每日吃五種蔬果 收貨健康好身體

British nutritionists threw down the gauntlet to dietary guidelines in April by declaring seven daily portions of fresh fruit and vegetables, rather than the recommended five, were the key to health.

英國營養學家在四月份向既定的食譜指南發起挑戰，宣稱保持身體健康的關鍵是每日七種蔬果搭配而不是以往推薦的五種蔬果。

But a new foray into the arena of sound eating says the famous five-a-day recommendation made by the UN's World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2003 should be fine.

但是一項新的關於健康飲食的調查顯示，聯合國世界衛生組織（(WHO)）在2003年推薦的著名的每日五蔬果搭配是合理的。

Researchers in China and the United States trawled through 16 published investigations into diet and health involving more than 830, 000 participants, who were followed for periods ranging from four and a half years to 26 years.

中國和美國的研究者搜索了16種已經出版的飲食和健康調查，涉及到超過83萬的參與者，這些人蔘與並接受了從4年半到26年不等的跟蹤調查。

Every additional daily serving of fruit and vegetables reduced the average risk of premature death from all causes by five percent, the scientists found.

科學家們發現，每日每多攝入一份蔬菜和水果，由各種因素引起的早死亡率就會降低5%。

Over the period of the studies, 56, 000 of the participants died, researchers said.

研究者稱，有5.6萬參與者在這項研究進行的過程中去世。

In the case of death from a heart attack or a stroke, each additional serving curbed risk by four percent.

在那些死於心臟病和中風的病例中，每天多吃一種蔬果，疾病的威脅就降低4%。

But there was no evidence of an additional fall in risk beyond five portions, according to the review, published online Tuesday by the British Medical Journal (BMJ).

但是根據英國醫學雜誌(BMJ)週二在網上發表的評論，仍然沒有證據能表明多增加一種可以比五種的搭配更能降低死亡率。

"We found a threshold of around five servings a day of fruit and vegetables, after which the risk of death did not reduce further, " said the investigators, led by Frank Hu of the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston, Massachusetts.

“我們發現一天五蔬果是一個臨界值，在此基礎上增加再多的份量對降低死亡風險也無濟於事。”位於馬薩諸塞，波士頓的哈佛大學公共衛生學院的弗蘭克•胡（Frank Hu）所領導的研究團隊稱。

High consumption of fruit and veg did not translate into a significant reduction in the risk of death from cancer, the study also found.

研究也發現，多攝入蔬菜和水果並不代表就能顯著降低患癌死亡的風險。

In addition to advising patients about the virtues of healthy eating, doctors should also push home the message about risks from obesity, inactivity, smoking and excessive drinking, said the paper.

這篇論文提到，除了建議病人健康飲食外，醫生也應該儘量告誡他們在家庭生活中應注意肥胖，缺少鍛鍊，吸菸以及過度酗酒對身體帶來的風險。

In April, researchers at University College London found that eating seven daily portions or more could reduce the risk of cancer by 25 percent and of heart disease by 31 percent, compared to people who consumed less than one portion a day.

在四月份，英國倫敦大學學院（University College London）的研究者們發現，一天攝入七種蔬果或以上份量的人同那些一天攝入量少於一種的人相比，患癌症的風險降低25%，患心臟病的風險降低31%。

The study was based on the eating habits of more than 65, 000 people in England between 2001 and 2008.

這項研究是依據2001年到2008年間英國6.5萬多人的飲食習慣而得出的。

The London researchers admitted to being surprised by what they found and cautioned the results may not be applicable to other countries.

倫敦的研究者們承認他們對自己的發現感到十分驚喜，同時謹慎地提醒這項結果可能並不適用於其它國家。

Britain has one of the highest rates of heart disease in Europe, a fact blamed in part on a diet high in fat and sugar.

英國是歐洲心臟病發生率最高的國家，部分原因應歸咎於含過多脂肪和糖分的飲食習慣。

The WHO guidelines are based on the equivalent of five 80-gram (three-ounce) portions. One portion is roughly equivalent to a medium-sized apple, a bowl of mixed salad or three dessert spoonfuls of raw, cooked, canned or frozen vegetables.

世界衛生組織以5份80克（3盎司）的攝入量爲指南。每一份差不多相當於一箇中等大小的蘋果，一碗什錦沙拉或是三個甜點勺那麼多生的、熟的、罐裝的或速凍的蔬菜。