飛機上永遠別做這些事

You already know what not to do on a plane if you don't want to be a giant jerk. (Exhibit A: Man watching iPad movie without headphones. Exhibit B: Woman eating pungent tuna wrap.) But best practices can be less obvious for considerate humans who just want to make it from point A to point B safely. If you're one of these people, avoid these behaviors the next time you fly:

如果不想成爲混蛋，那你肯定已經知道不要在飛機上做哪些事了。（比如：一位男士用iPad看電影時不戴耳機。或一位女士吃着刺鼻的包裝好的金槍魚。）對於只想安全地從一個地點到達另一個地點的周到人士而言，最佳的做法可能不那麼明顯。如果你也體貼周到，那下次起飛的時候請避免這些行爲。

1. Sleeping through takeoff or landing.

1. 起飛或着陸時睡覺。

When the plane ascends or descends, the air pressure around you changes faster than the air inside your ears. If you've ever flown before, you know this can be super uncomfortable - but only temporarily. To equalize the pressure, all you need to do is chew gum; inhale, then exhale gently as you hold your mouth; suck on candy; or yawn, according to MedlinePlus. In other words, you're better off awake. Accidentally sleep through the pressure change, and this condition will only get more uncomfortable, potentially instigating dizziness, ear infection, slight hearing loss, eardrum damage, or nosebleeds and severe hearing loss in the worst of cases.

飛機起飛或降落時，你周遭的氣壓要比耳內的空氣變化快。如果之前坐過飛機，你就會知道這很不舒服--但只是暫時的。醫療在線（MedlinePlus）網站上寫到，想要平衡氣壓，嚼口香糖就可以了；輕輕地吸氣、吐氣，屏住嘴巴；吃糖；或者打呵欠。換句話說，還是醒着爲好。壓力變化過程中不小心熟睡只會讓你更不舒服，可能會引起眩暈、耳朵感染、輕度聽力損失、耳膜損壞或流鼻血，較爲嚴重的情況下會導致嚴重的聽力損失。

2. Sitting from takeoff to landing.

2. 從起飛到降落一直都坐着。

Low air pressure in the cabin can slow your circulation and set you up for blood clots, particularly in the legs. Sitting around doesn't help - especially if you're on birth control pills, because some can increase your risk of developing dangerous clots (even without air travel) reduce your risk of developing clots, which could pose major health issues if they travel to your lungs, brain, or heart, the CDC suggests getting up and moving around as often as possible.

艙內的低氣壓會減緩你的循環，導致血塊的形成，尤其是腿部。一直坐着無濟於事--尤其是當你還在服用避孕藥時，因爲有時候會增加你形成危險血塊的風險（即使不坐飛機也會）。爲降低你形成血塊的風險（如果血塊通過你的肺、大腦或心臟，則會造成嚴重的健康問題），疾病預防控制中心建議儘可能多的站起來走動走動。

3. Ordering tea or coffee.

3. 點茶或咖啡。

Never mind the fact that in-flight coffee is an insult to the beverage. Coffees and teas are made from plane tap water that could contain coliform, bacteria found in 12 percent of commercial airplanes, according to a 2012 Environmental Protection Agency report. As long as your immune system is up to snuff, the stuff won't necessarily make you sick. But because coliform comes from feces, where harmful bacteria also lurk, water that contains it is more likely to harbor scarier stuff like E. coli, which can really mess with your system. So don't risk it: Opt for bottled water, instead - and hold the ice if it's made with plane tap water. (Just ask an attendant.)

暫且不說飛機上的咖啡是對飲料的侮辱。2012年環境保護局的一項報告顯示，衝咖啡和茶的水取自飛機上的自來水，這裏面可能含有大腸菌，而12%的商務客機都含有這種細菌。只要你的免疫系統正常，那大腸菌不一定能讓你生病。但由於大腸菌來自於糞便，有害的細菌也在糞便中潛伏着，因此含有大腸菌的水也更有可能含有像大腸桿菌這類可怕的細菌，這真的會破壞人體系統。所以千萬別冒險：你可以喝瓶裝水--如果冰塊是用飛機上的自來水製成，最好也別加冰塊了。（只要問空姐就知道是不是了。）