雅思寫作範文：用私家車對個人和環境的利弊
現在私家車越來越多了，小編都覺得現在走路都能夠比坐車快，不知道烤鴨們是什麼感覺。2月24的雅思大作文考題就是關於私家車的內容，考生們如何作答呢?小編帶來的是關於2月24日雅思寫作考試考題，用私家車對個人和環境的利弊考題解析。
雅思寫作：用私家車對個人和環境的利弊
2018年02月24日雅思大作文題目
“More and more people buy and use their own car. Do you think the advantages of this trend for individuals outweigh its disadvantages for environment?”
本題爲雅思考試經典舊題，最近一次出現在2016年9月15日。相信參加本次考試的烤鴨會很開心，這個話題實在是太熟悉，甚至可能都背誦過範文。
大家看一個數據：2004年中國汽車保有量是2400萬輛，到2015年，這個數據已經達到1.37億!也就是說，僅僅10年時間，活躍在中國大街小巷的汽車增加了500%!而這增加的車輛，多數都是私家車。的確，近些年中國的汽車行業發展太快了，以至於很多人對此都有意見。那麼，本次雅思考題正是針對這樣的一個問題。
汽車的確能夠人們帶來很多方便。在擁擠的都市裏，雖然有發達的公交系統和地鐵系統，但都非常擁擠，有時候還趕不上，嚴重地耽誤上班時間，即使擠上去，帥哥美女們擠雜在熙熙攘攘的各色人羣中，的確時有尊嚴不足之感。好，開私家車讓自己出行更方便，更有自由和舒適感，這些是買私家車的好處。
但是，那麼多人開私家車，我們又不得不考慮它們對環境的消極影響。這個不難理解。很多專家都指出，北京的霧霾(其實不只是北京，全世界稍微大點的城市，哪個沒有霧霾?只是北京霧霾太嚴重，於是成了衆人譏諷的城市，這有點不公平，大家都是五十步笑百步)，很大程度上就是由於這個城市的車太多引起的。車一發動，灰塵(dust)揚起，尾氣(exhaust gas)外噴，的確容易污染空氣。討論完私家車對個人的好處以及對環境的壞處後，我們的觀點應該是什麼呢?這裏就沒有所謂正確答案了。你可以說自由和方便高於一切，可以開發新的科技來解決由此引起的環境問題;你也可以說環境高於一切，出行的方便可以通過改進公交系統來解決;你還可以說，自由方便和環境都很重要，但呼籲儘量減少用車時間，共同維護美好環境，等等。
這裏提醒大家，其實本題還是隱藏了一個陷阱的。很多同學一看到“汽車”話題太過於開心，於是忘記了仔細審題：本題要求比較的是汽車對個人的好處以及對環境的壞處。
因此，在討論汽車的好處時一定要聚焦“汽車對個人的好處”，比如汽車給我們出行帶來的便捷，如果討論汽車如何增加政府的收入，則屬於偏題;在討論汽車的壞處時一定要聚焦“汽車給環境帶來的壓力”，比如空氣污染，噪音污染等，如果討論開車耗費我們很多金錢，則屬於偏題。因此，建議烤鴨們在考場上一定要靜下心來，仔細審題後再作答。
老師筆記
01
Just 50 years ago, to own a car was quite a luxury, but today, cars have found their way into many households. Statistics show in China alone, there are over 140 million cars running on road every day. While cars have brought about conveniences to their users, they have imposed great pressure on the environment.
僅僅在50年前，擁有一輛汽車還是一件相當奢華的事情，但今天，汽車已經走進很多家庭了。數據顯示，僅在中國，每天就有超過1.4億輛車在路上奔跑。雖然汽車給使用者帶來了諸多便利，但它們也給環境造成巨大壓力。
解析
(1)本段用比較方法引出話題，然後用數據補充，最後重述題目觀點。這種做法可以讓第一段顯得生動活潑。如果千篇一律地使用如下開頭，則會使文章沒有生機：
A. With the development of the society, more and more people buy and use their own car.
B. When it comes to the car ownership and use, many people think they are good to the individuals but very bad to the environment.
這兩種典型的作文開頭法雖然可以萬能，但正因爲其萬能，就顯得沒有任何個性，而顯示出作者的個性，是作文得到高分的必需。引用數據或者通過比較來引入話題，就顯得更爲獨特。
(2)luxury 奢華
(3)find one’s way to/into... 進入到...... (比簡單的enter顯得更爲地道，生動!)
(4)in China alone...僅僅在中國 (這裏的alone與孤獨沒有任何關係，表示“僅僅”)
(5)impose pressure on... 給......施加了壓力
02
Modern city life has made the car an indispensable means of transport. Though most cities today have fairly advanced transportation systems like the bus and metro, they tend to be extremely crowded, especially in rush hours. This means you might come to your office late or miss some important appointments. If you drive your own car, these problems may well be avoided. At the same time, when you plan to take your family for a trip out of town, you may also enjoy the flexibility of when to start off and when to return, rather than spending time waiting for the bus to arrive.
現代的城市生活已經讓汽車成爲一種不可或缺的交通工具。雖然現在絕大多數城市都有相當發達的交通系統，比如公共汽車和地鐵，但它們也容易變得非常擁擠，尤其是在上下班高峯期。這就意味着你可能上班遲到，或者錯過一些重要的約會。如果你開自己的車，這些問題就可得到避免。同時，當你計劃帶家人出城遊玩時，你也享有何時出發何時回來的靈活性，而不是花時間等待公交車到來。
解析
(1)本段論證汽車給人們生活帶來的便利：第一是公交或地鐵太擁擠，可能因此上班遲到;第二是全家出去旅遊時更靈活。
(2)indispensable 不可或缺的
(3)means of transport / transportation 交通運輸工具
(4)rush hours (上下班)高峯期
(5)flexibility 靈活性
03
However, the increased use of cars has caused serious consequences for our environment. Many experts, for instance, attributes the worsening air quality in big cities to the cars’ exhaust gas emission and the dust that rises after them. This accusation is perhaps well-grounded if you make a little comparison between the air quality 50 years ago and that now. In addition to the waste gas and dust, cars also make unbearable noises, which is a headache to all city dwellers. Just imagine a time you are shocked awake from your cozy dream by the sharp braking screech of a car passing by your house!
然而，汽車使用越來越多，已經給環境帶來了嚴重的後果。比如，許多專家將大城市日益惡化的空氣質量歸咎於汽車的尾氣釋放以及汽車後面揚起的塵土。如果你把50年前的空氣質量和現在的空氣質量稍微比較一下，(你就會發現)這種指責也許是有依據的。除了尾氣和塵土外，汽車還製造令人難以忍受的噪音，這令所有城市居民感到頭疼。想一想吧，某次你被經過你家房子的汽車的尖利剎車聲從美夢中驚醒!
解析
(1)本段討論汽車對環境的影響，一是造成了空氣質量下降，二是造成了很多噪音。本段最後一句也是一個個性表達的範例!
(2)consequences 後果
(3)... 將......歸因於......
(4)exhaust gas emission 尾氣釋放
(5)well-grounded 有依據的
(6)city dweller 城市居民
(7)screech 尖叫聲
04
In my view, it is unrealistic for the government to put a ban on the car ownership or use since the cars have been so important in our daily life, yet we cannot overlook the negative effects they have on the environment. To get out of this dilemma, to my mind, there are two options, the first being to develop car technology and produce cars that burn less fuel and the second, encourage the car owners to use public transportation whenever possible.
我認爲，政府禁止擁有或使用汽車是不現實的，因爲汽車在我們的日常生活中已經如此重要，但是我們也不能忽視汽車給環境帶來的負面影響。我覺得，爲了走出這個困境，我們有兩個選擇，其一，發展汽車科技，製造出較少耗費燃料的汽車，其二，鼓勵汽車擁有者們儘可能使用公共交通。
解析
(1)本段表達自己的觀點，提出汽車和環境都需要，並因此提出了兩個選擇方案：一是設計耗油少的汽車，二是鼓勵大家儘量選坐公共交通。
(2)unrealistic 不現實的
(3)overlook 忽視
(4)dilemma 困境
(5)option 選擇
(6)e are two options, the first being to develop car technology... 該句後半部分是獨立主格結構，因此用being，而不能用is。在有把握的前提下，偶爾使用一下這種高端句型，有可能給考官留下好印象。如果沒有把握，就要老老實實地寫：e are two options. The first one is to develop car technology...
本場雅思寫作考試範文
Just 50 years ago, to own a car was quite a luxury, but today, cars have found their way into many households. Statistics show in China alone, there are over 140 million cars running on road every day. While cars have brought about conveniences to their users, they have imposed great pressure on the environment.
Modern city life has made the car an indispensable means of transport. Though most cities today have fairly advanced transportation systems like the bus and metro, they tend to be extremely crowded, especially in rush hours. This means you might come to your office late or miss some important appointments. If you drive your own car, these problems may well be avoided. At the same time, when you plan to take your family for a trip out of town, you may also enjoy the flexibility of when to start off and when to return, rather than spending time waiting for the bus to arrive.
However, the increased use of cars has caused serious consequences for our environment. Many experts, for instance, attributes the worsening air quality in big cities to the cars’ exhaust gas emission and the dust that rises after them. This accusation is perhaps well-grounded if you make a little comparison between the air quality 50 years ago and that now. In addition to the waste gas and dust, cars also make unbearable noises, which is a headache to all city dwellers. Just imagine a time you are shocked awake from your cozy dream by the sharp braking screech of a car passing by your house!
In my view, it is unrealistic for the government to put a ban on the car ownership or use since the cars have been so important in our daily life, yet we cannot overlook the negative effects they have on the environment. To get out of this dilemma, to my mind, there are two options, the first being to develop car technology and produce cars that burn less fuel and the second, encourage the car owners to use public transportation whenever possible.
(346 words)
雅思寫作大作文範文：私家車普及的利與弊
題目：Advantages and disadvantages of private cars.
範文：With the fantastic spur both in industry and in economy in China, the number of people who own private cars is on the rise. Some people have bought cars of their own, and others are planning to buy cars. But there have been two quite different views on this phenomenon.
Some claim that there are many advantages brought about by cars. First, the automobile industry provides jobs for countless workers and strong support for other industries. Second, if conditions permit, owning a car can make us work more efficiently. Finally, life will become more convenient. A car allows one to move freely and with a car there is no need to wait for the bus in the cold or under the burning sun.
However, others strongly object to the increase in developing private cars. They hold that automobiles will give rise to a series of problems. In the first place, as more and more cars are produced and run in the street, a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off, polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of people. Next, private cars contribute to traffic congestion so greatly that the advantages gained in comfort and freedom are often cancelled out by the frustration caused by traffic jams. The last problem is the increasing number of car accidents that have killed and will kill a lot of people in a friction of a second.
In my opinion, although automobiles have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of our society, they also bring us numerous troubles such as more serious environmental pollution, more traffic accidents and more energy consumption. They drink up huge amounts of fuel and throw out huge amounts of pollutants. Traffic accidents kill thousands and thousands of people each year and cripple more. Jams waste our precious time. Therefore I am against developing private cars.
雅思寫作範文：關於私家車
Some people claim that there are more disadvantages of the car than its advantages.
Do you agree or disagree?
The current hot issues include the one of weighing the advantages and disadvantages of the automobile. In my opinion, its advantages outstrip its disadvantages for two major reasons: impact on society and economic impact.
Firstly, the development of automobiles has had an enormous effect on people's way of life throughout the world. The automobile has given people freedom of movement. It influences where people live and work and how they spend their leisure time. However, each year, motor vehicle accidents kill an estimated 300,000 people throughout the world. But it is the drivers that are the chief factor in vehicle safety because they are responsible for about two-thirds of all accidents. Besides, the automobile itself has become safer and modern road building techniques have increasingly lowered the risk of automobile accidents.
Secondly, many nations depend on automobile production to provide jobs for millions of workers. Filling stations, restaurants, and other businesses that serve automobile travelers are of major importance to a country's economy. In addition, many developing nations have begun making automobiles to stimulate industry. For example, China has promoted broad-based automobile manufacturing. However, automobiles produce terrible air pollution that endangers people's health in many of the world's big cities. But in many countries, steps have been taken to control air pollution caused by automobiles.
In summary, the striking changes in people's lives and the economic impact created by the automobile in the early 20th century have since spread across much of the globe and its disadvantages are becoming insignificant.
雅思寫作：用私家車對個人和環境的利弊
