並列句英語

由並列連詞連接、含有兩個或更多主謂結構的句子叫並列句。並列句的基本句型：簡單句 + 並列連詞 + 簡單句並列連詞有表示轉折對比關係，因果等。

1. 並列句：由兩個或兩個以上的簡單句並列連接起來的句子叫並列句。

2. 並列句的基本句型：簡單句 + 並列連詞 + 簡單句

3. 並列句的類型：

1) 並列關係（聯合關係）。連接詞：and, not only…but (also), neither…nor等
例句：I help him and he helps me.
我幫助他，他也幫助我。
Not only did we write to her but also we telegraphed her.
我們不僅給她寫信而且還給她發了電報。
Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice.
我不想與他商量，他也不會徵求我的意見。

2) 轉折關係。連接詞：but, yet, still, while, however, when等
例句：He failed many times, but he didn’t despair.
他失敗多次但並沒有氣餒。
She has difficulty in learning English, however, she works hard and is making rapid progress.
她學習英語有困難，然後她學習努力，進步很快。

3) 選擇關係。連接詞：or, otherwise or else, either…or
例句：We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train.
我們必須快點，否則會趕不上火車。
Either you come to my place or I go to yours.
或者你到我這兒來，或者我到你那去。

4) 因果關係。連接詞：for, so, thus, therefore, and so
例句：We had better stay at home, for it was raining.
我們最好呆在家裏，因爲天正在下雨。
He didn’t work hard, therefore he failed in the examination.
他學習不努力，因此這次考試不及格。

有時也可不用連詞，而用逗號，分號或冒號。如：
Hurry up, it’s getting dark.
快點，天要黑了。
Let’s start early, we have a long way to go.
我們要早動身，因爲路很遠。

注意：

(1) yet和still是連接副詞，也叫半連接詞。它們是副詞。又起連接作用，但不如and, but, or等強，用了yet或still，前面還可加and或but。
He is tired, (but) still he will make another experiment. 他很累，但他仍然要做另一個實驗。
I got up very early, (and) yet I failed to catch the first bus. 我起得很早，然而還是沒有趕上頭班車。

(2) while意義相當於at the same time表示相反和對照，常用來連接兩個意義對立的分句。
I like football, while my sister likes basketball. 我喜歡足球，而我姐姐喜歡籃球。
when = and then, just then或at that time, during the time.
We were ready to rush away, when the snake moved. 我們正準備離開，這時蛇移動了。
while和when作爲並列連詞使用時常是放在第二個分句前邊，並有逗號和第一分句隔開。

(3) for表示附加或推斷的理由、原因。therefore比so更正式，and so比較口語化。

專項訓練：

are reading magazines,______ others are playing cards.
A．or B．for C．so D．while

must get up early tomorrow.______ we’ll miss the first bus to the Great Wall.
A．so B．or C．but D．however

3.——I don’t like chicken ______ fish.
——I don’t like chicken,______ I like fish very much.
A．and, and B．and, but C．or, and D．or, but

want ______ high speed ______ good quality.
A．both, and B．either, or C．neither, nor D．not, but also

spring it is ______ hot ______ cold here.
A．both, and B．either, or C．neither, nor D．not only, but

6.______ does he writes well, ______ he also speaks well.
A．Not only, but B．Not, but C．Either, or D．Both, and

your head, ______ you’ll work it out.
A．so B．or C．and D．for

8.I want to buy the jacket, ______ I have not enough money with me.
A．but B．so C．or D．for

9.______ you ______ I am going to help Tom.
A. Either, or B. Not, but C．Not only, and D．Each, and

soldier was wounded, ______ he pushed on.
A．for B．and C．so D．yet

（後設答案，大家不要偷看哦~(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……）

KEYS:

1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.D

擴展：

一、表示轉折對比關係的並列連詞

1. but 但是，可是，而，卻

連接兩個簡單句，有時句中某些詞可以省略；連接兩個並列成分，可以放在一個句子的句首，後面不接逗號。

例：I hope you don't mind me asking, but where did you buy those shoes?

2. yet 但是；儘管如此

可連接兩個句子，用逗號分開，也可在yet前加and，還可以放在一個句子的句首。

例：The car is old, yet it is in good condition. 這輛車舊了，但車況很好。

3. while 而，但是，可是，卻

while作連詞用時，可表示對比或轉折關係。

例：I do every single bit of housework while my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.

二、表示因果關係的並列連詞

1. for 因爲

由並列連詞for引導的分句常置於句子後部,而且常用逗號與前面的分句隔開。for分句主要是對前一分句補充說明理由或推斷原因。for分句不能用來回答why問句。

例：I did my best not to show pleasure, but what I was feeling was pure happiness, for my words had the power to make people laugh.

2. so 因此

可以連接兩個句子，中間有時用逗號隔開；也可在so前加and；還可以放在一個句子的句首。

例：The shop doesn't open until 11 a.m., so it loses a lot of business.

三、表示選擇關係的連詞or

or連接並列成分時，意爲“或者，還是”；用於否定句中，意爲“也不”，這時不宜用and；還有“否則，要不然”之意，相當於otherwise。

例：Would you like a cup of coffee or shall we get down to business right away?

四、表示並列關係的並列連詞

1. and 和，同，與，又，並且

例：Stand over there and you'll be able to see it better.

2. not only... but also... 不僅……而且

例：Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.

3. neither... nor... 既不……也不

例：They worked neither for fame nor for personal gains. 他們工作一不爲名，二不爲利。

4. both... and... 既……又

例：A man should have both courage and wisdom. 人既要有勇氣又要有智慧。

五、其他並列連詞

1. not... but... 不是……而是

It was not the bones of an animal but of a human being. 這不是一隻動物的骨頭，而是人的骨頭。

2. rather than 而不是；與其……寧願

Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle.

3. when 正當那時，相當於and at that time

Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park when she was bitten on the leg by a lion.