中英雙語話史記 第80期:唐朝的建立
Tang Dynasty
唐朝唐朝的建立Li Yuan, who was a former governor under the Sui dynasty rose in rebellion after being urged on by his second son (later Tang Taizong).
李淵原先是隋朝的一名官員，在自己的二兒子（後來的唐太宗）的力勸之下，他在農民起義中揭竿而起。
Li Yuan installed a puppet child emperor of the Sui dynasty in 617 but he eventually removed the child emperor and established the Tang dynasty in 618.
李淵於617年扶立了隋朝的一位幼年天子作為傀儡皇帝但是最終他取而代之並在618年建立了唐朝。Li Yuan ruled until 626 before being deposed by his son, Li Shimin, known as “Tang Taizong” in history.
李淵在位八年，626年時被自己的兒子李世明，也就是歷史上的唐太宗罷黜。Taizong then set out to solve internal problems within the government, internal problems had constantly plagued past dynasties.
太宗之後開始著手解決政府的內部問題，這些問題在之前那些朝代一直是一個麻煩。The Emperor had three administrations (省, shěng), which were obliged to draft, review, and implement policies respectively.
國家設立三省，分別負責起草、稽核和補充決策，每個部門都被分配不同的任務。There were also six divisions （bù) under the administration that implemented policy, each of which was assigned different tasks.
三省下設六部來執行政策，其中每個部被分配了不同的任務。
It was during the Tang dynasty that the only female ruler of China, Empress Wu Zetian, made her mark.
唐代的武則天是中國歷史上唯一一位女皇帝。Her rule was one of only a handful of examples in which women seized power and ruled China,
她的執政僅僅是一小部分女性掌權或統治國家的例子之一，and was the only example of a woman who ruled in her own right.
她也是唯一一個自立為帝的女性。The 7th to the 8th century was generally considered the zenith point of the Tang dynasty, and arguably the whole Chinese civilization.
七到八世紀被普遍認為是唐朝甚至整個中國文明的頂峰。Emperor Tang Xuanzong brought the Middle Kingdom to its golden age and Tang hegemony reached all the way to Japan and Korea in the east, Indochina in the south and central and western Asia in the west.
唐玄宗將唐朝中期帶入了黃金時代，國家的霸權向東延伸至日本和韓國、南至印度支那、西至中亞和西亞。China was the protector of Kashmir and master of the Pamirs.
中國是克什米爾的保護者和帕米爾的領導者。Its authority as far as Tokmak in present-day Uzbekistan (west of Lake Issyk Kul in Kyrgyzstan), Tohuolu or Kabul in Afghanistan, and as far west as the Aral Sea and the Caspian Sea.
它的權威遠至今日烏茲別克的托克馬克（吉爾吉斯斯坦伊塞克湖西邊）、阿富汗的吐火羅，西邊遠達鹹海和裡海。Some of the major kingdoms paying tribute to the Tang Dynasty included Kashmir, Neparo (Nepal), Vietnam, Japan, Korea, over nine kingdoms located in Amu Darya and Syr Darya valley in south of mid-Asia.
各大王國包括克什米爾、尼泊爾、越南、日本、韓國、分佈在阿姆河附近的超過9個國家和中亞南部的錫爾河都向大唐進貢。Nomadic kingdoms addressed the Emperor of Tang respectfully as Tian Kehan (Celestial Kaghan)(天可汗）.
遊牧王國尊稱大唐皇帝為“天可汗”。Due to its prosperity，the Tang dynasty was also an era of development of a highly educated society.
因為國家的繁榮，唐朝同樣也是一個高度教化社會不斷髮展的時代。The Tang dynasty became synonymous to the birth of famous poems and literatures created by individuals such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Meng Haoran and many others.
唐代成為了李白、杜甫、孟浩然和其他一些詩人創作詩文的發源地的代名詞。They wrote some of the most famous poems of their time which are still recited to this day.
他們當時創作的一些著名作品直到今日還被人交口傳頌。
