中國人赴韓國整容 不惜重金不怕風險

SEOUL, South Korea — Liu Liping and two college friends recently toured Seoul on a monthlong vacation funded in part by their parents. They saw the sights. They went shopping.

韓國首爾——劉麗萍（音）和兩個大學好友最近有一個月的假期，她們來到首爾旅行，部分費用由父母提供。她們遊覽名勝、逛街購物。

One night, the three young Chinese women visited the latest hot spot: a plastic surgery clinic.

一個晚上，這三個年輕的中國女孩來到了最新的熱門場所：整容診所。

Ms. Liu, 24, wanted to have her jaw broken and restructured to get a V-shaped face. Dr. Kim Tae-gyu at Braun Plastic Surgery suggested something less drastic. “But look! I have huge bones, I need to do it,” Ms. Liu protested. They settled on removing several millimeters of bone from her chin and cheekbones. Her friends, Wu Haiyan, 26, and Jin Meilan, 25, considered nose jobs.

24歲的劉麗萍想要削骨，做成V字臉。布勞恩整形醫院(Braun Plastic Surgery)的金泰奎醫生（Kim Tae-gyu，音）建議她做一些不那麼巨大的改動。劉麗萍抗議道，“看看！我的骨頭好大，我需要削骨。”他們商定好把她下巴尖及顴骨上的骨頭去掉幾毫米。她的朋友——26歲的吳海燕（音）和25歲的金美蘭（音）考慮做鼻子。

Cosmetic surgery, pervasive in South Korea, is now the must-do activity for many Chinese visitors.

在韓國非常普遍的整容手術，現在已經成爲很多中國遊客一定要做的事情。

The lights stay on all night in the Gangnam district, where plastic surgery clinics line the streets. Signs in Chinese beckon visitors. Once they are inside, translators stand ready.

江南區整夜燈火通明，街道兩旁有很多整容診所。有很多吸引中國遊客的中文標牌。遊客一進入診所，翻譯們就準備就緒了。

Seizing an opportunity to tap the steady and ubiquitous flow of China’s newly rich who are traveling overseas, South Korea’s government is promoting the country as a place to shop, eat, stay — and perhaps get a nip and a tuck.

韓國政府抓住這個機會，迎接源源不斷的、無處不在的中國出境遊新貴，將韓國打造成一個可以購物、享用美食及停留的地方——或許還可以整整容。

And the Chinese, mainly women, are visiting in droves for body modifications, from the minor, like double eyelid surgery, to the extreme, like facial restructuring. While plastic surgery is common in China, South Korean hospitals are perceived to be safer and more hygienic, albeit pricier.

中國人成羣結隊地來到韓國整形，尤其是女性——內容從割雙眼皮等小手術到面部重塑等大手術都有。雖然整容手術在中國已經非常普遍，但人們認爲韓國醫院更安全、更衛生，儘管價格更高。

“When the Chinese come to the stores, they empty them,” said Kim Soo-jin, a representative at the medical tourism unit of the Korean tourism office. “If we can turn them into medical tourists, they are more likely to stay longer. They will eat one more meal, buy one more thing and go to another site.”

“中國人逛商店時會一掃而空，”韓國旅遊局醫療觀光部代表金秀真（音）說。“如果能將他們轉變成醫療遊客，他們可能會在韓國待更長時間。他們會多吃一頓飯，多買一個東西，多去一個地方。”

The South Korean government is setting aside as much as $4 million a year to help promote the medical tourism industry, which is dominated by plastic surgeons. It expects one million medical tourists a year by 2020, up from 211,218 last year, with Chinese travelers representing the largest segment.

韓國政府每年會留出高達400萬美元（約合2487萬元人民幣）的資金，幫助推動醫療旅遊業的發展，整形外科醫生在該行業佔據主導地位。據韓國政府的估計，到2020年，每年赴韓旅遊的醫療遊客會從去年的211218名增至100萬名，中國遊客佔的比例最大。

Tour operators sell travel deals that include shopping, sightseeing and plastic surgery. Premier packages include a stretch limo for the ride from the hotel to the clinic. Licensed brokers take a cut of the total surgery costs, up to 35 percent.

旅行社推出包括購物、觀光及整容在內的旅遊項目。最重要的服務包括乘坐加長版豪車從酒店前往診所。有執照的經紀人可以從中提成，最多達到手術費用的35%。

While prices for tourists vary widely, a basic double eyelid surgery can cost more than $900. A plastic surgery trip, with hotel and other activities, can run around $15,000. In general, it is more expensive than in China.

遊客支付的費用各不相同，基本的雙眼皮手術需要逾900美元。整容之行的費用大約爲1.5萬美元，其中包括酒店及其他活動的費用，通常比中國貴。

“I’ve seen them coming in with bags of money,” said Dr. Ro Young-woo, a founding partner of a South Korean franchise chain of clinics called Oracle Clinic.

韓國整容診所連鎖機構奧拉克診所(Oracle Clinic)的創始合夥人盧永宇（Ro Young-woo，音）說，“我看到他們拿着成袋的現金來診所。”

Popular culture has had an influence. Korean television shows and movies are wildly successful in China. Patients often take magazine photos to their consultations.

流行文化發揮了影響力。韓國的電視節目和電影在中國廣受歡迎。病患經常拿着雜誌照片進行諮詢。

“We see more assertiveness in Chinese patients than Korean patients,” Dr. Kim Eung-sam, a plastic surgeon and director at the Hershe clinic in Seoul. “They want to look like certain Korean celebrities.”

“我們發現中國顧客比韓國顧客更堅定，”首爾赫爾希(Hershe)診所的整形醫生、主任金恩森（Kim Eung-sam，音）說。“他們希望看起來像某些韓國明星。”

During their trip, Ms. Liu, Ms. Wu and Ms. Jin planned to see the sights featured in their favorite Korean TV show, “My Love From the Star.” They bought clothes like those worn by the show’s female star, Jeon Ji-hyun. Ms. Jin asked for the same nose as another famous Korean actress, Han Ga-in.

在旅行過程中，劉麗萍、吳海燕和金美蘭計劃遊覽她們最喜歡的電視劇《來自星星的你》中出現過的景觀。她們購買了與劇中女主角全智賢(Jeon Ji-hyun)所穿服裝類似的衣服。金美蘭還要求做另一位韓國著名女星韓佳人(Han Ga-in)式的鼻子。

South Korea is building on a tradition of cosmetic surgery. A recent study by the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery estimated that South Korea had the highest rate of cosmetic surgery per capita of any country in the world. Seoul TouchUp, a government-approved medical tourism agency, states in its marketing materials that “Korean women are arguably more objectified by their male counterparts than any other women in the world.”

韓國依靠的是整容傳統。國際美容整形外科學會(International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery)最近的一份研究顯示，韓國是全球人均整容手術率最高的國家。有政府認可資質的醫療旅遊機構塔琪雅(Seoul TouchUp)在推廣材料中寫道，“韓國女人被當地男人物化的程度，無疑要比世界上任何其他地方的女人都要高。”

“In terms of advertising it’s very much exaggerated,” says Dr. Cha Sang-myun, the chairman of the Korean Association of Plastic Surgeons, which is calling for tighter industry regulations. “You see it everywhere: on the subways, on the buses and even in the movie theaters.”

“廣告方面是非常誇張的，”韓國整形外科醫生協會(Korean Association of Plastic Surgeons)主席車尚勉(Cha Sang-myun)說。“到處都能看到：地鐵、公車，甚至電影院。”

It has also become an attainable commodity for Chinese, particularly for young women who see plastic surgery as a way to enhance their personal or professional prospects.

對於中國人，特別是那些認爲整形手術是提升個人發展及職業前景的一種途徑的年輕女性，這已經成爲一種可以負擔的商品。

“I did it now because I thought it would be harder to do later on,” said Wang Yue, a soft-spoken woman from Beijing who spoke days after a double eyelid procedure, a nose implant and facial contouring.

“我選擇現在做，因爲我覺得以後做會更難，”來自北京的王月（音）說。這位聲音柔和的女性在接受採訪前幾天做了雙眼皮、隆鼻和麪部輪廓重塑手術。

Ms. Wang, 24, said most of her friends had some form of plastic surgery “because we want to be more beautiful.” She rattled off the benefits, like the chances of making more money.

今年24歲的王月表示，她的大多數朋友都做過某種形式整形手術，“因爲我們希望變得更漂亮。”她不假思索地說出了整形的好處，比如可能會賺更多錢。

Besides, she added, “I think I’ll look better in different clothes.”

除此之外，她還表示，“我覺得我穿不同的衣服看起來也會更漂亮。”

Some Korean doctors are voicing concern. The flood of demand has spawned a cluster of unlicensed hospitals, brokers and unqualified doctors, according to Dr. Cha of the plastic surgeon association. “If there are 10 plastic surgeons out there, there are another 100 who are not qualified,” he said.

一些韓國醫生表達了擔憂。整形醫生協會主席車尚勉透露，需求的增加催生了大量沒有許可證的醫院、經紀人，以及不具備資質的醫生。他說，“如果說有10名整形外科醫生，那就還有另外100名沒有資質的醫生。”

And the procedures that many Chinese tourists seek come with the highest rate of complications. Some undergo several procedures at once. Dr. Kim at Braun described how one recent patient booked a series of surgeries — double jaw, facial contour, nose job, double eyelid, liposuction and a fat graft.

很多中國遊客想做的手術，出現併發症的概率也是最高的。布勞恩整形醫院的金泰奎醫生表示，最近的一名病患預定了一系列手術——上下頜、面部重塑、鼻部整形、雙眼皮、抽脂和脂肪移植。

One of the most popular procedures is facial contouring, which involves altering the shape of the face by shaving and removing bone from the cheeks, jaw and chin. Double jaw surgery is a more radical and popular version that requires realigning the top and bottom jaws.

面部重塑是最受歡迎的手術之一，這種手術通過削薄或摘除臉頰、頜部和下巴的骨頭來改變臉型。上下頜矯正術是其中更激進、也更流行的一種，需要調整上頜和下頜的位置。

Chinese patients undergo these painful surgeries to alter their faces into a V-shape, giving them highly coveted delicate features. They are also popular among Korean men and women.

中國顧客會通過這些痛苦的手術把自己的臉變成V形，從而獲得夢寐以求的精緻輪廓。這些手術也很受韓國男女的歡迎。

“I think they have gone totally overboard,” said Dr. Walter Peters, a professor of surgery at the University of Toronto. Radical jaw surgery in the United States and Canada, he added, “could sometimes be done for cosmetic reasons but it is usually done for developmental or post-traumatic reasons.”

“我認爲他們完全着了迷，”多倫多大學(University of Toronto)外科手術教授沃爾特·彼得斯(Walter Peters)說。他還說，在美國和加拿大，大幅矯正下巴的手術“有時的確是爲了美容，但通常是因爲發育不良或者受過創傷”。

Ms. Jin had already had her nose done once in China. “The more I do it, the more I become interested in it,” she said.

金美蘭已經在中國做過一次鼻部整形。她說，“我做得越多，對它就越感興趣。”

“Many friends around me have gone under the knife,” she added. “Since my friends have become more beautiful, I think I should become more beautiful.”

“我身邊的很多朋友都動過刀，”她還表示。“既然我的朋友都變得更漂亮了，我覺得我也應該變得更漂亮。”