如何正確使用口罩

口罩一般指戴在口鼻部位用於過濾進出口鼻的空氣，以達到阻擋有害的氣體、氣味、飛沫進出佩戴者口鼻的用具，多以布或紙等製成。接下來小編爲大家整理了如何正確使用口罩，希望對你有幫助哦!

　　GenerAl advice 一般性建議

It is important to remember that in the community setting the following general measures may be more important than wearing a mask in preventing the spread of influenza.

應當注意，在社區環境中，就預防流感傳播而言，下列一般性措施可能比戴口罩更重要。

　　For individuals who are well 對身體狀況良好者

Maintain distance of at least 1 metre from any individual with influenza-like symptoms, and:

與有流感樣症狀者保持至少一米距離;

· refrain from touching mouth and nose;

　　· 避免觸摸嘴和鼻子;

· perform hand hygiene frequently, by washing with soap and water or using an alcoholbased handrub 3 , especially if touching the mouth and nose and surfaces that are potentially contaminated;

· 使用香皂和水或酒精潔手液[3]，經常保持手部衛生，尤其是在觸摸嘴和鼻子以及可能感染的表面之後;

· reduce as much as possible the time spent in close contact with people who might be ill;

· 儘可能減少與可能染病者的密切接觸時間;

· reduce as much as possible the time spent in crowded settings;

· 儘可能減少在公共場合逗留的時間;

· improve airflow in your living space by opening windows as much as possible.

· 儘可能頻繁開窗，增進居住空間的空氣流動。

For individuals with influenza-like symptoms 對有流感樣症狀者

· stay at home if you feel unwell and follow the local public health recommendations;

· 如果感覺不適應留在家中，並遵從當地醫囑;

· keep distance from well individuals as much as possible (at least 1 metre);

· 儘可能與未患病者保持距離(至少一米);

· cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, with tissues or other suitable materials, to contain respiratory secretions. Dispose of the material immediately after use or wash it. Clean hands immediately after contact with respiratory secretions;

· 在咳嗽或打噴嚏時，用紙巾或其他合適材料掩住口部和鼻子，控制呼吸道分泌液。此類材料在使用後立即處置或清洗。在接觸呼吸道分泌液後立即洗手;

· improve airflow in your living space by opening windows as much as possible.

· 儘可能頻繁開窗，增進居住空間的空氣流動。

· If masks are worn, proper use and disposal is essential to ensure they are potentially effective and to avoid any increase in risk of transmission associated with the incorrect use of masks.

· 如果戴口罩，必須正確使用和處置，以確保其效力，避免因不正確使用口罩增加傳播風險。

The following information on correct use of masks derives from the practices in health-care settings:

· place mask carefully to cover mouth and nose and tie securely to minimise any gaps between the face and the mask

· 用口罩仔細遮蓋嘴和鼻子並繫牢，儘可能減少面部與口罩之間的空隙;

· while in use, avoid touching the mask

· 在使用時，避免觸摸口罩

· whenever you touch a used mask, for example when removing or washing, clean hands by washing with soap and water or using an alcohol-based handrub

· 在觸摸用過的口罩後，例如爲取下或清洗口罩，用肥皂和水或使用酒精潔手液洗手;

· replace masks with a new clean, dry mask as soon as they become damp/humid

· 在口罩受潮或沾染溼氣後，換上新的清潔和乾燥的口罩;

· do not re-use single-use masks

· 不要重複使用一次性口罩

· discard single-use masks after each use and dispose of them immediately upon removing.

· 一次性口罩在每次使用後應丟棄並在除下後立即處置。

Although some alternative barriers to standard medical masks are frequently used (e.g. cloth mask, scarf, paper masks, rags tied over the nose and mouth), there is insufficient information available on their effectiveness.

雖然還有其他一些遮蔽物，替代標準的醫用口罩(例如棉布面罩、頭巾、面膜紙、遮擋鼻子和嘴的布條)，但缺乏關於此類材料的效力的信息。

If such alternative barriers are used, they should only be used once or, in the case of cloth masks, should be cleaned thoroughly between each use (i.e. wash with normal household detergent at normal temperature). They should be removed immediately after caring for the ill. Hands should be washed immediately after removal of the mask.

如果使用此類替代遮蔽物，則只應一次性使用，或如果是棉布面罩，應在每次使用後徹底清洗(即在常溫下用家庭洗滌劑清洗)。在護理病人後應立即除下。摘除口罩後應立即洗手。