從迪拜到溫哥華,總統特朗普的商業帝國版圖

DUBAI, United Arab Emirates — The well-heeled guests strolled up red carpeted steps and through lines of smiling young women to reach the newest outpost in President Donald Trump’s international business empire.

阿拉伯聯合酋長國迪拜——穿着考究的賓客漫步走上鋪着紅毯的臺階，穿過兩側微笑的年輕女子，來到唐納德·特朗普總統國際商業帝國的最新堡壘。

At the Saturday night opening of the clubhouse of the Trump International Golf Club, Dubai, guests munched on mini chicken burgers and sipped fizzy lemonade while Eric Trump and Donald Trump Jr., the president’s adult sons, lauded the ruler of Dubai and their business partner, Hussain Sajwani.

週六晚上，在迪拜特朗普國際高爾夫俱樂部(Trump International Golf Club)的開業典禮上，賓客們享用迷你雞肉漢堡，喝着起泡檸檬水，總統的兩個成年兒子埃裏克·特朗普(Eric Trump)和小唐納德·特朗普(Donald Trump Jr.)讚美了迪拜王儲以及他們的商業夥伴侯賽因·沙瓦尼(Hussain Sajwani)。

Sajwani, a billionaire businessman who, like Trump, built his wealth through real estate, told the crowd that working with the Trumps “was and continues to be a pleasure.”

沙瓦尼是一位億萬富商，和特朗普一樣，他也是通過地產業獲得了財富。他對觀衆說，與特朗普家族合作“是一件愉快的事，今後也將是如此”。

On the other side of the world, in Vancouver, British Columbia, preparations continued for another ribbon-cutting, on Feb. 28, at a new Trump hotel and condo project there, funded by Malaysian tycoon Tiah Thee Kian and his son, Tiah Joo Kim.

2月28日，在世界另一端的不列顛哥倫比亞省溫哥華市，一個新的特朗普酒店和公寓項目的剪彩儀式準備工作正在進行中。這個項目由馬來西亞大亨程鐵建(Tony Tiah Thee Kian)和兒子程如錦(Tiah Joo Kim)出資。

The two projects, the first to open since Trump became president, are among the dozen international business deals from his former life still moving forward — from India to Indonesia, Uruguay to the Dominican Republic. None of them are “new deals,” as defined by the family, as they were well underway before the election.

這兩個項目是特朗普就任總統後最先開業的項目。從印度到印度尼西亞，從烏拉圭到多米尼加共和國，它們是他之前事業延續下來的十幾個國際業務中的兩個。正如他的家族所說，它們都不是“新業務”，在競選之前早就開始運作了。

A Web of Complications

複雜的網絡

Sajwani and Tiah share traits common among Trump’s partners around the world, including in Indonesia and the Philippines. They are brash, wealthy developers whose families have personal ties to Trump or to his children.

沙瓦尼和程氏父子擁有特朗普在全球各地的商業夥伴共有的特徵——包括在印度尼西亞和菲律賓的夥伴。他們都是招搖、富有的開發商，他們的家族都與特朗普或其子女有私交。

But the projects in which the two men are involved highlight the complications created when the U.S. president also owns a global real estate company.

不過，這兩個項目突顯出美國總統同時擁有一個全球地產公司所造成的棘手情況。

Condominium units in the Vancouver building, the Trump International Hotel & Tower, have been purchased by affluent buyers, including a family that runs a Hong Kong machinery company majority-owned by a Chinese state-owned enterprise, according to real estate and corporate records. The Trump Organization is managing only the hotel, in exchange for a fee.

溫哥華特朗普國際酒店和大廈(Trump International Hotel & Tower)的公寓已經被很多富人買走，包括一個經營香港一家機械公司的家族。根據地產和公司記錄，該公司由一箇中國國企控股。特朗普集團(The Trump Organization)僅經營酒店部分，賺取管理費。

And Sajwani has contracted extensively with the U.S. military and spoken of entering the U.S. real estate market — moves that could be easier with a friend in the White House.

沙瓦尼與美國軍方有着廣泛的業務聯繫，也提到過進軍美國地產市場——在白宮有一位朋友，他的行動會更容易一些。

Eric Trump, who with his older brother helps run the Trump Organization now that their father is president, said before the Dubai event that the company was not the owner of either development, but only collected a small share of the revenues, and that it did not control who bought the units in Vancouver or the membership list at the golf course in Dubai.

父親就任總統後，埃裏克·特朗普和哥哥幫助經營特朗普集團。在迪拜的這次活動之前，埃裏克表示，該集團不是這兩個項目的所有者，只收取一小部分收益，對溫哥華公寓的購買者和迪拜高爾夫俱樂部的會員也沒有控制權。

Addressing the guests Saturday, Eric Trump praised his family’s partnership with Sajwani.

週六，埃裏克·特朗普在向賓客們致辭時讚揚了他的家族與沙瓦尼的合作關係。

“It is not every day that you have a partner that is also a great friend,” he said. “Hussain, thank you so much for your love, your friendship.”

“你並不總是能碰到能成爲好朋友的商業夥伴，”他說，“侯賽因，非常感謝你的愛和友誼。”

Donald Trump Jr. praised Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, the ruler of Dubai, saying it was his vision for the country that allowed such projects to succeed.

小唐納德·特朗普讚揚了迪拜王儲謝赫穆罕默德·本·拉希德·阿勒馬克圖姆(Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum)，稱這些項目的成功得益於阿勒馬克圖姆對這個國家的遠見。

“It’s a great example of what can be built here and what will continue to be built in the years to come,” he said.

“它是一個典範，向我們展示了這裏可以修建什麼，以及在未來的很多年裏可以繼續修建什麼，”他說。

Golf Course in the Desert

沙漠中的高爾夫球場

A few years ago, Trump, then a real estate tycoon, visited what would turn out to be his first project to open after he became president and his first in the Arab world.

幾年前，當時身爲地產大亨的特朗普參觀了後來成爲他當選總統後第一個開業的項目的地方。那也是他在阿拉伯國家的第一個項目。

The Trump International Golf Club Dubai was to form the centerpiece of a luxurious collection of upscale homes, and Trump wanted to check the details.

迪拜特朗普國際高爾夫俱樂部是一系列奢華高檔住宅的中心項目，特朗普想要覈實細節。

“We walked through the golf course and he said: ‘You see that tree; move it 10 feet there. That tree is too small; make it bigger,'” recalled Niall McLoughlin, a senior vice president at Damac Properties, which owns the project. “His attention to detail is tremendous.”

“我們走過高爾夫球場，他說：‘你看那棵樹，把它往那兒挪10英尺。那棵樹太小了，弄大點，’”達馬克房地產公司(Damac Properties)的高級副總裁尼爾·麥克洛克林(Niall McLoughlin)回憶說。該項目歸該公司所有。“他非常關注細節。”

The Trump Organization had been brought in to operate the golf course by Damac, whose chairman, Sajwani, had known Trump for years.

達馬克公司的主席沙瓦尼認識特朗普多年。是他讓特朗普集團加入了該高爾夫球場的運營。

Questions swirled about the commitment of Sajwani, a Muslim in a predominantly Muslim country, to the Trump brand in 2015, after Trump said that if elected, he would impose a ban on Muslims entering the United States.

2015年，在特朗普聲稱自己當選後會禁止穆斯林進入美國之後，關於沙瓦尼對特朗普品牌的承諾出現了很多質疑。沙瓦尼是一個以穆斯林爲主的國家裏的一名穆斯林。

A few days later, billboards near the course in Dubai showing Trump swinging a golf club and his daughter Ivanka holding a handbag were temporarily taken down, as was Trump’s name, spelled out in gold letters on a wall near the entrance.

數日後，迪拜高爾夫球場附近展示特朗普揮動球杆、女兒伊萬卡拿着手袋的廣告牌以及入口附近牆上用金字拼出的特朗普名字被暫時撤下。

McLoughlin, of Damac, said in an interview in November that the changes had been routine and unrelated to Trump’s statements.

去年11月，達馬克的麥克洛克林在採訪中表示，那是些例行的變動，與特朗普的聲明無關。

“It was a purely unfortunate coincidence,” he said. “We are an apolitical organization.”

“那純粹是不幸的巧合，”他說，“我們是一個不關心政治的公司。”

There was no overt mention of Trump at the clubhouse opening Saturday, but his name was omnipresent, on flags flying around the golf course and on hats, shirts, visors and balls for sale in the pro shop.

週六的俱樂部開業典禮沒有明顯提及特朗普，但他的名字隨處可見——在高爾夫球場四周飛揚的旗幟上以及高爾夫專賣店銷售的帽子、襯衫、遮陽帽和高爾夫球上。

— A Tower in Vancouver

溫哥華的大廈

Later this month, Trump’s sons are scheduled to preside over another grand opening, this time of the Trump International Hotel & Tower Vancouver, which was developed by the Holborn Group, run by Tiah Joo Kim, 37.

本月底，特朗普的兒子們將主持另一場盛大的開業典禮——溫哥華特朗普國際酒店和大廈的開業典禮。該項目是37歲的程如錦經營的鴻博地產集團(Holborn Group)開發的。

Tiah formed the partnership with the Trump family and spearheaded the development of the residence and hotel, his first major project, by first making a pitch first to Donald Jr., Eric and Ivanka. Their father eventually signed off on the deal.

程如錦與特朗普家族達成合作關係，領頭開發了這個住宅和酒店項目，這是他的首個大型項目。他先是說服了小唐納德、埃裏克和伊萬卡，他們的父親最終批准了這個項目。

Tiah’s father, Tiah Thee Kian, made his fortune in the Malaysian stock market in the 1980s. But in the late 1990s, he was accused of violating securities law and eventually paid a fine of about $900,000. At the time, he was said to be a supporter of Anwar Ibrahim, then deputy prime minister, who had challenged the leadership of Mahathir Mohamad, the prime minister. Anwar was later imprisoned on sodomy charges, a case widely seen as politically motivated.

20世紀80年代，程如錦的父親程鐵建在馬來西亞股市發了財。但在90年代末，他被指控違反證券法，最終支付了約90萬美元罰款。據說當時他是時任副總理安瓦爾·易卜拉欣(Anwar Ibrahim)的支持者，後者質疑過總理馬哈蒂爾·穆罕默德(Mahathir Mohamad)的領導權。安瓦爾後來因雞姦罪入獄，該案被普遍認爲是政治鬥爭的結果。

In a country that runs on political patronage, one where many decisions are made behind the scenes, the elder Tiah’s political alliance with Anwar may have contributed to his legal setbacks. Political analysts and insiders say he has not been involved in politics since that time and has kept a low profile.

政治庇護在馬來西亞蔚然成風，很多決定都是幕後做出的，程鐵建與安瓦爾的政治聯盟可能是他訴訟受挫的原因。政治分析人士和內部人士表示，從那以後，他沒有參與過政治，一直保持低調。

The company’s most profitable venture is the Trump development in Vancouver, the younger Tiah said, adding that he assiduously avoided any political entanglements. When he reached an agreement with Trump in 2012, he never foresaw that Trump would have a political career.

程如錦稱，該公司最賺錢的項目是溫哥華的特朗普開發項目。他還表示，他刻意避免任何政治糾葛。2012年，他與特朗普達成協議時，絕沒有料到特朗普會擁有一番政治事業。

The Vancouver project includes 217 residential units. All were sold before the election except for the three penthouses, which have not been put on the market. No buyer has sought to back out, Tiah said.

溫哥華的項目包括217套公寓。除了尚未上市的三套頂層公寓，其他的在競選前都已售出。程如錦稱，沒有哪位買家試圖退款。

Two units belong to the Fong family, which paid more than $4.2 million for them. Public records link the units to Sou Lam Fong, founder of CHTC Fong’s Industries Co. Ltd., a textile-dyeing machinery company based in Hong Kong. The company is majority-owned by a Chinese state-owned enterprise, China Hi-Tech Group Corp., according to a recent annual report.

有兩套公寓賣給了方氏家族，他們花了420多萬美元。公共記錄顯示，這兩套公寓屬於香港紡織染整機械公司恆天立信的創始人方壽林。據最近的一份年報稱，該公司由中國國企中國恆天集團控股。

“The Trump name represents quality,” said Bill Streeper, mayor of the Northern Rockies municipality in British Columbia and a major real estate developer, who bought a unit in the tower on the 55th floor in 2013, long before Trump won the Republican nomination.

“特朗普的名字代表着品質，”不列顛哥倫比亞省北部落基山市市長、主要地產開發商比爾·斯特里珀(Bill Streeper)說。2013年，他買下了該大廈55層的一套公寓，遠在特朗普贏得共和黨提名之前。

Trump’s election victory has brought a great deal of attention, good and bad, to the hotel, the younger Tiah said. There have been anti-Trump protests, but the hotel has also received plenty of free publicity.

程如錦稱，特朗普當選給該酒店帶來了很多正面和負面的關注。有一些反特朗普抗議，但酒店也獲得了很多免費宣傳。

On a recent visit to the hotel’s Champagne bar, Brittany Dacosta, 26, was having a drink with her sister. She said it was her second time at Trump Vancouver in the past week. “This place is very controversial, so it kind of made us want to come here more,” she said. “I know it sounds bad, but Trump is glamorous.”

前不久，26歲的布里塔妮· 達科斯塔(Brittany Dacosta)和姐妹在該酒店的香檳酒吧喝酒。她說，這是她在過去的一週裏第二次來到溫哥華特朗普酒店。“這個地方很有爭議，所以有點讓我們更想來這兒，”她說，“我知道這聽起來很糟，但特朗普很有魅力。”

Tiah said he tried to steer a middle course and encourage tolerance.

程如錦表示，他努力保持中間路線，鼓勵寬容。

“The American people have chosen,” he said, “so let’s respect their decision and give him a chance.”

“美國人民做出了選擇，”他說，“所以讓我們尊重他們的選擇，給他一個機會。”