英國擬成爲全球導向型的貿易國家
Theresa May has set out a new role for a “global Britain” outside Europe’s single market in a landmark speech outlining plans for the UK’s epochal EU exit.
特里薩·梅(Theresa May)爲一個置身於歐洲單一市場以外的“全球的英國”設定了新的角色，她在里程碑式的演講中概述了英國劃時代退歐的計劃。The prime minister’s long-anticipated plan aimed to take the edges off a “hard Brexit” feared by business, but she vowed to fight back if she failed to get a good deal from the EU’s remaining 27 members.
英國首相提出的外界期待已久的計劃，旨在讓商界擔心的英國“硬退歐”減少一些鋒芒，但她誓言，如果未能從歐盟其他27個成員國那裏爭取到好的協議，就會予以反擊。Mrs May said she would seek a “bold and ambitious free-trade agreement” with the EU and hoped to maintain partial membership of the its customs union, continued tariff-free trade and an “implementation phase” to avoid a Brexit cliff-edge.
梅表示，她將尋求與歐盟達成一個“大膽且雄心勃勃的自由貿易協定”，並希望保留關稅聯盟部分成員國身份，繼續零關稅貿易，以及安排一個“實施階段”以避免退歐“跌落懸崖”。
“We are leaving the European Union but we are not leaving Europe,” she said.
她說：“我們將要離開歐盟，但我們不會離開歐洲。”But her speech caused unease in Europe as Mrs May laced it with a threat to walk away if she could not secure a trade deal, instead turning Britain into an economy based on low taxes and loose regulation.
但梅的演講在歐洲引起了不安，因爲她在演講中威脅稱，如果爭取不到貿易協定，她將會放棄談判，轉而把英國轉型爲一個低稅收和寬鬆監管的經濟體。Donald Tusk, European Council president, said it was a sad day but that the British prime minister had made a “more realistic announcement on Brexit”. He said the EU was now ready to start Brexit talks.
歐洲理事會(European Council)主席唐納德?圖斯克(Donald Tusk)表示，這是令人悲哀的一天，但英國首相作出了“有關英國退歐的更爲現實的宣示”。他說，歐盟現在已經準備好啓動英國退歐談判。The pound rose sharply as Mrs May gave her speech to European diplomats in London, as markets responded favourably to her generally positive tone and the end of the uncertainty that had surrounded London’s strategy since the shock vote to leave the EU in June.
在梅在倫敦向歐洲外交官發表演講之際，英鎊急劇飆升。對於英國首相總體積極的態度，以及自去年6月以來英國令人震驚地投票決定退出歐盟以來圍繞倫敦戰略的不確定性消失，市場反響積極。After anxiety earlier in the week that Mrs May was going to announce a “hard Brexit”, the pound was on track for its best one-day gain against the dollar since 2008, rallying 2.9 per cent to just below $1.24.
在本週早些時候市場擔憂梅將宣佈“英國硬退歐”之後，英鎊兌美元匯率創下2008年以來最大的單日漲幅，上漲2.9%，至1英鎊兌略低於1.24美元。“If the prime minister achieves all she has set out to achieve, she will fall short of hard Brexit that many in business and trade unions have feared,” said Sir Keir Starmer, Brexit spokesman for the opposition Labour party. The reaction in political, business and financial circles reflected a sense of relief that she now had a plan, despite the potential pitfalls and economic risks.
英國反對黨工黨的退歐事務發言人基爾?斯塔默爵士(Sir Keir Starmer)表示：“如果首相實現了她設定的所有目標，她就不會推動商界和工會許多人擔心的硬退歐。”政界、商界和金融界的反應反映出人們對她現在終於有了計劃感到如釋重負，儘管依然存在潛在陷阱和經濟風險。The prime minister, who had warned during the EU referendum against leaving the single market, confirmed that Britain was pulling out of a trading area covering 500m people that her Conservative predecessor Margaret Thatcher helped to build. Britain would instead return to its roots as a globally-oriented trading nation.
梅曾在公投前的拉票期間反對退出歐洲單一市場。她證實，英國將要退出其保守黨前任首相瑪格麗特?撒切爾(Margaret Thatcher)幫助創建的覆蓋5億人口的貿易區。英國將重新成爲一個全球導向型的貿易國家。Mrs May confirmed she would be prepared to walk away from Brexit negotiations, guaranteeing a hard departure. “I am clear that no deal for Britain is better than a bad deal for Britain,” she said.
梅證實，她將準備好放棄英國退歐談判，這肯定會導致硬退歐。她說：“我很明確，對英國來說，沒有協議也好過一個糟糕的協議。”Acknowledging some voices in the EU wanted “a punitive deal”, she said: “That would be an act of calamitous self-harm for the countries of Europe and it would not be the act of a friend.”
她承認歐盟有些人希望與英國簽署一個“懲罰性的協議”，她說：“對歐洲國家來說，這將是災難性的自我傷害的做法，不是朋友應該有的作爲。”She added: “If we were excluded from the accessing the single market, we would be free to change the basis of Britain’s economic model.”
她補充稱：“如果我們被擋在單一市場門外，我們將可以自由改變英國經濟模式的基礎。”Mrs May also reminded her audience of the role Britain plays in European security, although Downing Street insisted she was not putting its willingness to share intelligence and defence capabilities on the negotiating table,
梅還向聽衆提醒英國在歐洲安全方面扮演的角色，儘管唐寧街堅稱，她不會在英國分享情報和國防能力的意願上討價還價。
