張平大使：南海爭議應由有關直接當事國通過談判協商解決

2016年6月18日，斐濟主流媒體《斐濟太陽報》刊登駐斐濟大使張平題爲《南海爭議應由有關直接當事國通過談判協商解決》的署名文章。全文如下：
On 18 June 2016, the Fiji Sun published a signed article by Ambassador Zhang Ping entitled “South China Sea Disputes Should Be Solved by Parties Directly Concerned Through Negotiation and Consultation”. The full text is as follows:

南海爭議應由有關直接當事國通過談判協商解決
South China Sea Disputes Should Be Solved by Parties Directly Concerned Through Negotiation and Consultation

南海問題是當今國際媒體普遍關注的一個熱點問題。當前，南海問題涉及兩個層面的問題。第一個層面的問題是南海一些沿岸國家上世紀70年代起非法侵佔中國南沙羣島部分島礁而產生的領土爭議和1982年《國際海洋法公約》生效後產生的南海部分海域的海洋權益主張重疊爭議，這是南海問題的核心；另一個層面的問題涉及近年來一些域外國家對南海的政治和軍事介入，這些行動加劇了南海局勢的緊張。而菲律賓單方面提出並執意推進南海仲裁案，則使本已複雜敏感的南海問題變得更加複雜化。
The South China Sea issue is a hot topic nowadays in the international media. The current South China Sea issue involves two tiers of issues. The first tier of issues are the territorial disputes over the Nansha Islands caused by some coastal countries’ illegal occupation of some maritime features of China’s Nansha Island since 1970s, and the disputes concerning overlapping claims of maritime rights and interests over some maritime areas in South China Sea resulted from the establishment and development of United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). This is the crux of the South China Sea issue. The second tier of issues relate to the political and military intervention in the South China Sea by some outside countries which heightened tension in the region. The Philippines’ unilateral initiation and obstinate forcing ahead of the South China Sea arbitration further complicates this already complex and difficult situation.

南海諸島自古以來就是中國領土。中國最早發現、命名、開發經營南海諸島，也最早並持續對南海諸島行使主權管轄，對南海諸島及其附近海域擁有無可爭辯的主權。中國在南海的主權和相關權利是在長期的歷史過程中形成的，爲歷代中國政府所堅持。
The islands in the South China Sea have been Chinese territory since ancient times. China was the first country to discover, name, explore and exploit the resources of the South China Sea Islands and the first to continuously exercise sovereign powers over them. China enjoys indisputable sovereignty over South China Sea Islands and the adjacent waters. China’s sovereignty and relevant claims of rights in the South China Sea have been gradually formed in the long historical course and upheld by successive Chinese governments.

中國政府一貫堅持與有關當事國在尊重歷史事實的基礎上，根據國際法，通過談判協商和平解決領土主權爭議。
China has all along stood for peaceful settlement of territorial and maritime delimitation disputes through negotiation and consultation with States directly concerned on the basis of respecting historical facts and in accordance with international law.

中國與菲律賓曾就通過協商解決南海有關爭議達成共識，並多次加以確認。然而，在從未與中方就相關爭議進行談判，未徵得中方同意的情況下，菲律賓於2013年1月單方面就中菲在南海有關爭議提起仲裁。
China and the Philippines have agreed to settle their disputes in the South China Sea through negotiation and reaffirmed this agreement on many occasions. However, in January 2013, without having any negotiation concerning relevant disputes with China, or having the consent of China, the Philippines unilaterally initiated compulsory arbitration proceeding over its dispute with China in the South China Sea.

菲律賓的行徑不僅違背了與中方達成的有關通過雙方談判解決南海有關爭議的共識及其在2002年簽訂的《南海各方行動宣言》中所作的承諾，而且侵犯了《公約》締約國享有的自主選擇爭端解決方式的權利。
This act by the Philippines not only violated the agreement reached by China and the Philippines on the South China Sea disputes settlement and the commitment it has made in 2002 under the Declaration on the Conduct of Parities in the South China Sea (DOC), but also violated the right of a state Party to UNCLOS to choose the means of dispute settlement of its own will.

領土主權問題不是《公約》的調整範圍，而且中國政府已經根據《公約》第298條作出了排除性聲明，在涉及海洋劃界等問題上不接受第三方強制爭端解決程序。全球30多個國家做了類似聲明，包括4個聯合國常任理事國。
Territorial sovereignty issues are not subject to UNCLOS. Furthermore, China has already made, pursuant to Article 298 of the UNCLOS, an optional exceptions declaration, excluding disputes concerning, among other, maritime delimitation from the UNCLOS third party dispute settlement procedures. More than 30 countries in the world have filed the similar declarations including 4 permanent United Nations Security Council members.

菲律賓將中菲圍繞南沙羣島部分島礁的領土爭議和南海海洋劃界爭議歪曲爲《公約》解釋和適用的爭議，企圖規避中方有關排除性聲明，濫用《公約》的強制爭端解決程序，其最終目的是否認其侵佔或主張中國南沙羣島部分島礁的事實，否定中國對南沙羣島的領土主權和海洋權益。中國政府明確聲明，不接受、不參與仲裁，也不會接受和承認任何裁決結果，更不會執行裁決。
The Philippines distorted its territorial and maritime disputes with China over some the Nansha islands and reefs as matters concerning the interpretation and application of UNCLOS, deliberately circumvent the declaration on optional exceptions made by China under UNCLOS and abused the compulsory procedures for dispute settlement. It in essence is to deny the fact of its illegal seizure of or claim on several maritime features of the Nansha Islands and negate China’s territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea. The Chinese government has explicitly stated that it does not accept or participate in the arbitration on South China Sea disputes, nor will it accept or recognize the ruling of the arbitration, let alone enforce it.

世界上涉及領土和海洋權益的爭端並不少見，也不乏通過談判解決爭議的成功案例。自20世紀60年代以來，中國已通過談判協商與14個陸地鄰國中的12個國家妥善解決了邊界問題，劃界的邊界線達到20000公里，佔中國陸地邊界的90%。中國與越南通過談判協商劃定了兩國在北部灣的海上界線。這充分證明談判協商在妥善解決領土爭議問題上的有效性。中國有關通過談判協商和平解決南海爭議的主張已得到了將近60個國家的理解和支持。
Disputes over territorial and maritime rights and interests are not uncommon in the world. There is no lack of successful examples of resolving the disputes through bilateral consultation and negotiation. Since 1960s, China has resolved boundary issues with 12 of its 14 neighbors on land through negotiations and demarcated around 20,000 kilometers, or 90% of its boundary. China and Vietnam also did maritime delimitation in the Beibu Gulf through negotiations. Such achievements have proven the effectiveness of negotiation and consultation in proper resolution of boundary disputes. China’s proposition on peaceful settlement of the South China Sea issue through negotiation and consultation has received understanding and support of nearly 60 countries in the world.

中國主張按“雙軌思路”來處理南海問題，即有關爭議由直接當事國在尊重歷史事實的基礎上，根據國際法，通過談判和協商解決；南海的和平穩定由中國和東盟國家共同維護。這是當前妥善處理南海問題最現實有效的途徑。
China advocates “dual track” approach to handle the South China Sea issue, i.e. relevant disputes should be resolved peacefully through negotiation and consultation between parties directly concerned on the basis of respecting historical facts and international law, and China and ASEAN member states work together to maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea. This is the most realistic and effective way to properly handle the South China Sea issue.

長期以來，南海航行自由不存在問題，並未因南沙爭議受到任何影響，將來也不會出現問題。保障南海航行自由與安全對中國同樣重要。域外勢力的插手無益於南海問題的和平解決，更無益於南海地區的和平和穩定。對此，中國堅決反對。
For a long time, freedom of navigation in the South China Sea has never been a problem or affected by disputes over the Nansha Islands, nor will it ever be a problem in the future. To ensure freedom and safety of navigation in the South China Sea is also important for China. Outside intervention is neither helpful to the peaceful settlement of the South China Sea disputes, nor conducive to the peace and stability of the South China Sea. China is firmly opposed to it.

中國政府堅定維護領土主權和海洋權益，主張通過談判協商和平解決爭議，通過制定規則和建立機制來管控爭議，通過開發與合作來實現互利共贏。中方將繼續堅定維護各國依國際法享有的南海航行和飛越自由及南海和平與穩定。
The Chinese government is committed to upholding territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests and adheres to the position of settling the disputes through bilateral negotiation and consultation, managing differences through relevant rules and mechanisms and achieving win-win outcomes through mutually beneficial cooperation. China will continue to remain committed to the freedom of navigation and overflight in the South China Sea enjoyed by all countries in accordance with international law and to safeguard peace and stability in the South China Sea.

中國和菲律賓是隔海相望的近鄰，兩國人民傳統友誼深厚。中菲雙邊談判的大門始終是敞開的。菲律賓應立刻停止推進仲裁程序的錯誤舉動，回到通過雙邊談判解決中菲在南海的有關爭議的正確道路上來。
China and the Philippines are neighbors facing each other across the sea. The two peoples share a deep bond of traditional friendship. The door of China-Philippines bilateral negotiation remains open. It is the time for the Philippines to cease the arbitral proceedings and return to right path of settling the relevant disputes in the South China Sea through bilateral negotiation with China.