看好美國經濟 美聯儲上調利率

WASHINGTON — Citing the steady growth of the US economy, the Federal Reserve said Wednesday that it would increase its benchmark interest rate for just the second time since the 2008 financial crisis.

華盛頓——美聯儲週三表示，由於美國經濟的穩定增長，它將提高基準利率，這是自2008年金融危機以來它第二次調高利率。

The widely expected decision moves the Fed’s benchmark rate to a range between 0.5 and 0.75 percent, still a very low level by historical standards.

這個未出許多人預料的決定將美聯儲的基準利率調整到了0.5%至0.75%的區間，不過以歷史標準衡量，依然處在非常低的水平。

In announcing the decision, which followed a two-day meeting of the Fed’s policymaking committee, the central bank gave little indication that the election of Donald Trump has altered its economic outlook.

這個決定是在美聯儲決策委員會舉行爲期兩天的會議之後宣佈的，其中幾乎看不到唐納德•特朗普當選對央行的經濟預期產生影響的跡象。

The Fed said it still expected a slow economic expansion, and it still expected to continue a slow march toward higher rates.

美聯儲表示，它預計經濟還會緩慢增長，利率會繼續緩慢提升。

Fed officials said they expected to raise rates three times in 2017.

美聯儲官員表示，他們預計會在2017年加息三次。

My colleagues and I are recognizing the considerable progress the economy has made, Janet L. Yellen, the Fed chairwoman, said at a news conference after the announcement.

我和同事意識到經濟已經取得相當大的進步，美聯儲主席珍妮特•L•耶倫(Janet L. Yellen)在宣佈調息消息之後舉行的一場新聞發佈會上講。

We expect the economy will continue to perform well.

我們預計經濟會繼續表現良好。

The decision was taken by a unanimous vote of the 10 members of the Federal Open Market Committee, the first time in recent months the Fed has acted by consensus.

這項決策是由聯邦公開市場委員會(Federal Open Market Committee)10名成員一致投票通過的，這是最近幾個月美聯儲首次達成一致的行動。

The Fed is holding rates at low levels to support economic growth by encouraging borrowing and risk-taking.

美聯儲將利率維持在低水平，以便通過鼓勵借貸和承擔風險來支持經濟增長。

The committee’s statement said it judged that the economy still needed help.

該委員會發聲明稱，據它判斷，經濟依然需要外力推動。

The Fed’s economic outlook was essentially unchanged from the last round of forecasts in September.

與今年9月份做出的上一輪預測相比，美聯儲的經濟預期基本沒有改變。

Fed officials continued to predict the economy would expand at an annual rate of about 2 percent for the next few years.

美聯儲官員依然預測經濟在接下來的兩年裏會以每年大約2%的速度增長。

They expect little further decline in the unemployment rate, which stood at 4.6 percent in November.

他們預計失業率會進一步小幅下跌，這個數字在11月份是4.6%。

Inflation, meanwhile, is expected to reach 2 percent — the pace the Fed regards as healthy —

與此同時，通貨膨脹預計達到2%，然後保持穩定。

and then stay there.

美聯儲認爲這個速度是健康的。

If Republicans succeed in invigorating economic growth, however, the Fed is likely to raise rates more quickly.

然而，如果共和黨人在刺激經濟增長方面取得成功，美聯儲有可能更快調高利率。

The greater the stimulus, the faster interest rates are likely to rise.

刺激力度越大，調高利率的時間可能就越早。

Your expectation should depend very little on what you think that the FOMC is thinking and very much on your view of Trump policies and their macro effects, said Jon Faust, an economist at Johns Hopkins University and a former adviser to Yellen.

你們不要把預期建立在你們覺得聯邦公開市場委員會在想什麼的基礎上，而應該主要依據你們對特朗普的政策及其宏觀效應的看法，耶倫的前顧問、約翰-霍普金斯大學(Johns Hopkins University)經濟學家喬恩•福斯特(Jon Faust)說。

Don’t focus on the Fed.

不要太關注美聯儲。

As James Carville regularly reminded the other Clinton on the campaign trail: It’s the economy, stupid.

就像詹姆斯•卡維爾(James Carville)在競選活動中經常提醒另一位克林頓的：這是經濟，傻瓜。