12月英語四級考試真題試卷及答案
過英語四級的祕密,無非就是反覆刷題。能做到一套真題中的隨便一個單詞都知道,把所有的東西都轉換爲自己的,四級一定能過,還是高分。下面小編就跟大家聊聊關於12月英語四級考試真題試卷及答案吧，希望能幫助到大家。
2017年12月英語四級考試真題試卷
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on how to besthandle the relationship between doctors and patients. Youshould write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
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Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passagewith ten blanks. You arerequired to select one word for each blank from a list of choicesgiven in a wordbank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully beforemaking yourchoices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthecorresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough thecentre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more thanonce.
We all know there exists great void (空白) in the public educational systemwhen itcomes to 26 to STEM(Science, Technology, Engineering Mathematics)courses. Oneeducator named Dori Roberts decided to do something to change thissystem. Doritaught high school engineering for 11 years. She noticed there was areal void in qualitySTEM education at all 27 of the public educational said, "I startedEngineering For Kids (EFK) after noticing a real lack ofmath, science and engineeringprograms to 28 my own kids in."
She decided to start an afterschool program where children 29 inSTEM-basedcompetitions. The club grew quickly and when it reached 180 membersand the kids inthe program won several state 30 , she decided to devote all hertime to cultivating and31 it. The global business EFK was born.
Dori began operating EFK out of her Virginia home, which she then expandedto 32 recreation centers. Today, the EFK program 33 over 144 branches in 32states within theUnited States and in 21 countries. Sales have doubled from $5million in 2014 to $10 million in 2015, with 25 new branches planned for EFK website states, "Ournation is not 34 enough engineers. Our philosophy isto inspire kids at a young age tounderstand that engineering is a great 35."
A) attracted B) career C) championships D) degrees E) developing F) enrollG) exposureH) feasible I) feeding J) graduating K) interest L) levels M) localN) operates O) participated
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with tenstatementsattached to it. Each statement contains information given in one ofthe paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is may choose aparagraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with aletter. Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.
Why aren't you curious about what happened?
A)"You suspended Ray Rice after our video," a reporter from TMZ challengedNationalFootball League Commissioner Roger Goodell the other day. "Why didn'tyou have thecuriosity to go to the casino (賭場) yourself?" The implication of thequestion is that amore curious commissioner would have found a way to get thetape.
B) The accusation of incuriosity is one that we hear often, carrying thesuggestion thatthere is something wrong with not wanting to search out thetruth. "I have beenbothered for a long time about the curious lack ofcuriosity," said a Democraticmember of the New Jersey legislature back in July,referring to an insufficientlyinquiring attitude on the part of an assistant toNew Jersey Governor Chris Christie whochose not to ask hard question about theGeorge Washington Bridge traffic scandal. "Isn't the mainstream media the leastbit curious about what happened?" wroteconservative writer Jennifer Rubinearlier this year, referring to the attack on Americansin Benghazi, Libya.
C) The implication, in each case, is that curiosity is a good thing, and alack ofcuriosity is a problem. Are such accusations simply efforts to scorepolitical points forone's party? Or is there something of particular value aboutcuriosity in and of itself?
D) The journalist Ian Leslie, in his new and enjoyable book Curious: TheDesire to Knowand Why Your Future Depends on It, insists that the answer to thatlast question is 'Yes'. Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked humanvirtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.
E) We are suffering, he writes, from a "serendipity deficit." The word"serendipity" wascoined by Horace Walpole in an 1854 letter, from a tale ofthree princes who "werealways making discoveries, by accident, of things theywere not in search of." Leslieworries that the rise of the Internet, among othersocial and technological changes, hasreduced our appetite for aimlessadventures. No longer have we the inclination to letourselves wander throughfields of knowledge, ready to be surprised. Instead, we seekonly the informationwe want.
F) Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity we will lose the spiritof innovationand entrepreneurship. We will see unimaginative governments anddying corporationsmake disastrous decisions. We will lose a vital part of whathas made humanity as awhole so successful as a species.
G) Leslie presents considerable evidence for the proposition that thesociety as awhole is growing less curious. In the U.S and Europe, for example,the rise of theInternet has led to a declining consumption of news from outsidethe reader's borders. But not everything is to be blamed on technology. Thedecline in interest in literaryfiction is also one of the causes identified byLeslie. Reading literary fiction, he says, make us more curious.
H) Moreover, in order to be curious, "you have to be aware of a gap in yourknowledgein the first place." Although Leslie perhaps paints a bit broadly incontending that most ofus are unaware of how much we don't know, he's surelyright to point out that theproblem is growing: "Google can give us the powerfulillusion that all questions havedefinite answers."
I) Indeed, Google, for which Leslie expresses admiration, is also hisfrequent whippingbody (替罪羊). He quotes Google co-founder Larry Page to theeffect that the "perfectsearch engine" will "understand exactly what I mean andgive me back exactly what Iwant." Elsewhere in the book, Leslie writes: "Googleaims to save you from the thirst ofcuriosity altogether."
J) Somewhat nostalgically (懷舊地), he quotes John Maynard Keynes's justlyfamouswords of praise to the bookstore: "One should enter it vaguely, almost ina dream, andallow what is there freely to attract and influence the eye. To walkthe rounds of thebookshops, dipping in as curiosity dictates, should be anafternoon's entertainment." If only!
K) Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (認知的) scientists, Lesliecriticizes thereceived wisdom that academic success is the result of acombination of intellectualtalent and hard work. Curiosity, he argues, is thethird key factor—and a difficult one topreserve. If not cultivated, it will notsurvive: "Childhood curiosity is acollaboration between child and adult. Thesurest way to kill it is to leave it alone."
L) School education, he warns, is often conducted in a way that makeschildren incurious. Children of educated and upper-middle-class parents turn outto be far more curious, even at early ages, than children of working class andlower class families. That lack ofcuriosity produces a relative lack ofknowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult ifnot impossible to compensatefor later on
M) Although Leslie's book isn't about politics, he doesn't entirely shyaway from theproblem. Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations,should be curious. Theyshould ask questions at crucial moments. There areserious consequence, he warns, innot wanting to know.
N) He presents as an example the failure of the George W. Bushadministration toprepare properly for the after-effects of the invasion of rding to Leslie, thosewho ridiculed former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeldfor his 2002 remark that wehave to be wary of the "unknown unknowns" weremistaken. Rumsfeld's idea, Lesliewrites, " wasn't absurd—it was smart." He adds,"The tragedy is that he didn't follow hisown advice."
O) All of which brings us back to Goodell and the Christie case andBenghazi. Each criticin those examples is charging, in a different way, thatsomeone in authority isintentionally being curious. I leave it to the reader'spolitical preference to decidewhich, if any, charges should stick. But let's becareful about demanding curiosityabout the other side's weaknesses and remandingdeterminedly incurious about our own. We should be delighted to pursue knowledgefor its own sake—even when what we findout is something we didn't particularlywant to know.
36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are manythings we don'tknow.
37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one's success.
38. We should feel happy when we pursue knowledge for knowledge's sake.
39. Political leaders' lack of curiosity will result in badconsequences.
40. There are often accusations about politicians' and the media's lack ofcuriosity tofind out the truth
41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn outto have.
42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in bothintelligence anddiligence.
43. Visiting a bookshop as curiosity leads us can be a good way toentertain ourselves.
44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fictioncontribute topeople's declining curiosity.
45. Mankind wouldn't be so innovative without curiosity.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followedby somequestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through thecentre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Aging happens to all of us, and is generally thought of as a natural partof life. It wouldseem silly to call such a thing a "disease."
On the other hand, scientists are increasingly learning that aging andbiological age aretwo different things, and that the former is a key risk factorfor conditions such as heartdisease, cancer and many more. In that light, agingitself might be seen as somethingtreatable, the way you would treat high bloodpressure or a vitamin deficiency.
Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered adisease. Hesaid that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to developtreatments.
"It unties the hands of the pharmaceutical (製藥的) industry so that they canbegintreating the disease and not just the side effects," he said.
"Right now, people think of aging as natural and something you can'tcontrol," he said. "In academic circles, people take aging research as just aninterest area where they cantry to develop interventions. The medical communityalso takes aging for granted, andcan do nothing about it except keep peoplewithin a certain health range."
But if aging were recognized as a disease, he said, "It would attractfunding and changethe way we do health care. What matters is understanding thataging is curable."
"It was always known that the body accumulates damage," he added. "The onlyway tocure aging is to find ways to repair that damage. I think of it aspreventive medicine forage-related conditions."
Leonard Hayflick, a professor at the University of California, SanFrancisco, said the ideathat aging can be cured implies the human lifespan canbe increased, which someresearchers suggest is possible. Hayflick is not amongthem.
"There're many people who recover from cancer, stroke, or heart theycontinue to age, because aging is separate from their disease," Hayflicksaid. "Even ifthose causes of death were eliminated, life expectancy would stillnot go much beyond 92 years."
46. What do people generally believe about aging?
A) It should cause no alarm whatsoever.
B) They just cannot do anything about it.
C) It should be regarded as a kind of disease.
D) They can delay it with advances in science.
47. How do many scientists view aging now?
A) It might be prevented and treated.
B) It can be as risky as heart disease.
C) It results from a vitamin deficiency.
D) It is an irreversible biological process.
48. What does Alex Zhavoronkov think of "describing aging as adisease"?
A) It will prompt people to take aging more seriously.
B) It will greatly help reduce the side effects of aging.
C) It will free pharmacists from the conventional beliefs about aging.
D) It will motivate doctors and pharmacists to find ways to treataging.
49. What do we learn about the medical community?
A) They now have a strong interest in research on aging.
B) They differ from the academic circles in their view on aging.
C) They can contribute to people's health only to a limited extent.
D) They have ways to intervene in people's aging process.
50. What does professor Leonard Hayflick believe?
A) The human lifespan cannot be prolonged.
B) Aging is hardly separable from disease.
C) Few people live up to the age of 92.
D) Heart disease is the major cause of aging.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Female applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences were nearly halfas likely toreceive excellent letters of recommendation, compared with theirmale counterparts. Christopher Intagliata reports.
As in many other fields, gender bias is widespread in the sciences. Menscore higherstarting salaries, have more mentoring (指導), and have better odds ofbeing hired. Studies show they're also perceived as more competent than women inSTEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields. And newresearch reveals that menare more likely to receive excellent letters ofrecommendation, too.
"Say, you know, this is the best student I've ever had," says Kuheli Dutt,a socialscientist and diversity officer at Columbia University's Lamont campus."Compare thoseexcellent letters with a merely good letter: 'The candidate wasproductive, orintelligent, or a solid scientist or something that's clearlysolid praise,' but nothing thatsingles out the candidate as exceptional or oneof a kind."
Dutt and her colleagues studied more than 1,200 letters of recommendationforpostdoctoral positions in geoscience. They were all edited for gender andotheridentifying information, so Dutt and her team could assign them a scorewithout knowingthe gender of the student. They found that female applicants wereonly half as likely toget outstanding letters, compared with their malecounterparts. That includes letters ofrecommendation from all over the world,and written by, yes, men and women. Thefindings are in the journal NatureGeoscience.
Dutt says they were not able to evaluate the actual scientificqualifications of theapplicants using the data in the files. But she says theresults still suggest women ingeoscience are at a potential disadvantage fromthe very beginning of their careersstarting with those less than outstandingletters of recommendation.
"We're not trying to assign blame or criticize anyone or call anyoneconscious sexist. Rather, the point is to use the results of this study to openup meaningful dialogues onimplicit gender bias, be it at a departmental level oran institutional level or even adiscipline level." Which may lead to somerecommendations for the letter writersthemselves.
51. What do we learn about applicants to postdoctoral positions ingeosciences?
A) There are many more men applying than women.
B) Chances for women to get the positions are scare.
C) More males than females are likely to get outstanding letters ofrecommendation.
D) Male applicants have more interest in these positions than their femalecounterparts.
52. What do studies about men and women in scientific research show?
A) Women engaged in postdoctoral work are quickly catching up.
B) Fewer women are applying for postdoctoral positions due to genderbias.
C) Men are believed to be better able to excel in STEM disciplines.
D) Women who are keenly interested in STEM fields are oftenexceptional.
53. What do the studies find about the recommendation letters for womenapplicants?
A) They are hardly ever supported by concrete examples.
B) They contain nothing that distinguishes the applicants.
C) They provide objective information without exaggeration.
D) They are often filled with praise for exceptional applicants.
54. What did Dutt and her colleagues do with the more than 1,200 lettersofrecommendation?
A) They asked unbiased scholars to evaluate them.
B) They invited women professionals to edit them.
C) They assigned them randomly to reviewers.
D) They deleted all information about gender.
55. What does Dutt aim to do with her study?
A) Raise recommendation writers' awareness of gender bias in theirletters.
B) Open up fresh avenues for women post-doctors to join in researchwork.
C) Alert women researchers to all types of gender bias in the STEMdisciplines.
D) Start a public discussion on how to raise women's status in academiccircles.
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate apassage from Chineseinto English. You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet2.
黃山位於安徽省南部。它風景獨特，尤以其日出和雲海著稱。要欣賞大山的宏偉壯麗，通常得向上看。但要欣賞黃山美景，得向下看。黃山的溼潤氣候有利於茶樹生成，是中國主要產茶地之一。這裏還有許多溫泉，其泉水有助於防治皮膚病。黃山是中國主要旅遊目的地之一，也是攝影和傳統國畫最受歡迎的主題。
2017年12月四級部分真題參考答案(完整版)
Part Ⅰ Writing
Mutual Understanding Is Most Important
When we talk about the relationship between doctors and patients, whatcomes into mymind is generally negative news. However, I believe there is a wayfor doctors andpatients to get along harmoniously—that is mutualunderstanding.
On the one hand, patients are helpless and worried when they go tohospital. Sodoctor's attitude or response is critically important for them andtheir family. On theother hand, doctors have to face so many patients every daythat they even have no timeto take a rest. Such a high intensity of work coulddrive a man crazy. Thus, if they canstand in each other's shoes, most problemscould be solved. Otherwise, a doctor's briefconclusion about the condition ofpatients might be regarded as cold blood and result inconflicts.
Nowadays, much effort has been made to case the tension ofdoctor-patientrelationship. But I think the most effective one is mutualunderstanding and trust.
Part II Listening Comprehension
說明：由於2017年12月四級考試全國共考了兩套聽力，本套真題聽力與前兩套內容相同，只是選項順序不同，因此在本套真題中不再重複出現。
Part III Reading Comprehension
26-35：GLFOC EMNJB
36-45：HDOMB LKJGF
46-55：BADCA CCBDA
Part IV Translation
Located in southern Anhui province in eastern China, Huangshan is known forits uniquenatural scenery, particularly sunrises and sea of clouds. Toappreciate the magnificenceof the mountain, you have to look upward in mostcases; while to enjoy the fascinatinglandscape of Huangshan, you've got to lookdownward. The humid climate of the areaoffers favorable conditions for tea treesto grow, which makes the surrounding area ofHuangshan one of the major producersof tea. The mountain is also home to numeroushot springs, which are helpful forpreventing skin disease. As one of the top touristdestinations in China,Huangshan represents the most popular theme of photographicworks and traditionalChinese paintings.
英語四級語法講義人稱代詞概說
人稱代詞概說
表示"我'，、"你"、"他"、"我們"、"你們"、"他們"等的詞，叫做人稱代詞。
人稱代詞的用法
1)人稱代詞主格的用法
a)作主語
I am a cook.(炊事員) We are cooks，
You are a teacher.(教師) You are teachers.
He is a barber.(理髮員) The yare barbers.
She is a nurse.(護士)The yare nurses.
It is a cart.(大車) They are carts.
b)作表語
It's I .是我。 Oh，it's you. 噢，是你。
[注一]第一人稱單數人稱代詞I (我)永遠要大寫。(見上面例句)
[注二]口語習慣上不說it's I (he, she等)，而說It's me (him，her等)。
2)人稱代詞賓格的用法
a)作及物動詞的賓語
The dog bit him.那隻狗咬了他。
Our P. T. teacher taught us to swim yesterday.我們的體育老師昨天教我們游泳。
This is my new hat. Do you like it ?這是我的新帽子，你喜歡嗎?
b)作介詞的賓語
My brother often writes tome.我弟弟常給我寫信。
They took good care of us.他們無微不至地照料我們。
3)人稱代詞的其他用法 各人稱代詞除按照自身的人稱、數和格使用外，還有下列一些特殊用法：
a)報刊的編輯和文章的作者，在發表觀點時，常用we代替I (同樣用our代替my)。如：
We believe that China will make still greater progress inshipbuilding.我們相信中國的造船業將會有更大的發展。
In our opinion this is the best film of the year.我們認爲這是今年最好的影片。
b)用she來代替國家、城市、船舶、飛機以及動物等，以表示親切和愛撫。如：
That's the picture of the Dongfeng; she is a 10,000 - ton class ocean -goingfreighter.那是萬噸遠洋貨輪東風號的照片。
The dog waved his tail when he saw his master.那狗看見主人就搖尾巴。
c)北有時可用來代替小孩(child)和嬰兒(baby)。如：
The child smiled when it saw its mother.小孩見到母親就笑了。
d) they可用來代替一般的人，特別在"they say"中。如：
They say there's going to be another good harvest thisyear.人們說今年又是個豐收年。
