中英雙語話史記 第90期:五代十國概述
Five Dynasties and Ten States
五代十國General
概況Chinese feudalism experienced the later period of its ascendancy during the Five Dynasties, the Song and the Yuan.
中國的封建主義在之後的五代十國和宋元時期越發處於優勢地位。
This was also a period of transition from separate feudal regimes to the establishment of a central authority over the whole country.
這同樣是整個國由分裂的封建制度向中央集權制度過度的時期。By the Five Dynasties are meant the later Liang, the Later Tang, the Later Jin, the Later Han and the Later Zhou.
“五代”指後梁、後唐、後晉、後漢與後周。
These states had all been founded at one time or another, between 907 to 960 on China's Central Plains.
這些國家都曾建立於907到960年間的原地區。During this period there were altogether 13 emperors who ruled for a total of 53 years.
在這段時期，53年間就有13位帝王執政。Between 960 and 1279 there were the Northern Song and the Southern Song dynasties, jointly known as the Song Dynasty.
960至1279年之間是北宋和南宋時期，它們合稱爲宋代。There were 9 emperors of 7 generations during the Northern Song, covering a period from 960 to 1127.
北宋自960年開始，於1127年結束，共有七代9位皇帝。There were 7 emperors of 7 generations during the Southern Song, covering the period from 1127 to 1276.
南宋自1127年開始，於1276年結束，共有七代7位皇帝。The Yuan Dynasty had 11 emperors of 6 generations between 1271 and 1368.
元朝自1271年開始，於1368年結束，共有六代11位皇帝。During the Five Dynasties, there were in addition ten small kingdoms known as the Ten States and also the state of Liao established,
五代年間，還有另外的“十國”和遼國，there were in North China the Liao, the Xixia (Western Xia) ,the Jin and the Mongol regimes and,
他們分別是中國北方的遼國、西夏、金國和蒙古國in the southern and western parts of the country, such kingdoms as Gaochang, Xiliao (Western Liao), Tubo and Dali.
還有中國南部和西部的高昌、西遼、吐蕃和大理。Though its capital was taken by the enemy as early as 1276, the Southern Song carried on its anti- Yuan struggle until 1279.
儘管南宋的都城早在1276年就被敵方攻佔，南宋軍隊仍與元朝抗爭至1279年。
