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高考英語總複習知識點

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普通高等學校全國統一招生(簡稱高考)是一項選拔性的考試,那麼高考英語總複習有哪些知識點呢?接下來本站小編爲你整理了高考英語總複習知識點,一起來看看吧。

高考英語總複習知識點
  高考英語總複習知識點:重點詞組

1. a big headache令人頭痛的事情

2. a fraction of 一部分

3. a matter of concern 焦點

4. a series of 一系列,一連串above all 首先,尤其是

5. absent from不在,缺席

6. abundant in富於

7. account for 解釋

8. accuse sb. of sth.控告

9. add to增加(add up to)

10. after all 畢竟,究竟

11. agree with同意

12. ahead of time / schedule提前

13. ahead of 在...之前(ahead of time 提前)

14. alien to與...相反

15. all at once 突然,同時

16. all but 幾乎;除了...都

17. all of a sudden 突然

18. all over again 再一次,重新

19. all over 遍及

20. all right 令人滿意的;可以

21. all the same 仍然,照樣的

22. all the time 一直,始終

23. angry with sb. at/about sth.生氣,憤怒

24. anxious about/for憂慮,擔心

25. anything but 根本不

26. apart from 除...外(有/無)

27. appeal to 吸引,申訴,請求

28. applicable to適用於

29. apply to適用

30. appropriate for/to適當,合適

31. approximate to近似,接近

32. apt at聰明,善於

33. apt to易於

34. around the clock夜以繼日

35. as a matter of fact 實際上

36. as a result(of) 因此,由於

37. as a rule 通常,照例

38. as far as concerned 就...而言

39. as far as 遠至,到...程度

40. as follows 如下

41. as for 至於,關於

42. as good as 和...幾乎一樣

43. as if 好像,防腐

44. as regards 關於,至於

45. as to 至於,關於

46. as usual 像平常一樣,照例

47. as well as 除...外(也),即...又

48. as well 同樣,也,還

49. ashamed of羞愧,害臊

50. aside from 除...外(還有)

  高考英語總複習知識點:句子語法

1. For example, adolescent boys are more likely to buy computer games than any

other group, so it makes sense to make computer game ads that appeal to this group.

【句式翻譯】例如,進入青春期的男孩子就可能比任何其他人羣更願意購買電腦遊戲,因此,針對這個目標羣體制作有吸引力的電腦遊戲廣告是有意義的。

【句式分析】本句是一個含有so引導的結果狀語從句的複合句,同時又含有一

個than引導的比較狀語從句。

【詞語點撥】1)likely adj. 可能的;常用於句型:sb/sth be likely to do= it is likely that… 可能做……

He’s very likely to send me an email tonight.

=It’s very likely that he’ll send me an email tonight.

很可能他今晚會給我發電子郵件。

The company is likely to set up a branch in our city. =It’s likely that the company will set up a branch in our city.

這個公司可能要在我們的城市建立分公司。

2) make sense 有意義;講得通;make sense of 理解

I can’t follow these instructions -- they don’t make sense.

我不理解這些指示--根本講不通嘛。

We read the sentence through, but could not make sense of it.

我們我們把句子看了一遍, 但不明白它說些什麼。

3) appeal to吸引;appeal to sb. for sth/appeal to sb. to do sth 呼籲某人幹某事;求助於

Blue and red appeal to me, but I don’t like gray or yellow.

我喜歡藍色和紅色, 而不喜歡灰色或黃色。

Jack sincerely appealed to his friends to support him.

傑克真切地向朋友請求支持。

We can appeal to the website for the information we need.

我們可以在網上查找我們需要的信息。

【語法點撥】本句中的 than any other…,意爲“比其他任何一個……”,所談

論的對象在比較的範圍之內;若不在範圍之內,則不用 other。如:

China is larger than any other country in Asia.

中國比亞洲任何別的國家都大。

China is larger than any country in Africa.

中國比非洲的任何國家都大。

2. The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they are to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively.

【句式翻譯】年輕人越接觸經濟問題,他們就能越早地瞭解這些問題,他們就更有可能成爲有責任感的、早作打算的成年人,能夠有信心地、有效地管理自己的經濟問題。

【句式分析】本句含有“the+比較級,the+比較級”的句式,同時又含有一個who引導的限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞adults。

【詞語點撥】1) expose vt.揭露;使暴露;be exposed to暴露於;接觸

We must expose this shameful activity to the newspapers.

我們一定要向報社揭露這一無恥行徑。

We should allow children to be exposed to new ideas.

我們應當讓孩子們接觸新思想。

2)manage v.應付,設法對付;管理;能解決;manage to do設法做成

We need people who are good at managing.

我們需要擅長管理的人。

He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time.

他設法把遊客及時送到機場。

Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water if they are not managed carefully.

如果掌控小帆船不夠小心,它們在水中就容易翻。

【語法點撥】“the+比較級,the+比較級”,表示“越……越……”。如:

The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.

我們越是多聚會, 我們越快樂。

The longer she worked at it, the more enthusiastic she became.

她越幹越來勁。

3. She found that kids praised for “trying hard” did better on testes and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being “smart”.

【句式翻譯】她發現因爲努力被表揚的孩子比因爲聰明被表揚的孩子在考試中表現得更好,更願意承擔困難的任務。

【句式分析】本句含有一個than引導的比較狀語從句。

【詞語點撥】take on 承擔;呈現

He is always ready to take on heavy responsibilities.

他一向樂於挑重擔。

The chameleon can take on the colour of its background.

變色龍可呈現出與其背景相同的顏色。

【語法點撥】當我們要對兩個人或物進行比較時,就採用比較級,比較級的構成:形容詞或副詞的比較級+than+比較成分,意思是:“更……些”或“較……”。Deeds are better than words when people are in need of help.

當別人需要幫助時,行動勝於語言。

In a word, practice is far more important than book knowledge.

一句話,實踐遠比書本知識重要。

4. Perhaps more importantly, the better you are at managing the time you devote to your studies, the more time you will have to spend on your outside interests.

【句式翻譯】也許更重要的是,你越善於管理你的學習時間,你就會有更多的時間用在你課外的興趣上。

【句式分析】本句含有“the+比較級,the+比較級”的句式,同時含有兩個非限制性定語從句,分別修飾先行詞the time和the more time。

【詞語點撥】1) devote vt.獻身;專心於;常接time/money/energy/life/oneself作賓語,構成短語be devoted to=devote oneself to獻身於,致力於;to爲介詞,後面接名詞、代詞或者動名詞。

Lang Lang devoted a lot of time to playing the piano even when he was a little child. 郎朗小時候就把很多時間都用來彈鋼琴。

After her marriage, the singer couldn’t devote herself totally to her music. 結婚之後這個歌手無法全力傾注於音樂。

2)spend some money/ time on sth=spend some money/time (in) doing sth表示“花費(時間、金錢等)做某事”,其中的介詞in可以省略。

Every day, most of the students in this school spend three hours on their homework. 這所學校大多數學生每天花三個小時做家庭作業。

It is bad for children to spend a lot of time playing computer games. 用很多時間玩電腦遊戲對孩子是有害的。

【語法點撥】“the+比較級,the+比較級”,表示“越……越……”,具體用法參見第2句。

5. He worked there through his school and university years until 1942, a year after he had gained a Master’s degree at university in chemistry.

【句式翻譯】他讀中學和大學的那段時間都在那裏工作,一直到1942年,也就是他在大學裏獲得化學碩士學位後的那一年。

【句式分析】本句含有一個after引導的時間狀語從句,從句中運用了過去完成時態。

【詞語點撥】gain vt.(經過努力)獲得,取得

We gain knowledge by practicing again and again.

我們從反覆訓練中獲取知識。

They realized that passing the exam was no longer enough to gain a place at university.

他們認識到僅僅通過這個考試,並不能確保在大學獲得一席之位。

【語法點撥】過去完成時的構成:had done,表示“過去某一時間或動作以前已經發生或完成了的動作。它表示動作發生的時間是“過去的過去”。表示過去某一時間可用by, before, after等構成的短語,也可用when, before等引導的從句或通過上下文表示。如:

His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the gift he had long expected.

當她終於收到她盼望已久的禮物時,她興奮得兩眼閃光。

By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself.

12歲時,愛迪生就開始自己謀生。

6. By the end of the century, we will have discovered other places in our solar system suitable for living and we will have discovered ways to go further into space. 【句式翻譯】到本世紀末,我們將會在太陽系中發現其他適合人類居住的星球,並將發現進行更遠空間探索的方法。

【句式分析】本句是由並列連詞and連接的複合句,句中運用了將來完成時態。

【詞語點撥】suitable adj.合適的,適當的;構成短語:be suitable for適合……

They don’t think this article is suitable for publication.

他們認爲這篇文章不宜發表。

John wanted to change over to a more suitable job.

約翰想換一個更加適合的工作。

【語法點撥】將來完成時的構成:will/shall have done,表示“到將來某一時間爲止已經完成的動作”。常與by + 將來時間,before+將來時間和by the time 引導的表示將來時間的從句連用。如:

He will have finished writing his novel by the end of next year.

到明年年底他就會寫完他的小說了。

When we get there,she’ll have gone to work.

我們到那裏時她會已上班去了。

7. In today’s world, winners are celebrated and treated as heroes, but if doping and gene-therapy continue to affect the outcomes of major sporting events, the word “hero” will have lost all meaning.

【句式翻譯】在當今世界,人們祝賀獲勝者,並把他們看作英雄,但如果服用興奮劑和基因治療繼續影響着主要體育項目的成績的話,“英雄”就失去了它的全部意義。

【句式分析】本句是由並列連詞but連接的複合句,第二個分句運用了將來完成時,同時,包含有一個if引導的條件狀語從句。

【詞語點撥】1) celebrate vt.慶祝

The whole city celebrated the New Year with fireworks.

全城放焰火來慶祝新年。

2) affect vt.影響,感動

I told him firmly that his opinion will not affect my decision.

我堅定的告訴他,他的觀點不會影響我的決定。

The audience present was deeply affected by his speech.

在場的聽衆都被他的演講深深地打動了。

【語法點撥】將來完成時, 具體用法參見第6句。

8. One of the earliest epidemics on record happened about 500-550 AD when the Roman emperor at the time was attempting to rebuild the Roman Empire.

【句式翻譯】歷史上有記載的最早的傳染病之一發生在公元500-550年,當時的羅馬皇帝正在試圖重建羅馬帝國。

【句式分析】本句包含一個when引導的限制性定語從句,從句中運用了過去進行時。

【詞語點撥】attempt v.& n.嘗試,試圖

William attempted to find the solution to the problem.

威廉試圖找到問題的解決辦法。

He was nearly drowned in the attempt to swim across.

他在試圖游到對岸去時差一點被淹死。

【語法點撥】過去進行時的構成:was/were doing,表示“過去某個時間正在進行的動作”。常用的時間狀語有this morning, the whole morning, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。如:

What was he writing all day last Sunday?

上週日他一整天都在寫什麼?

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.

我哥哥騎自行車的時候從車上摔下來受傷了。

9. The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come.

【句式翻譯】最近的幾年裏,人們見證了大規模的環境災難,專家們預測更爲嚴重的災難即將發生。

【句式分析】本句是由並列連詞and連接的複合句,第一個分句運用了現在完成時。

【詞語點撥】on a grand scale大規模地,大張旗鼓地

We should popularize science on a grand scale.

我們應該大規模普及科學。

【語法點撥】現在完成時的構成:has/have done,常表示“某一動作或狀態發生在過去,對現在有影響”,也可表示“持續到現在的動作或狀態”。常用的時間狀語:for或since引導的時間狀語及before, until now, up till now, so far, up to the moment, in the last few years等。如:

We have booked a room for today and tomorrow.

我們已經預訂了今天和明天的房間。

The house has been empty for ages.

這幢房子已經空了相當長時間了。(現在仍空着)

10. In the last few decades, scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earth’s climate -- something previously seen as beyond our control.

【句式翻譯】最近幾十年,科學家們達成共識並報道說,人類正在引起地球的氣候變化—而這在以前看來是我們不能控制的。

【句式分析】本句是複合句,含有一個that引導的賓語從句,主句中運用了現在完成時。

【詞語點撥】1) reach (a) consensus 達成共識,達成一致意見

It is very difficult for them to reach a consensus on this issue.

他們在這個問題上很難取得一致意見。

2) beyond prep. 超過;越過;在…較遠的一邊

The delay was caused by heavy weather and was beyond our control.

延遲是由惡劣天氣造成的,我們無法控制。

The beauty of the scene was beyond compare.

景色之美無與倫比。

Linda always wondered what was beyond the horizon.

琳達總是納悶着地平線的那一邊是什麼。

【語法點撥】現在完成時,具體用法參見第10句。

  高考英語總複習知識點:易錯知識點

▼易錯點1 名詞的單複數形式的誤判

【典型錯例】

—What do you think the should do first?

—They should learn to take as well as share rights in life.

n-up; responsibility   B. growns-up; responsibility

n-ups; responsibilities D. growns-ups;responsibilities

錯因分析:

有些考生以爲grown是複合名詞的中心詞,其複數形式應該在grown後面加-s;另一方面認爲responsibility是不可數名詞,沒有複數形式,從而錯選B.其實,grown-up沒有中心名詞,其複數形式應該在up後面加-s;同時根據語境可知,responsibility指義務,該單詞作“義務,職責”講時,可作可數名詞或不可數名詞,故正確答案選C.

複合名詞的複數形式一般在中心名詞後面加-s,如:looker-on →lookers-on, son-in-law →sons-in-law;但是當複合名詞沒有中心名詞時,其複數形式是在最後的詞後面加-s,如:grown-up → grown-ups; go-between → go-betweens.

▼易錯點2 名詞的格的誤用

【典型錯例】

—Look! This is .

—Very beautiful. When did she take it?

A. mymother‘s picture   B. my mother in the picture

C. apicture of my mother  D. a picture of my mother‘s

錯因分析:

考生可能受漢語思維的影響,錯選A或B;也可能受英語雙重所有格的影響,錯選D.根據語境可知,正確答案選C.

mymother‘s picture,意爲“我媽媽所擁有的照片”,暗含“照片上不一定是我媽媽”; a picture of my mother‘s意爲“我媽媽所擁有的照片中的一張”,同樣,暗含“照片上不一定是我媽媽”; a picture of my mother意爲“我媽媽的照片(照片中是媽媽)”;my mother in the picture意爲“照片中我的媽媽”,暗含“不是真實的媽媽”。

▼易錯點3 名詞作定語的誤用

【典型錯例】

—Where does your sister work, Jack?

—She works in a .

of cloth  B. cloth‘s shop   with clothes  D. clothes shop

錯因分析:

有些考生會因爲對名詞作定語的用法運用不當而錯選B.其實,clothes“服裝”只有複數形式,而單數形式“布店”應用shop for cloth或cloth shop,因此,根據語境可知,正確答案選D.

名詞作定語時一般用其單數形式,然而,名詞parents, clothes,sports等,作定語時必須要使用其複數形式。另外,man,woman作定語時,如果中心詞是單數,則用其單數形式;如果中心詞是複數,則用其複數形式。

▼易錯點4 對不可數名詞的應用判斷失誤

【典型錯例】

—I find it very difficult to read novel you lent me last week.

—Yes. It‘s necessary to have good knowledgeof history.

A. the;不填  B. a;不填  C. the; a  D. a; a

錯因分析:

考生可能以爲第一空是特指對方上週所借給“我”的小說,故應填定冠詞;第二空後面是抽象名詞,爲不可數名詞,不填冠詞,於是錯選A.然而,此處knowledge之前須用不定冠詞,have a good knowledge of意爲“對……很瞭解”,是固定搭配,故正確答案選C.

英語中,有些抽象名詞,如knowledge, history,failure, success, help, pleasure, surprise,honour等表示抽象概念時,其前面不用不定冠詞,如:with pleasure, in surprise等。但是,當表示具體的概念時,其前面須用不定冠詞,也可以用其複數形式。

▼易錯點5 對專有名詞的應用判斷失誤

【典型錯例】

—Do you know Li Ming?

—Li Ming? Which one?I know Li Ming in our class very well. He is Lei Feng of our times.

A. 不填;不填  B. a; a  C. a; the   D. the; the

錯因分析:

有些考生可能以爲兩個空後面的名詞都是人名,前面不用冠詞,於是錯選A.然而,聯繫語境可知,答話者至少認識兩個李明,而特指他班上的那個李明時前面須用定冠詞;後一空的Lei Feng由of our times修飾,說明是我們時代的特徵,須用定冠詞,故正確答案選D.

人名前面加定冠詞,指特定的某個人或某個人的主要特徵。地名前面一般不用定冠詞,但是當指特定某時期的地方或某地的主要特徵時,須用定冠詞。

如:China → the China (of) today; America → the America of last century; the New York of China等。

表姓氏的複數名詞前面用定冠詞表示夫婦兩人或全家人,如:the Greens.

▼易錯點6 定冠詞與不定冠詞判斷失誤

【典型錯例】

—When did you meet her last?

—I don‘t remember exactly, but I‘m sure it was Friday when I went tothe shop to buy football.

A. a; a  B. 不填;a  C. the;不填  D. 不填;不填

錯因分析:

有些考生可能認爲這兩個空後面的名詞前都不用冠詞,從而錯選D.其實,指一個特定的星期幾時前面須用不定冠詞;表示一個足球時,前面也須用不定冠詞,故正確答案選A.

表示星期幾的名詞前面一般不用冠詞,但是當指某一個特定的星期幾時,前面要加不定冠詞。球類活動中,表球類的名詞前不用冠詞;音樂活動中,表樂器名稱的名詞前須用定冠詞。但是,當它們不指活動,而是指具體的某件東西時,須用適當的冠詞。


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