論文難過 看科研"學霸"是如何煉成的

Getting papers published in authoritative journals or writing a guide on doing scientific research — Zhang Bolin has accomplished tasks that other students seldom take on in college.

在專業期刊上發表論文，撰寫科學研究指南，這些鮮有大學生能夠完成的任務，張博林都做到了。

But the 24-year-old graduate student at the College of Precision Instruments, Tientsin University, believes that, rather than being a star student, he’s grasped the right way to do things.

這位24歲的小夥兒來自天津大學精密儀器與光電子工程學院。在他看來，自己並不是什麼學霸，只是掌握了正確的方法。

Rough start

艱難伊始

When Zhang first entered university, he was still wet behind the ears. “I had the ambition and passion to make a difference, but I didn’t know how,” he says.

初進大學的張博林也是懵懵懂懂，他說那時的自己“雖然野心勃勃、熱情滿滿想要有所作爲，但是卻不知道從何下手。”

He struggled in vain to find his way by being class leader and participating in various science and technology competitions. For Months in his sophomore year, he felt stressed and frustrated because his college life met none of his expectations.

他爲了競選班長想盡辦法，還參加了各種各樣的科技比賽。到了大二，他卻開始覺得處處受挫、筋疲力盡，因爲他發現自己的大學生活早已不是曾經期待的樣子。

“I was losing sleep,” he says. “Every night I would stare at the ceiling, thinking about a solution.”

他說，“那時，我一直在失眠。每天晚上盯着天花板，尋找出路。”

It wasn’t until he heard the story of the smart vehicle team at Shandong University that Zhang realized what he was doing wrong.

直到有一天，張博林聽說了山東大學智能汽車小組的故事，他突然意識到之前的錯誤所在。

Breakthrough lesson

破繭之思

Shandong University has one of the best smart vehicle teams among Chinese colleges. The team’s secret is passing on their winning work from generation to generation. “That allows new team members to innovate upon the already mature technology,” Zhang says.

山東大學擁有國內大學裏最優秀的智能汽車小組，而他們成功的祕訣就在於優秀成果的傳承。張博林解釋道，“正是這種精神，他們新的組員才能在成熟的技術上有所創新。”

He therefore told himself that innovation is not about creating new things, but making small adjustments to improve things that already exist.

因此，他覺得創新並不一定要發明創造新事物，也可以是對現有產品進行微小的改造升級。

It is the same with writing papers. “We can’t write something from nothing,” he says. “Instead, we should propose a better theory or practice based on existing achievements.”

他說，“如同寫論文，我們不能憑空編造，而需要在當前成果的基礎上提出更好的理論研究和實踐方法。”

According to Zhang, his routine for writing a paper is finding a topic, doing lots of background research, and developing a challenging point. “Existing papers are published for a reason,” he says. “Learning from them can ensure I’m on the right track.”

張博林寫論文的固定流程首先是尋找選題，通過諸多背景調查找到一個可以展開的方向。他認爲，“凡存在皆合理，通過瀏覽已有的論文可以讓我把握正確的方向。”

Simple approach

迴歸簡單

Having struggled himself, Zhang understands how students feel about scientific research. “They think of it as a complicated mystery,” he says. But Zhang believes it is students who make it so complicated. “Put simply, doing research is like using the television – there’s no need to figure out how it works, we only need to know how to use it,” he says.

有過切身經歷的張博林也十分理解同學們對於科學研究的看法，他說“他們總是把科研看作是複雜而神祕的存在。其實，讓科研變得複雜的人正是同學們自己。簡言之，做研究就像看電視，我們沒必要知道他們的工作原理，我們只要會用就可以了。”

In the first chapter of his guide to scientific research, Zhang introduces Singlechip, a seemingly simple device that can be programmed to process certain functions. “Similar to watching television, there’s no need for students to grasp how Singlechip works. More important is understanding how to write the program so it processes the desired functions,” says Zhang.

在《科研指南》的第一章，張博林介紹了單片機，這是一種可以通過編程執行特定功能的簡單系統。他說，“就像看電視一樣，同學們沒有必要掌握單片機的工作原理，學會如何編程使其執行你需要的功能纔是最重要的。”

With such programming skills, students can do scientific research and even participate in science and technology competitions.

而只要掌握了編程技巧，同學們就能開展科學研究，甚至參加科技競賽。