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雅思考試議論文寫作十二法則

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專家做了一下總結,絕大多數雅思大作文話題都可以通過以下幾個方面進行擴展(簡稱論據擴展十二大法則),現列舉如下:經濟(economy)、就業(employment)、時間(time)、空間(space)、心理(psychology)、生理(physiology)、環境(environment)、教育(education)、文化(culture)、科技(technology)、情感(emotion)和個人權利(human right)。

雅思考試議論文寫作十二法則

在此,將通過列舉一些例題來印證這十二大法則的實戰性。

Example 1

Some people think tobacco should be made illegal in the same way as other drugs because the products containing it are addictive. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

通過審題,此題問是否同意菸草行業被取締。同意則要列舉菸草的一系列缺點,反之不同意,可列舉其優點。我們馬上來看看十二大法則,當然不是每一項都應用,但是大多數都可以適用。

Advantages

經濟:revenue-rising for the country and businessmen concerning this arena,

就業:offer the opportunities of employment in various fronts, including manufacturing, transporting, selling, governing, for residents

時間:killing the time

心理:relieve one’s pressure

文化:forming / shaping cigar culture

Disadvantages

經濟:money-consuming for smokers

生理:be addictive to it, harmful to smokers’ health, leading to lung cancer

環境:air pollution, potential hazard of fire

空間:passive smoking / second-hand smoking

情感:be overly-dependent on smoking

用了上述辦法,擴展出來的論據就能更加全面,有條理。

Example 2

Many people are optimistic about the 21st century and see it as an opportunity to make positive changes to the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their optimism?

通過審題,此題無非就是我們21世紀是利大於弊還是弊大於利,所以只要列舉21世紀發展的優缺點就可以了。我將通過之前介紹的十二大法則來進行素材的擴展。

Advantages

經濟:economy be promoted, efficiency be increased

科技:advanced technology facilitates people’s life

時間:time-saving when conducting various kinds of activities

個人權利:human rights be laid more emphasis on

心理:increasing number of recreational activities to help people relieve from pressure

Disadvantages

就業:growing population,

fierce competition

心理:pressure coming from a range of aspects

環境:environmental pollution continuing getting worse

以上兩個題目都運用了十二大原則,可見其具有很強的適用性,能夠幫助考生在短時間內擴展話題的素材,且較全面。在長期的使用中,專家發現,在這十二大原則中,有些原則基本可以在幾個相近話題的題目中運用,因此我們可以給它們起個名字“萬能原則”,如經濟和就業原則,則可以應用在只要是牽涉到“工業”的話題,如smoking,tourism,mobile phones,computers,writing letters(post office)等等。老師和學生們都可以在平時的使用中做一個總結,使十二大法則能信手拈來。但是,要提醒大家的是,僅僅記住這些原則是沒用的,考生在考前一定要進行大量的練習,而老師也要在課堂上選取典型的例題進行講解,這樣對考生加快Brainstorming的速度和提高Brainstorming的能力纔有幫助。