高考英語語法應試技巧
高考時，對於英語語法填空的應試技巧和解題技巧要相當注意，因爲它們都是不練習就會退步的。下面是本站小編給大家整理的高考英語語法應試技巧，供大家參閱!
該題型的命題形式爲：在一篇200詞左右的語言材料中留出10處空白的後面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據上下文填寫空白處所需的內容(1個單詞)或所提供單詞的正確形式。
1.文章的首尾一、二句一般不留空格，至少應該保證第一句的完整，以幫助學生進入文章內容，瞭解作者的寫作風格，便於後面的填空。短文沒有超出課標的生詞，但可以有課標詞彙的派生詞。
2.文章中的人名、地名等專有名詞，以及日期、數字等不能作爲空格。因爲這類信息如果只在文章中出現一次，學生無法根據語言線索或其他線索填出這些空格。
3.純空格題通常考查體現上下文邏輯關係的紐帶詞彙，如冠詞、介詞、代詞和連詞等;給提示詞的填空通常考查實詞，如名詞的單複數、謂語動詞的時態和語態、非謂語動詞、形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級、詞類轉換等，答案可能是一個單詞、兩個單詞或兩個以上的單詞。
4.設題不以學生常範的語法錯誤作爲考點。語法中的“偏”、“難”、“怪”等考查方向與文章理解沒有直接關係，將會偏離測試目標，從而誤導學生。因此語法填空主要測試學生的語言應用能力。
做題前，首先要結合上下文先對劃空句子進行仔細閱讀，注意有無提示詞語;然後
判斷所填詞語在句子中所充當的成分，例如，主語、謂語、狀語等;最後根據所充當句子的比較級或者最高級等。
如果句子中沒有提示詞或者標誌詞存在，考生要根據句子中所填詞語的位置，判斷
所填詞語的屬性，例如，連接詞、定冠詞或者不定冠詞、代詞或者介詞等。定冠詞以及不定冠詞的位置通常在名詞之前，做到對名詞進行限制的作用。而代詞則分爲形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞、指示代詞和不定代詞等。在運用介詞的時候，往往考查介詞的固定搭配，其中包括動詞、形容詞等與介詞的搭配。
高考英語語法應試技巧：解題技巧首先，分析句子結構，確定填哪類詞;然後，根據句子意思確定填什麼詞或根據兩句間的邏輯關係，確定用什麼樣的關聯詞，主要有以下七種情況：
①名詞前若沒有限定詞(冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞，不定代詞等)，很可能要填限定詞。 例1.(2015課標I卷)
A few hours before ,I‟d been at home in Hong Kong , with Its 此處用形容詞性物主代詞修飾 choking smog 。
②句中不缺主語、表語，動詞後不缺賓語的情況下，名詞或代詞前面一定是填介詞。 例2.(2015課標I卷)
For those who fly to Guilin , it‟s only an hour awayof the better-known city .
By 根據後面的car 可知，此處用介詞by 構成固定表達，by car“乘坐汽車”。 ③若兩個或幾個單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，可能填連詞。
例3.(2014課標I卷)
But the river wasn‟t changed in a few days even a few months .
Or 根據句意可知，a few days 與 a few months 之間爲並列關係，因爲這是在否定句中，所以用or 連接。
④若兩句之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，很可能填並列連詞、從屬連詞或定語從句與名詞性從句的連接詞等。
例4.(2015課標I卷)
I‟d skipped nearby Guilin , a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings .
That/which 分析句子結構可知，此處爲定語從句，從句中缺少主語，所以用that 或which來引導。
例5.(2014課標II卷) and disappointed .
and前後兩個句子之間是並列關係，因此使用and連接。
⑤若結構較完整，空格後的謂語動詞是圓形，特別是與上下文的時態不一致時，很可能是填情態動詞或表示強調或倒裝的助動詞(do,does , did 等)。
例6.(2014課標II卷) anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?
Did 這是一個一般疑問句，謂語動詞是實義動詞lose，因此應該使用助動詞;結合地點狀語at the last stop 確定使用一般過去時。
⑥缺主語或賓語，很可能填代詞或名詞(代詞考的更多)
例7.(2015.廣東) that his farm had much potential and that the death of cow was a bit of luck .
him 分析句子結構可知，此處缺少的是occurred to的賓語，根據上文內容可知，應該用代詞him指代上文提到的約翰遜。
⑦由特殊的句式結構來判斷空格處應填的詞。這些特殊句式有：強調句、倒裝句、it用作形式主語或形式賓語、so/句型和...等。
例8.(2014.上海)
Not until I returned(32) _____I reailze that a quiet town life was the best for me .
Did 這是一個部分倒裝句式，通常需要把主句的系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞提到主語前面;結合上下文可知，此處應使用一般過去時，所以用did.
2.給出動詞提示詞填空的解題技巧
①若句中沒有別的謂語動詞，或者雖然已有謂語動詞，但需填的動詞與之是並列關係時，所給動詞就是謂語動詞;若句中缺少謂語動詞，就要考慮所給動詞的時態和語態。 例9.(2015課標I卷)
It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn .
Arrived 分句子結構可知，此處爲時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞，根據主句的謂語 was raining 可知，此處用一般過去時。
例10.(2015課標I卷)
Yangshuo (be) really beautiful .
is 句子的主語是Yangshuo，該句描述的是客觀事實，所以此處的謂語動詞用一般現在時，且爲單數形式。
②若句中已有謂語動詞，又不缺少並列謂語時，所給動詞就是非謂語動詞。若是非謂語動詞就要確定用v.-ing形式、v.-ed形式，還是用不定式形式。
例11.(2015課標I卷)
A study of travelers (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world .
Conducted 分析句子結構可知，該句的謂語動詞是names，所以此處爲非謂語動詞，study與conduct之間存在被動關係，所以用過去形式作後置定語。
例12.(2015課標II卷)
When a new day breaks , the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough (cool) the house during the hot day...
To cool根據前面的 are now cold enough可知，此處用不動詞形式做結果狀語。
3.詞類轉換題的解題技巧
根據該詞所做句子成分確定所給單詞的哪種形式，例如：作表語、定語或補語，通常用形容詞形式;修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞，通常用副詞形式;此外，還要根據句意和上下文的語境考慮使用形容詞或副詞的原級、比較級、最高級。
例13.(2015課標I卷)
Abercrombie &Kent , a travel company in Hong Kong, says it (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong .
Regularly 此處缺少的是修飾謂語動詞arranges 的成分，所以用副詞形式。
例14.(2015課標II卷) (nature) architects , the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days .
Natural根據後面的architects可知，此處應該使用形容詞修飾該名詞，所以應用natural。
鞏固提升 Yangshuo, China
It was raining lightly when I__61__(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn‟t care. A few hours__62__, I‟d been at home in Hong Kong, with __63_(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
I‟d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark
waters of the Li River_64__are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65__(painting). Instead, I „d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it‟s only an hour away__66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo__67__(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68__(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it_69__(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70__(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
高考英語語法應試技巧：語法填空熱身練習Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It (be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it (actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But the river wasn‟t changed in a few days even a few months. It took years of
work (reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard
work paid off and now the water in the river is Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don‟t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,don‟t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be (patience)
