歷史今天:1971年卡塔爾成立(9.3)

【英文原文】

Qatar, also known as the State of Qatar or locally Dawlat Qaṭar, is an Arab emirate in the Middle East, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the larger Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south; otherwise the Persian Gulf surrounds the state. An oil-rich nation, Qatar has the second highest GDP per capita in the world. An absolute monarchy, Qatar has been ruled by the al-Thani family since the mid-1800s and has since transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the Amir, who had ruled the country since 1972. His son, the current Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa al-Thani, overthrew him in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. As of 2007, oil and natural gas revenues had enabled Qatar to attain the second-highest per capita income in the world.

【中文譯文】

卡塔爾，也被稱爲卡塔爾國或Dawlat Qatar，是一箇中東的阿拉伯酋長國，位於阿拉伯半島東北海岸的小卡塔爾半島。它南側與沙特阿拉伯接壤，另一側是波斯灣。作爲一個石油儲量豐富的國家，卡塔爾的人均國內生產總值在世界上名列第二。作爲一個君主制國家，卡塔爾自19世紀中葉就被阿勒薩尼家族統治，從一個在英國保護下的貧窮國家成爲一個獨立石油和天然氣的輸出國。在80年代末和90年代初，由於自1972年上任的國王埃米爾一直盜取國家的石油收入，卡塔爾經濟一度陷於癱瘓。他的兒子，現任的埃米爾哈馬德本哈利法阿勒薩尼，1995年推翻了一場政變。 2001年，卡塔爾解決了其與巴林和沙特阿拉伯長期的邊界爭端。截至2007年，石油和天然氣的收入已使卡塔爾達到人均收入第二高的國家。