國際勞工組織 年年輕人更難找工作

Global youth unemployment has started to worsen again after three years of modest improvement, with young people in emerging economies such as Brazil particularly badly hit.

過去三年裏，全球年輕人失業率曾有所好轉，但如今又開始惡化，巴西等新興經濟體的年輕人受到的衝擊尤爲嚴重。

The number of unemployed 15- to 24-year-olds in the world is set to swell by half a million this year to 71m, according to forecasts from the International Labour Organisation, the UN agency. As a result, the youth jobless rate will edge up from 12.9 per cent in 2015 to 13.1 per cent, close to its peak of 13.2 per cent in 2013.

聯合國下屬機構國際勞工組織(ILO)的預測顯示，今年世界上15歲至24歲的失業人口將增加50萬，至7100萬。結果是，年輕人失業率將從2015年的12.9%上升至13.1%，接近2013年13.2%的峯值。

Many young people have struggled to find a secure foothold in the labour market since the financial crisis, leaving them particularly exposed to the ups and downs of the slow and uneven global recovery.

很多年輕人自金融危機以來一直很難在勞動力市場上立足，這尤其讓他們感受到了緩慢且不平衡的全球復甦的上下起伏。

The ILO blamed the deep recessions in emerging economies such as Russia and Brazil that have been hit by falls in commodity prices. It predicted that youth unemployment in middle-income emerging countries as a whole would increase from 13.3 to 13.7 per cent this year, with Latin America the worst-hit region.

國際勞工組織把原因歸結爲俄羅斯和巴西等遭受大宗商品價格下跌衝擊的新興經濟體的深度衰退。該組織預測稱，從整體看，今年中等收入新興經濟體的年輕人失業率將從13.3%上升至13.7%，拉美是其中受衝擊最嚴重的地區。

That would more than offset an improvement in rich countries from 15 to 14.5 per cent, driven by Europe’s gradual economic recovery. The rate in poorer countries will inch up from 9.4 to 9.5 per cent.

這將大大抵消富裕新興經濟體年輕人失業率改善的影響。在歐洲經濟逐漸復甦的推動下，這類國家年輕人失業率從15%下降到了14.5%。貧窮新興經濟體的年輕人失業率將從9.4%上升至9.5%。

Young people are also more likely to be stuck in jobs that are too badly paid or insecure to lift them out of poverty, the ILO said.

國際勞工組織表示，年輕人也更有可能被迫從事報酬很低或者不穩固的工作，無法讓自己擺脫貧困。

In total, almost 38 per cent of working young people in the world are in poverty, compared with about a quarter of all working adults. Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest working poverty rate for young people at almost 70 per cent, but it is also high in Arab states (39 per cent) and southern Asia (49 per cent).

總體上看，世界上年輕就業人口中大約有38%處於貧困，而成年就業人口中處於貧困的僅爲約四分之一。在撒哈拉以南非洲，年輕就業人口中處於貧困的比例最高，接近70%，但阿拉伯國家和南亞國家的這一比例也很高，分別爲39%和49%。

The ILO said the persistent lack of decent jobs in many regions was also one of the drivers of international migration among young people. Its figures show that a fifth of the global youth population was willing to move permanently to another country last year.

國際勞工組織表示，許多地區無法提供體面工作，也是推動年輕人國際移民的因素之一。該組織的數據顯示，去年全球五分之一的年輕人願意永久性移民到另一個國家。

The figures were highest in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America at 38 per cent, followed by eastern Europe at 37 per cent. At the other end of the scale, young people in southern Asia and North America were the most reluctant to migrate.

在撒哈拉以南非洲和拉美，這一比例最高，爲38%，緊隨其後的是東歐，爲37%。與此形成對比的是，南亞和北美的年輕人最不願意移民。