盤點好萊塢10部與科學相悖的電影大片(上)

Hollywood is full of lies. Believe it or not, the Movie-making industry isn't terribly concerned with truth telling.

好萊塢電影裏充滿了謊言。信不信由你，電影製作行業並不那麼在乎遵循事實。

Instead, directors and producers pump their films full of over-the-top special effects, unrealistic dialogue and scientific flaws.

相反，導演和製片人在電影中注入大量誇大其詞的特效，滿滿都是不切實際的對話和科學漏洞。

When it comes to science, Hollywood is notoriously fuzzy with details. Monsters and superheroes sprout from seeds of the thinnest of genetic reasoning. Widespread natural disasters appear out of nowhere. Action heroes, even those lacking super powers, somehow defy even the most basic laws of physics.

提及科學，好萊塢模糊細節是衆所周知的。怪物和超級英雄的來源從遺傳學的角度最經不起推敲。在電影中廣泛的自然災害頻發。而那些超級英雄即使是那些沒有超能力，也是違反基本物理定律的。

So perhaps it's no surprise that filmmakers sometimes base entire movies on a series of scientific falsehoods.

有時電影製片人創作的整部電影都基於一系列不成立的科學依據，這點不足爲奇。

After all, if you're going to break a few laws of the universe, you may as well go all the way.

但話說回來，你如果非要打破一些宇宙定律，那可能也會錯的一塌糊塗。

Action and disaster genres are generally the most notable offenders.

動作片和災難片往往就會犯這種錯，

They take a grain of scientific truth, snowball it into ridiculous proportions and then try to sell their ludicrous premises to the public as entertainment.

他們把微小的某些科學放大到荒唐的地步，然後作爲娛樂產品試圖向大衆推銷這種荒謬說法。

Sometimes it works. Sometimes it doesn't. As with all movies, the casting and acting matters, too, and when they're done well they provide cover for scientific illusions that would otherwise be too glaring to overlook.

這種辦法有時候可行，有時候不可行。和所有電影一樣，角色分配和演技問題也很重要，當他們做好的時候，就能爲科學幻想提供掩護，否則科學紕漏藏都藏不住。

Other times, the science is so bad it makes you want to exit the theater in great haste.

其他時候，科學BUG甚至會讓你噁心得連影院都呆不下去。

Without further ado, let's review 10 movies that rely on scientific falsehoods as the underpinnings for their plots. You'll see that in Hollywood, science frequently takes a backseat to fun.

事不宜遲，我們來回顧一下10部以不成立的科學依據爲情節基礎的電影。你會發現，在好萊塢，科學經常退居娛樂之後。

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10.侏羅紀公園

Everyone wants a pet dinosaur. Thanks to "Jurassic Park," some people think we could feasibly extract preserved dino DNA, reconstitute it in a lab and then, presto, manufacture a velociraptor or tyrannosaurus rex.

每個人都想擁有一隻寵物恐龍吧。多虧了 “侏羅紀公園”，有些人認爲我們提取保存恐龍DNA是切實可行的，只需在實驗室裏搗鼓搗鼓，很快就能製造一個迅猛龍或霸王龍。

It would be an expensive endeavor, of course, but the payoff would be amazing. After all a scaly, toothy ancient reptile friend would make you the life of every party. Sadly, this fantasy is an impossibility.

毋庸置疑，這個嘗試會非常昂貴，但它的回報也很驚人。畢竟擁有一個長着鱗片、張牙舞爪的古代爬行動物朋友會讓你的生活多姿多彩。可惜，這個幻想太不切實際了。

The recipe for rebuilding a dinosaur is long and complicated. You'd have to start by locating undamaged dinosaur DNA. That's not happening.

復活恐龍的方法是冗長而複雜的。首先你要找到完好的恐龍DNA，但是這根本不可能。

No matter how well it's preserved, DNA begins degrading after a few hundred years.

不管它被保存得多好，幾百年後也會開始降解。

Then you would need to sequence the DNA into a complete genome for one species, essentially recreating a puzzle made of billions of tiny pieces.

然後你需要將該DNA插入到一個完整的基因組中，本質上就是把數以億計的小碎片拼成一副完整的圖。

Next, you'd use the genome to make chromosomes. The chromosomes would then be transferred into an egg from a modern species that's somehow compatible enough to carry genetic material from a long-extinct species. Good luck with all of those processes.

接下來，你需要用基因組來製造染色體。染色體將被轉移到一個來自現代物種的卵子中，某種程度上的兼容性足以讓一個滅絕已久的物種從中獲取遺傳物質。上帝保佑這些步驟都能一帆風順。

It's been 65 million years since dinosaurs roamed the world en masse. There's a reason for that. And even our most innovative geneticists won't be resurrecting dinosaurs anytime soon.

距離恐龍成羣結隊的時代已經有6500萬年了。這一切都是有原因的：即使是我們思維最爲先進的遺傳學家也不能在短期內復活恐龍。

9.超體

At some point in your school career, a teacher may have lectured about the fact that humans use only 10 percent of their brains.

學生時代時你老師可能告訴過你，人類只開發了大腦的百分之十。

During those classes, you daydreamed about unlocking your whole brain and becoming a superhuman capable of almost anything. That's the premise behind, "Lucy," starring Scarlett Johansson.

當時你曾幻想解鎖你整個大腦，成爲一個幾乎無所不能的超人。但開發整個大腦是前提條件。影片“超體”由斯嘉麗·約翰遜主演。

It the film, Johansson ingests drugs that jimmy the locks in her brain, unleashing fantastic new capabilities. She masters languages with ease. She develops telepathy and telekinesis. She punches bad guys in the face.

電影中，約翰遜因服食了某種藥物衝破了大腦的桎梏，激發了一些驚奇新能力：輕鬆掌握一門新語言、心靈感應和隔空取物。擁有了“超能力”的她把壞人狠狠地教訓了一頓。

No one is precisely sure where the 10 percent myth originated, but sadly, it's not true.

沒有人確切地知道百分之十這個傳說源於何處，不幸的是此言純屬空穴來風。

You actually do use most your brain's capacity. Brain scans prove that your entire hunk of gray matter is continually pulsing with electrical activity.

你確實調動了你大腦大部分的能力。腦部掃描證明你的整個大塊灰質持續進行着脈電衝活動。

Furthermore, if you had a lot of brain power to spare, your noggin would be able to absorb a lot more abuse. As it stands, just a minor blow in just the wrong way can cause debilitating brain damage.

此外，如果你閒置的腦力過多，大腦就會吸收過多的無用信息。按這種情況來看，只要一個小小的打擊，都會導致大腦毀滅性損傷。

That's not to discourage you from trying to tap into your brain's full potential. You can always learn new skills and master old ones. Just don't expect to overhaul your mind with a miracle drug.

我們不是要勸你放棄挖掘大腦的潛能，你當然可以溫故知新，但請不要指望用一種神奇的藥物來徹底改變你的頭腦。

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8.環形使者

If you're a criminal and you want to whack someone, why not just send an assassin into the past and kill them before they become a problem?

如果你是個罪犯，並且想解決掉某個人，那你爲什麼不派一名刺客穿越到過去趁他們還未成爲一個麻煩之前殺掉他們呢？

That's especially true in 2074, when ultra-modern forensics make it just about impossible to hide dead bodies.

到了2074年這些都能成真，那時的超現代化法醫技術，幾乎不可能藏匿屍體。

That's the two-sentence synopsis of Rian Johnson's "Looper," which relies heavily on imaginary elements of time travel. It's also a pretty unlikely story.

以上是對由萊恩·約翰遜出演的電影《環形使者》的兩句話概要。這部電影在很大程度上基於時空旅行的想象。

It's not that every physicist believes that time travel is impossible.

並非所有的物理學家都否認時空旅行存在的可能性。

Based in Einstein's theories of the nature of our universe, time allows for some pretty bizarre twists and turns, and with the right insights, maybe humans could jump around in history, visiting ancient Aztecs and saddling up the dinosaurs (which as you already know, you'll never be able to recreate "Jurassic Park"-style).

根據愛因斯坦的時空本質論，空間和時間會發生彎曲，只要時機恰當，人類就可能跳入歷史中，參觀古時候的阿芝特剋人恐龍備鞍（正如你所知，你沒法創造一個侏羅紀公園）。

However, even if we somehow figure out a way to zoom back into the past, we may not be able to interact with or alter anything or anyone there.

然而，即使我們發現了某種能穿越到過去的方法，也不能與任何人互動或改變那裏的任何事情。

That's because of the so-called "grandfather paradox." This idea based on the argument that if you traveled into the past and killed your grandfather, you simply would never exist. That's a pretty profound paradox.

這是由於所謂的祖父悖論，該悖論認爲如果你回到過去並殺死了你的祖父，你也將不復存在。這是一個非常有意義的悖論。

There's also the notion of a causal loop. If a person travels back in time to effect an event, the time traveler eventually reaches a point in the timeline where she originally fired up the time lting in a cycle that repeats itself endlessly.

這也是一個具有因果關係的迴路概念。如果一個人通過時空旅行回到過去，影響了一件事的發展趨勢，那這個人將最終回到時間軸上他觸發時光機的那個時間點，永無止境地循環。

So although "Looper" makes for some fun banter, it's by no means a realistic portrayal of our multi-dimensional universe.

因此，雖然影片《環形使者》開了幾個無惡意的玩笑，但它並不是對於我們多重宇宙的真實描述。