NBA偉大教練的五大特質

5 Keys to Being a Great Basketball Coach!!!

成爲頂尖籃球教練的五個要點！！！

If you want your youth basketball team to have an All-Star experience all season, there are a wide range of ideals you need to focus on to make the experience as positive as possible. Here are five ways that you can be an All-Star basketball coach.

如果你想帶着你的小夥子們享受一個全明星級別的賽季，你要注意的東西可就多啦！而且，你的工作可不僅僅止於“完成“它們，你還要始終如一的保持着積極地態度。接下來，我們將向你介紹成爲全明星級教練的五個關鍵！

All-Star Qualities

全明星氣質

Sportsmanship—Remember basic courtesy and good manners? Use your practices and games to reinforce these basic principles. Make sure your players can give a firm handshake with eye contact to officials and opposing coaches, as well as a high five to opposing players.

體育道德——你還記得一些基本的禮貌和品德嗎？你需要在訓練和比賽中不斷在球員心裏強化這些基本原則。你要確保你的球員會和球隊官員和對方教練體面的握握手，並且會和他們有些眼神交流。他們需要不斷熟悉這些禮儀，直到他們對這些繁文縟節熟悉得就像和對方球員擊掌一樣。

Teamwork—Teach your players that "we over me" is what Most often leads to "us over them," in team sports competition. Encourage your players to be selfless and supportive teammates in both losing and winning efforts.

團隊合作——告訴你的球員，在團隊比賽中，“團隊至上”的理念纔是最能激發出“我們比他們強”的信條。無論比賽是輸是贏，你都要鼓勵你的隊員成爲無私奉獻、可以信賴的隊友。

Positive Attitude—Life is not fair and basketball is worse. Help your players get over it and still do what they need to do to succeed. Playing sports is one the best ways to practice overcoming adversity and preparing to handle tough times in life. Humor helps!

積極地態度——生活是不公平的，籃球更是。你要幫助你的球員克服這些不公，讓他們能夠在通往成功的道路上堅持前進。體育運動本就是練習克服逆境、爲應對生命之艱的最佳方法之一。幽默便是一劑良方！

Respect—Pay it forward and get it back. How a coach interacts with other adults--coaches, parents and officials--will naturally influence the behavior of your players. Be mindful that you are a role model and are always being watched. Insist that your players respect coaches, officials and opponents--like you do. Have the courage to enforce your rules with every player and parent involved with your team.

尊重——如果你想獲得別人的尊重，那你首先要對別人尊重。一名教練與其他成年人——教練、父母和官員——相互交流溝通的方式自然會影響你球員的行爲。永遠記住你是一個榜樣，是你的球員學習的典範。你一定要讓你的球員學會尊重教練、官員和對手--就像你一樣。你需要有勇氣去制定一套自己的規則，並且讓球隊中的每一個人、每一個球員，還有家長，都認真地遵守。

Coaching

駕馭能力

Philosophy—Want a surefire way to be a great youth coach? Lighten up! Here's a tip. Not one of your games will be Game 7 of the NBA Finals. Billions of people don't even know you exist, let alone feel that your practices and games are important. Recreational league and even elite travel team coaches should understand that kids want to play sports and to have FUN! Let your players figure things out. Ask questions, but don't give instruction or answers. Stop teaching so much and give your players a chance to learn. Watching them grow will be fun for you too!

球場哲學——你想能成爲一個偉大的青年隊教練嗎？聽好了！這是要點。你指揮的比賽並不是NBA總決賽的搶七大戰。數十億人甚至不知道你的存在。這種觀點會讓你覺得的練習和比賽都重要。無論是消遣式的聯盟還是精英旅遊團隊的教練都應該明白，孩子們是想玩體育，並從中獲取快樂！讓你的球員獨立思考。拋給他們一個問題，但不要給出指令或答案。不要總是教他們，要給你的球員自主學習的機會。看着他們成長對你來說也會很有趣！

Communication—Have a team meeting to start the first practice of the season, or as soon as possible thereafter. Limit your postgame analysis to positive things that occurred in the game and deal with what went wrong by establishing a specific goal to work on starting at the next practice. Ask parents to delay or even eliminate the dreaded postgame interview with their child. When you need to correct a player, use the "compliment sandwich" State something positive the player did well, give a very specific correction, then restate the first positive thing.

交流——用一個球隊會議作爲賽季的第一次訓練，或者在第一次訓練之後儘早開一個。儘量少發表你自己對於比賽、問題和改進方案的看法，而是通過建立一個具體的目標，作爲接下來的球隊訓練與比賽中所要達到的目標。要求家長推後甚至不要和他們的孩子對在賽後對比賽進行一些該死的討論。當你需要矯正一個球員，無論是技術還是思想，記得用“讚美三明治”的方法。表揚一些在這方面做的很好的球員，給出一個非常具體的改進方法，最後再將這一點重申一遍。

Continuing Education—All-star coaching requires continuing education. I have been privileged to learn the game of basketball from seven coaches who are in the Basketball Hall of Fame. Each one of them was always striving to learn more. In your efforts to learn, make sure the substance of the material is appropriate for the skill, age and maturity(成熟) level of the players that you coach.

繼續教育——一位全明星教練需要不斷的學習。我很榮幸能從七位名人堂教練學習如何執教。他們中的每一個人都會努力的學習更多知識。在你努力學習的過程中，你要確保你所學習的材料的內容與你所執教的球員的技能、年齡和成熟程度相適應。

Use Resources—There are several organizations that offer assistance to youth coaches. Do an online search for youth coaching information sources. Read books, watch videos and attend coaching clinics in-person whenever possible. One hour online could make you a better coach.

運用資源——現在有幾個專門爲青年隊教練提供援助的機構，你可以嘗試向他們尋求一些幫助。你也可以在網上搜索一些有關如何成爲一名優秀的青年隊教練的信息。看書，看視頻，親自參加教練診所，你要儘可能提升自己的執教能力。即便是一個小時的線上學習都能幫你提升不少。

Practices

訓練

Play to learn, play to practice, and you will win when you play in games. Remember how much fun you had growing up when you used to just go outside and play with your friends? We advocate using the "compete to learn" approach to practice--it lets kids play and have fun while competing. This type of practice, using competitive drills, does a better job of preparing players to compete in real games. Technically, this is called transference. What you do in practice carries over into what you do in games.

在玩中學習，在玩中訓練，於是，當你“玩”比賽的時候，你就能獲得比賽的勝利。還記得你過去經常和朋友出去玩的時候，你有多開心嗎？我們提倡用“競爭學習”的方法來進行球隊訓練——這種方法讓孩子們能夠好好地玩耍，並在彼此的相互競爭中獲得樂趣。這種訓練方式，利用競爭性訓練，能更好讓球員爲真正的比賽做準備。所謂的競爭轉移，說的就是這麼回事。你怎麼在訓練中做，在比賽中你還會這麼做。

Individual Skills—Want to improve your team's ball handling? Games like dribble knockout are very popular. Every player must have his or her own basketball. Coach starts the game. Every player must dribble constantly, stay in-bounds and try to knock the ball away from all other players in the game.

個人技術——想提高球隊的控球技術？像遊戲一樣的運球淘汰賽在球員中很受歡迎。每一個球員都必須獨自持球，當教練宣佈比賽開始之後，每個球員需要不斷運球，保持在界內，並試圖把別人的球抄走。

Lose control of your basketball or go out-of-bounds, and you're eliminated. Boundaries for 10-12 players could start as half the court. After several players are eliminated, the boundary is reduced to only inside the 3-point area. Boundary is reduced again to the free-throw lane. Finally, when there are just two players left, they play the "finals" in the free throw half circle.

如果你的球被抄掉了或者自己出界，那你就被淘汰了。10-12球員最好在半場範圍內進行這種訓練。幾名球員被淘汰後，訓練區域便縮小到只在三分線之內。隨着球員不斷被淘汰，訓練區域就縮小到三秒區內。最後，當只剩下兩名球員時，他們將只能在一般的三秒區內進行“總決賽”。

Team Concepts—Run half your offense by playing 2-on-2 or 3-on-3 restricted to one side of the floor. For example, make even (by size/ability) teams and conduct a 10-minute tournament using an action like the pick and roll. Allow for 20-second timeouts and allow players teach themselves how to make the play work.

團隊概念——在半場範圍內進行2V2或者3V3對抗。例如，根據身材或是技術，將球員分成實力平均的兩隊，進行一場十分鐘的教學賽，用以練習一個特定戰術，比如說擋拆切入。並且，你還可以給他們請求20秒短暫停的機會，這可以給他們自主學習的機會。

Game Strategy

比賽策略

Keep It Simple System (KISS)—Basketball is a simple game. Keep it simple! If you are a regular reader of instructional material, you might think that you need to have lots of practice drills and a complicated or intricate system to win games. No, you don't. Establish one or two alignments and three or four actions, and that's it.

至簡系統——籃球是一項簡單的遊戲。所以一定要保持簡單！如果你經常閱讀戰術教學材料，你可能會認爲你需要進行大量的練習和複雜的戰術來贏得比賽。但實際上，你並不需要。建立一到兩個默契組合和三到四個的戰術，這就夠了。

At the youth level or even in the NBA, most successful coaches try to have their team master a few simple things. 8-10 year olds can do this successfully. Try KISS at your next practice and even in your next game, your team will show instant improvement!

在青年隊層面，甚至在NBA層面上，最成功的教練只需要自己的球隊掌握一些最簡單的戰術。這些戰術，8-10歲的孩子都能做的很好。在你的下一此訓練，甚至在你的下一場比賽中嘗試一下這個至簡系統，你的球隊肯定會有立竿見影的進步！

Simple Transition Offense (Fast break/press break)—Score a lay-up in less than five seconds without dribbling.

簡單的攻防轉換（用以訓練快攻、壓迫性防守）—沒有運球，五秒內結束進攻。

Simple Half-Court Offense (Ball movement/teamwork)—Everyone must catch and make a pass before anyone can shoot!

簡易半場對抗（用以訓練控球和團隊合作）——在出手之前，每個球員都必須拿球並傳球一次。

The Best Offense Ever Designed—Give the ball to Michael Jordan and get out of the way. You can't get much more simple than that! However, that is an actual "play," as it is part of the "complicated" triangle offense. The triangle is a patterned motion offense that has several basic actions such as give and go, pick and roll and give the ball to Michael and get out of the way -- otherwise known as a clearout.

最佳進攻戰術永遠是精心設計的——把球傳給邁克爾喬丹，讓他解決一切。看起來沒有比這更簡單的戰術！然而，這卻是一個明確的戰術執行。喬丹拿球解決戰鬥是公牛隊“複雜”的三角進攻戰術的一部分。三角進攻是一個圖形化的動態進攻，有着明確的環節，比如持球運球跑位，擋拆和傳球給喬丹，然後結束進攻。如果沒有這些必要的環節，那麼這便不能稱之爲明確的進攻戰術。

By the way, that offense has won nine NBA championships and you, even as a youth recreational league coach, can run some of its actions to win games in your league.

順便說一下，這個進攻戰術已經贏得了九次NBA總冠軍，而你，雖然只是一個青年娛樂聯盟教練，也可以通過這種戰術在聯賽中贏得一些勝利。

Make All-Star Memories

留下全明星的記憶

The experience of playing on a youth sports team can affect a child's development as a person. How will you affect your player's communication, cooperation, goal setting and work ethic? How will your players remember this experience 10 years from now? Most won't remember the score.

在青年隊的經驗可以影響一個孩子的成長。那你將如何影響你的球員的溝通能力，合作能力，目標設定和職業道德？10年後你的隊員們會怎麼回憶這次經歷？我猜他們最不會記得的就是比分了。

If your team employs the ritual of getting together after every game for ice cream or pizza, takes a field trip to a college or pro game, or attends a movie together, your players will remember those good times long after they forget the score of the game. Parents sometimes enjoy these social events more than the kids.

如果你的球隊在每場比賽之後都聚在一起吃冰淇淋或披薩，一起去參觀大學或是看一場職業比賽，一起看場電影，那你的球員們很多年後即便會忘記比賽比分，但還會記住那些美好的時光。父母有時會比孩子們更喜歡這些社交活動。

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