscuits, affect the part of the brain controlling impulse.

衆多研究顯示，最主要的問題是吃糖是會上癮的。上週，在耶魯大學的研究者們透露說，在吃了很多所謂的不好的碳水化合物例如甜品和餅乾後，血糖的大幅度下降將會影響腦部控制脈搏。

This leads to a loss of self control and a subsequent craving for more unhealthy, high-calorie foods.

這將會導致自我控制力的下降，並且將會吃更多的不健康的高卡路里的食物。

The researchers said this could help explain the burgeoning global obesity epidemic.

研究者們說着也可以解釋全球激增的肥胖問題。

That's the suggestion being made by Dr Jacob Teitelbaum in his book, Beat Sugar Addiction Now!

以下是雅各·提特巴姆在他的新書，《打倒糖類》中給出的建議。

Dr Teitelbaum has identified four types of sugar addiction. He says they are triggered by different causes, from hormonal changes to infections.

他指出了四種不同種類的糖類上癮，並表示說這是由不同種分類的原因引起的。

According to the type that best describes you, he suggests a specific action plan to tackle the problem.

根據他列出的四種類型，他給出了完美的解決方案。

Here are the four types — so which one is most like you?

以下便是這幾種類型，那麼你是哪種呢？

THYROID FAILURE 甲狀腺型

DOES THIS SOUND LIKE YOU? You work more than 40 hours a week and feel tired much of the time. A coffee every morning is vital to get you going and you crave sweets or caffeine through the day (you'll also have a non-diet fizzy drink most days).

這種像你嗎？你每週工作超過40個小時，時常感覺飛行航類。對你來說，每天早上一杯咖啡是必需的，爲了保持精力，你每天吃大量的糖果和含有咖啡因類的物質，同時你還經常沒節制的喝汽水。

You are plagued with aches and pains and have frequent headaches. You're also gaining weight and have trouble losing it.

你偶爾會被頭疼折磨，有可能體重還會增上，市場擔心減肥的問題。

THE PROBLEM: Because you're super busy, with little time for proper meals, you rely on fast food, sugary drinks and snacks to provide a boost.

問題所在：因爲你太忙了，沒有時間好好吃飯，所以就依靠快餐，甜得飲料還有零食讓自己充滿動力。

THE SOLUTION: Caffeine can aggravate sugar addiction (when you come down from an energy ‘high’, you often reach for sugar).

解決方案：咖啡因會使糖類上癮症更加嚴重，當你精神不夠充沛的時候，你就會想吃糖。

Withdraw gradually by halving coffee consumption each week, until you are on one cup a day, then switch to tea and finally caffeine-free tea.

慢慢減半咖啡的量直到每天只喝一杯，然後慢慢轉化成爲每天喝不含咖啡因的茶。

Drink more water to help flush your system. Ban processed food and white flour, and switch to diet drinks and whole foods such as brown bread, rice, pasta and flour, which take longer for the body to process, keeping blood sugar levels stable and keeping you off the sugar roller coaster.

每天都喝水，拒絕加工食品和精麪粉，向規律飲食過度，例如多吃全面麪包，意大利麪，這樣會使身體消化的過程加長，是血壓保持穩定。

Getting more sleep optimises energy levels, reduces appetite and slashes sugar cravings. When you are tired, you are more likely to crave sugar to generate energy artificially.

足夠的睡眠會讓你精力更充沛，減少對零食和糖類物質的渴望。當你累的時候，也許你就希望靠吃糖來保持精力充沛。

YEAST INVASION 酵母入侵型

DOES THIS SOUND LIKE YOU? It's impossible for you to get through the day without bread or sugar.

這個聽起來像你嗎？每天都要靠麪包和糖生活。

You've had a fungal infection, such as thrush or athlete’s foot, that has been difficult to treat — you might also have symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (such as wind, bloating, diarrhoea and/or constipation).

你可能真菌感染了，比如你得了鵝口瘡這種很難根治的病，或者你可能有腸易激綜合症的某些症狀，例如腹瀉或便祕等。

You frequently pop antacids or may have been prescribed steroids (such as Prednisone) for more than a month.

有的時候你可能需要注射類固醇超過一個月。

THE PROBLEM: It could be a yeast/candida overgrowth.

問題所在：你體內的酵母菌可能增長迅速了。

If you've had more than your fair share of antibiotics or antacids, there's a strong chance they've triggered an overgrowth of bad bacteria.

如果你超過了普通人體內所含有的抗生素或者制酸劑的標準，那麼你就很有可能是這種類型的糖類上癮症患者了。

Eating sugar makes the yeast multiply, so intensifying cravings and creating a vicious circle.

攝取糖類能使酵母菌繁殖，所以頻繁的攝取糖類有可能帶來非常嚴重的後果。

THE SOLUTION: You need to cut back on all forms of sugar, as well as caffeine, and switch to a low GI wholefood diet.

解決方案：你必須拒絕所有種類的糖類物品，當然也包括咖啡因，並開始吃純天然的食品。

ADRENALINE OVERLOAD 腎上腺素過多

DOES THIS SOUND LIKE YOU? You're irritable when you're hungry; you also often feel stressed. Sometimes you feel dizzy when you stand up. As well as suffering from recurrent sore throats and swollen glands, you may often be thirsty and have to urinate frequently.

這個像你嗎？當你感覺餓的時候你很容易發怒，同樣你感覺到壓力巨大。有時候你站起來還感覺頭暈目眩。同時你還感覺到嗓子又疼又腫，還經常口渴，不停的上廁所。

THE PROBLEM: You could be suffering from adrenal ‘overload’. The job of our adrenal glands is to pump out the stress hormones adrenaline and cortisol when we're under pressure.

問題所在：你的腎上腺素分泌過度了。腎上腺的功能是在我們覺得有壓力的時候抽出壓力荷爾蒙腎上腺素，和皮質醇。

THE SOLUTION: Graze on small, high-protein meals throughout the day (snack on nuts, cheese or eggs). This should keep energy levels on an even keel, making it easier to cut back on sugar. Try to reduce stress levels.

解決方案：每天吃高蛋白質的食物，用乾果，奶酪和雞蛋做零食。這樣能使你的能量維持在非常平穩的一個水平，並且更容易擺脫糖類。試着放鬆並減少壓力。

MENOPAUSE OR PMT 更年期或者經期綜合症

DOES THIS SOUND LIKE YOU? You're a woman aged 38 or over. You suffer from low mood and reduced sex drive — your periods have been getting irregular or changing (and the week before it starts you experience insomnia, headaches, fatigue and hot flushes).

這個像你嗎？你是超過38歲的女性。你性慾減退，每天情緒低落。你的週期開始變得不規律，經常變化，在經期開始之前的那幾周，你頭疼失眠，疲憊，甚至有熱潮紅的症狀。

THE PROBLEM: You may be experiencing the menopause, perimenopause (the lead-up to the menopause) or pre-menstrual tension.

問題所在：你可能到了更年期，遇到了停經期前症候，或者是經前焦慮。

This can cause sugar cravings to soar, leaving you tired, irritable and miserable when you do eat sugar.

這將會導致對糖類的渴望大大增強，當你吃糖的時候，你就不會感覺到累，煩躁或是覺得自己無助。

THE SOLUTION: Cut down on sugar as much as possible, but if you suffer from premenstrual tension, try taking vitamin B6 (200mg a day), too.

解決方案：儘可能減少對糖的依靠，但是如果你確實感到了經前焦慮，可以試着每天服用200毫克的維生素B6。

If you cut out sugar, you will be allowing your body to make prostaglandin more effectively.

如果你真的不吃糖了，你的身體將會產生更多的前列腺素。