從古至今爲了美麗付出的十大代價(下)

adonna Drops

5."貝拉多娜的眼淚"

Atropa belladonna, also known as 'deadly nightshade,' is extremely toxic. In Greek mythology, Atropos was one of the three fates—the one who cut the thread of life. Belladonna been taken as a hallucinogen, as medicine, and as poison. It was also added to eye-drops for its dilating effects. Belladonna contains a natural muscle relaxant that Venetians greatly appreciated. The name 'belladonna' is an homage to the Italian Renaissance women who famously used it.

顛茄，也被稱作龍葵，是一種劇毒植物。希臘神話裏，阿特洛波斯是手握生殺大權的命運三女神之一。顛茄製劑可以被用作迷幻劑、藥物和毒品。更因其具有良好的擴散性，曾被添加於眼藥水中。

Large pupils were considered attractive, but that beauty came at a cost. Belladonna elevated heart rate and blurred vision. Women who used it too much went blind. Many other beauty products throughout have had the same effect. In 1933, Lash Lure Eyelash and Brow Dye caused 15 recorded cases of permanent blindness. The product contained 30 times the recommended amount of paraphenylenediamine.

顛茄屬植物中含有一種備受威尼斯人青睞的天然肌肉鬆弛劑。西文名稱"貝拉多娜"，意爲"漂亮女人"。文藝復興時期的意大利有人曾經提取顛茄的果實用於製作女性散瞳的眼藥水，取這個名字是爲了紀念這段歷史。瞳孔大一些的動人雙眸是會讓女性看起來更楚楚動人，但是美麗需要代價，顛茄製劑會加快心率並且損傷視力。如果過量使用便會導致失明。還有許多其他美容產品也有類似的副作用。比如1933年就發生了15起因使用睫毛膏和染眉膏而永久失明的案例。原因這些產品中對苯二胺的含量超標30多倍。

Binding

4.纏足

Chinese foot binding is estimated to have begun in the 10th century, during the Song Dynasty. Women's feet were broken with their toes were bent inward. At first, foot binding was a sign of high social status, reserved for women who didn't have to work. Bound feet also showed that a potential wife would be submissive. This painful, severely disfiguring custom spread to the lower classes over time. It was finally banned in 1911, but still continued in rural areas.

據說，中國的纏足這個習俗始於公元十世紀，大約是宋朝。纏足使女人的腳折斷，並往裏彎曲。纏足在一開始是社會地位高的標誌，專門爲不需要勞作的女人而設計的。被束縛的腳還意味着順從，這是一個妻子必備的品德。但這個痛苦又極其變態的風俗習慣慢慢傳到了下層社會。雖然它於1911年被廢除，但在農村地區依然存在。

The binding process began when a child was 5 or 6 years old. Smaller feet indicated higher refinement, which improved a woman's marriagability. A three-inch foot, or "golden lotus," was ideal. Anyone who wound up with feet that were five inches or longer (i.e., iron lotuses) would have significantly fewer marriage prospects. The 'lotus feet' tradition lasted through a millennium.

因爲小腳是高修養的象徵，可以增加女人的"可嫁性"，所以很多女孩子從五六歲就開始纏足。"三寸金蓮"最爲理想。而有着一雙五寸或更長的腳（也稱"鐵蓮"）的姑娘的結婚機會將會變少。這種纏足傳統延續了一個千禧年。

ets

3.束腰

Corsets were bodywear that could be tightened to reshape the torso. Corset-created 13-inch waists were never the norm, but women did use corsets to squeeze their bodies many inches inward, causing negative effects on health. The pressure led to constipation and organ damage. Shallow breath caused dizziness and fainting. Women's back muscles were also weakened by regular use.

束腰是一種通過"拉固"來重塑體型的緊身衣。雖然"13英寸"腰圍從來都不是標準，但還是有許多女人用束腰來把腰往裏擠，這對她們的健康是非常不利的。來自束腰的壓力會造成便祕，還會給器官帶來損害。束腰帶來的淺呼吸會使人頭暈甚至暈過去。常常穿戴束腰還會使女人的背部肌肉減弱。

Corset wearing has continued into the modern day. Waist training, also known as tight-lacing, is advertised as a way to shape the body; to flatten the stomach while maintaining desirable curves elsewhere. Some pros recommend women pair waist training with diet and exercise for the best results. Others recommend avoiding corsets altogether. Spanx are a type of modern-day corset, and they compress the body enough to cause nerve problems, stomach pain, and other bodily issues affected women who wore whalebone corsets not so long ago.

束腰直到現在還是非常流行的。束腰，也叫緊身衣，打着"重塑身形"的廣告，在保持別的完美線條的時候收緊腹部。有的支持者推薦女人把束腰和平衡飲食還有鍛鍊相結合，以得到最好的瘦身效果。而反對者倡導完全擺脫束腰。瘦身褲是一種新型束腰，它對身體的壓力足以造成神經問題、肚子痛，以及其它不久前鯨鬚束腰胸衣會造成的身體問題。

2."Toebesity" surgery

2.縮趾手術

Something of a new phenomenon, toe-besity surgery beautifies "fat feet." It allows people have more confidence as they wear sandals and show off their piggly wigglies. It also allows some to fit into high heels or other shoes that don't conform to their natural foot shape. Surgery to shave toe fat and bone would have been considered ludicrous at the turn of the century, but this cosmetic procedure has been gaining traction over the last decade. According to the American Podiatric Medical Association, foot surgery is usually performed out of necessity. People who elect to have any medically unwarranted procedure put themselves at risk. The dangers of surgery include infection, a negative reaction to anesthesia, unsatisfactory results, pain, and the unexpected need for more surgery in the future.

從某種意義上說縮趾手術是一項奇蹟，它可以使"巨足"變美。它使人們穿涼鞋時更自信也能讓他們炫耀從小豬扭扭購買到的鞋子。同時它可以讓某些人穿上高跟鞋或其他一些之前腳型不能駕馭的鞋子。在本世紀之交，足部矯形手術被認爲是荒唐的，然而在過去的十年中，針對這類美容手術我們已經有了牽引治療。根據美國足部醫學協會的說法，足部手術通常被認爲是不必要的。那些尋求足部治療但沒有任何正當理由的的人都會置身於風險之中。手術的風險包括感染、麻醉的不良反應、不理想的結果、疼痛、以及一些無法預料的後續手術。

st Augmentation

1.隆胸

The first silicone breasts were implanted Houston, Texas in 1962. Now breast augmentation is the second-most popular elective cosmetic surgery performed worldwide. Countries that perform the procedure most include the United States, Brazil, Italy, and China. On top of the normal risks of surgery, breast augmentation poses other dangers. Implants may last for decades. On the other hand, they can rupture in a matter of weeks, in which case another full-cost surgery is required.

1962年在美國華盛頓德克薩斯州，第一例硅酮隆胸物被植入。在當今世界，隆胸在最流行的整容手術中名列第二。其中表現最明顯的國家包括：美國、巴西、意大利、以及中國。隆胸手術除了一些常規的手術風險外還會造成一系列的其他危險。植入物可能只能維持數十年。另一方面，它們可能會在幾周後就發生爆裂，這種情況下手術又需要重頭開始。

Women who have breast implant surgery may develop breast tissue atrophy, unpleasant changes in breast sensitivity, or scar tissue that causes pain. Asymmetry, unexpected deformities, and generally disappointing results are not uncommon. Breast implants have also been linked to cancer in rare cases. Those aren't even close to all of the painful possibilities, but potential problems are often ignored in favor of a little extra bulk in the bra. Is it really that unusual? Clearly, people have been compromising their health for beauty for thousands of years.

有過隆胸手術的女人很可能會發生胸部組織萎縮，胸部過敏會有不良反應，傷疤組織會引起疼痛。胸部不對稱，意外的畸形，以及令人失望的結果都是很常見的。在某些案例中，胸部植入物也可能引發癌症。而這些還不是所有的負面可能性，然而爲了內衣裏那些額外填充物，這些潛在的問題經常被忽略。它真的那樣非比尋常麼？很顯然，人們爲了美麗已讓健康妥協了數千年了。

翻譯:哈利小王子 來源：前十網